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1.
中国苹果属植物染色体观察   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文采用去壁低渗法,对原产我国的22种37个类型的苹果属植物的染色体数目进行     了观察,发现它们有2n=34、51、68三种类型,多倍体种占41%,其中以三倍体种类居多,沧江海棠、西蜀海棠、尖嘴林檎、昭觉红花的染色体数以及花红中的四倍体类型均为首次报道。  相似文献   

2.
文章报道了13种蜘蛛抱蛋属植物的染色体核型,并对属内核型进化规律作了总结。作者认为随体染色体和第1对染色体可以作为本属核型的特征染色体。染色体数目变异与花部式样密切相关。本属植物原始的染色体基数为x=19。此外,对非整倍性变异的主要机制也进行了讨论。  相似文献   

3.
孔药花属(鸭跖草科)的核型研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
 本文首次对鸭跖草科孔药花属Porandra Hong进行染色体研究。孔药花P.ramosa Hong和攀缘孔药花P.scandens Hong在染色体的大小、数目和形态上都十分相似,核型公式为2n=36=4m+26sm+6st(2sat),核型类型属于3B。染色体证据支持孔药花属与穿鞘花属Amischotolype和Coleotrype属相近的观点。  相似文献   

4.
本文对江西、浙江、四川的万年青Rohdea japonica,开口箭Tupistra chinensis、筒花开口箭     T.delavayi、金山开口箭T.jinshanensis以及弯蕊开口箭T.wattii的核型进行了分析,其中筒花开     口箭、金山开口箭和弯蕊开口箭的核型为首次报道。万年青属的基本核型为2n=38=26m十10sm十 2st;开口箭属的基本核型为2n=38=26m+12sm,两者极为相似。本文还对万年青属、开口箭属 与其邻近属——铃兰属Convallaria、吉祥草属Reineckia、白穗花属Speitantha,蜘蛛抱蛋属Aspi- distra等的核型进行了分析讨论。  相似文献   

5.
领春木的染色体数目及配子体的发育   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文报道了领春木属的一个国产种Euptelea pleiospermum Hook.f.et Thoms的染色体数目,n=14,2n=28。描述了它的胚珠结构,大小孢子的发育及胚囊的类型。  相似文献   

6.
本文对我国东北产6种藓类的孢子母细胞减数分裂中期I的染色体数进行了报道。结果如下: 羽枝青藓Brachythecium plumosum (Hedw.)B.S.G.,n=15;钝叶绢藓Entodon obtusatus(Mitt) Jaeg.,n=11;东亚绢藓E.okamurae Mitt,n=11;丛本藓Anoctangium aestivum(Hedw.)Mitt., n=13;真藓Bryum argenteum Hedw.,n=10;尖叶美喙藓Eurhynchium eustegium(Besch.)Dix.,n=20+2m,其中前三种为首次报道。  相似文献   

7.
仲彬草属和鹅观草属几个种的核型研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
 本文报道了仲彬草属2个种和鹅观草属3个种的核型,其核型均为首次报道。结果如下: Roegneria nutans,2n=4x=28=26m+2sm;R.abolinii,2n=4x=28=24m+4sm.R.aristiglumis, 2n=6x=42=32m+1Osm(2sat);Kengyilia tahelacana,2n=6x=42=36m(2sat)+6sm(2sat);K. zhoasuensis,2n=6x=42=34m(4sat)+8sm.根据核型特征,K.tahelacana和K.zhoasuensis两个六位体种归入K.engyilia属是正确的。  相似文献   

8.
本文报道了三种芸苔属植物的外部形态、种子解剖、花粉形态和染色体数目。研究结 果表明:新疆毛芥;黑芥;鸡冠菜;均是三个独立的种。其中1新种、1新等级。  相似文献   

