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1.
Rashmi Raghuvanshi M. Chandra P. C. Misra M. K. Misra 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(1):26-29
Platelets play important role in precipitating ischaemic myocardial syndromes in many ways. One of the consequences of ischaemic
diseases is excessive generation of oxygen derived free radicals that have numerous pathophysiological consequences. Platelet
pro-oxidant enzyme, xanthine oxidase is one of the sources of generation of free radicals. In the present paper, we report
the effect of administration of vitamin E along with aspirin on the levels of platelet xanthine oxidase and extent of free
radical mediated damage in the patients reperfused after myocardial infarction.
Our findings show that administration of 400 mg. vitamin E for six days along with 80 mg. aspirin has an excellent anti-oxidant
effect as evidenced by reduced platelet xanthine oxidase activity and lowering of malondialdehdye (MDA) levels which is an
index of the extent of free radical mediated damage. 相似文献
2.
针对重大传染病疫情应急科研的紧迫性、重要性、时效性和协作性的特点,将协同主体、协同任务、协同要素、协同机制、协同绩效和支撑要素等多元协同维度纳入统一的分析框架和逻辑体系,构建多元协同的应急科研协同创新机制;然后将DEMATEL法和网络层次分析(ANP)法进行融合,建立基于DEMATEL-ANP模型的模糊综合评价模型,对重大传染病疫情环境下的应急科研协同活动进行动态评价;并以新型冠状病毒（2019-nCoV）抗体检测试剂盒研发为实践案例,对其应急科研协同程度进行测度和评价。研究结果表明,基于DEMATEL-ANP模型的模糊综合评价模型科学有效,能够对重大传染病疫情应急科研协同程度进行精准和动态评价。 相似文献
3.
针对重大疫情应急科研的紧迫性、重要性、时效性和协作性的特点,将协同主体、协同任务、协同要素、协同机制、协同绩效和支撑要素等多元协同维度纳入统一的分析框架和逻辑体系,构建多元协同的应急科研协同创新机制;然后将DEMATEL法和网络层次分析(ANP)法进行融合,建立基于DEMATEL-ANP模型的模糊综合评价模型,对重大疫情环境下的应急科研协同活动进行动态评价;并以新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)抗体检测试剂盒研发项目为实践案例,对其应急科研协同程度进行测度和评价。研究结果表明,基于DEMATEL-ANP模型的模糊综合评价模型科学有效,能够对重大疫情应急科研协同程度进行精准和动态评价。 相似文献
4.
《Information processing & management》2023,60(2):103196
Data retrieval systems supporting the discovery and reuse of open data are emerging as important tools in the open data ecosystem. However, user satisfaction with them is relatively low. This study proposes the primacy-peak-recency effect to investigate the cognitive mechanisms underlying data searchers’ overall satisfaction. To test the primacy-peak-recency effect, primacy-peak-recency cubes consisting of eye movement indicators at primacy, peak, and recency moments and their combinations are constructed as the theoretical model. A user experiment was conducted to collect eye movement data and satisfaction scores generated during 48 doctoral students’ interactions with data retrieval systems. An ensemble machine learning framework was then applied to analyze eye movement data to assess the theoretical model. The results indicate that the primacy-peak-recency cubes are salient predictors of data searchers’ satisfaction (the prediction accuracy=0.682 and regression R2=0.749). This finding suggests that data searchers’ complex cognitive processes at primacy, peak, and recency moments measured by uni-, bi-, and three-dimensional eye movement indicators are predictors of overall satisfaction, confirming the primacy