9.
四川宝兴地区几种豆科植物的染色体   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
 Meiosis and/or mitosis of six species  of  Fabaceae  (Leguminosae)  from Baoxing County,  Sichuan,  China,  were investigated.  The voucher specimens are con- served in PE. Eight pairs (n=8) and 10 chiasmata in meiosis of pollen mother cells have been observed in Medicago lupulina L. (Pl. 1,  A-C).  Meiotic observation on pollen mother cells in Lotus tenuis W. et K. shows 6 bivalents (n=6) in MI and 9 chias- mata in diakinesis (Pl. 1,  D-E).  In this species 12 somatic chromosomes (2n=12) in anther wall cells have also been observed. The chromosomal formula may be expressed as 2n=12=8m+2sm+2smSAT (Pl. 1,  F-G). In pollen mother cells of Vicia tetrasperma (L.) Schreb.,  7 bivalents in MI and 7 chromosomes in A II have been observed (Pl. 2, A-B). From A II (Pl. 2,  B,  the inset on the right) the chromosomal formula,  n=7= 2m+2sm+lstSAT+2t,  may be constructed. Only three chromosomes in this karyotype may be found to have counterparts in the one reported by Srivastava (1963),  which shows striking differences between these two karyotypes.  Meiotic MI shows 7 pairs (n=7) in Vicia hirsuta (L.) S. F. Gray. Vicia sativa L. is very variable in its chromosomes. Our observation shows 6 pairs (n=6) in MI and in diakinesis in pollen mother cells. In Vicia villosa Roth,  all the previous chromosome reports are 2n=14 or n=7,  but the result of our work shows that somatic chromosomes are 2n=12 in anther wall cells  (Pl. 3,  D,  E). The karyotype in our material (Pl. 3,  E) is that the longest pair of chro- mosomes are metacentric, the pairs 2-4 are terminal, 5 are metacentric and last pair are submetacentric,  differing vastly from the idiogram (Pl. 3,  F) presented by Yama- moto (1973). Therefore both the chromosome number and structure in our material are greatly different from those in all the previous reports.      The evolutionary trends of chromosomes in the genus Vicia is discussed in the work.  Srivastava (1963) holds that the primitive basic number of chromosome in the genus is 6 and thus both 5 and 7 are derived.  The present author would propose ano- ther possibility that 7 is the original basic number and the other numbers are derived ones.  First,  as shown in Table 1,  x=7 occurs in 47 per cent of species in the genus, but 6 only in 28 per cent.  Secondly,  x=7 is predominant in the perennial and primitive section Cracca.  Thirdly,  in genera related to the genus under consideration,  such as Lens,  Pisum and Lathyrus,  x=7 is also the predominant basic number.  Fourthly,  ac- cording to Raven (1975) 7 is the primitive basic number in the angiosperms and x= 7,  8 and 9 are the predominant in the angiosperms.  相似文献   

10.
百合科六属十五种植物的细胞学研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本文对云南西北部百合科6属15种的染色体和核型进行了报道。 (1)Clintonia udensis Trautv.et Mey间期核属于浓密分散型,前期染色体属于渐变型,分裂中期体细胞染色体2n=14=8m+4sm+2st(2SAT),核型不对称性属于2A型;(2)鹿药属四个种间期核属于复杂中央微粒型,前期染色体属于中间型,分裂中期体细胞染色体分别为Smilacina henryi(Baker)Wang et Tang,2n=36=12m+16sm+6st+2t(2SAT),  核型不对称性属于2C型;Smilacina fusca Wall., 2n=36=14m(2SAT)+12sm+10st(2SAT),  核型不对称性属于2B型;  Smilacina tatsienensis(Franch.)Wang et Tang,  2n=36=22m+2sm+2st(2SAT),  核型不对称性属于2C型;Smilacina atropurpurea(Franch.)Wang et Tang,2n=36=18m+6sm(2SAT)+12st,核型不对称性属于2C型;(3)黄精属四个种的间期核属于复杂中央微粒型,前期染色体属于中间型,分裂中期体细胞染色体分别为Polygonatum kingianum Coll.et Hesml.,2n=30=12m(2SAT) +6sm+lst+2t,  核型不对称性属于2C型;  Polygonatum cirrhifolium(Wall.)  Royal,2n=30=10m+4sm+12st+4t,  3C型;  Polygonatum  curvistylum  Hua,  2n=78=24m(2SAT)+14sm(6SAT)+40st,  核型不对称性属于3C  型;  Polygonatum  cathcartii  Baker,2n=32=12m+6sm+10st+2t+2bs,核型不对称性属于2C型;(4)百合属,假百合属,豹子花属三个属的间期核和前期染色体形态相似,都属于复杂中央微粒型,前期染色体属于中间型,分裂中期体 细胞染色体分别为Lilium  henricii Franch,2n=24=2m(2SAT)+2sm+10st+10t,核型不对称性属于3A型;Lilium bakerianum Coll.et  Hesml.var.  rubrum  Stearn,    2n=24=4m  (2SAT)+10st+10t(2SAT),核型不对称性属于3A型;Nomocharis bilouensis Liang 2n=24=2m(2SAT)+2sm+12st+8t,核型不对称性属于3A型;Nomocharis pardanthina Franch.,2n=24=4m(2SAT)+12st (2SAT)+8t,核型不对称性属于3A型;Nomocharis sauluensis Balf, f.,2n=24=4m(2SAT)+10st(2SAT)+10t,核型不对称性属于3B型;Notholirion campanulatum Cotton et Stearn2n=24=2m(2SAT)+2sm+14st(2SAT)+6t,核型不对称性属于3A型。  相似文献   

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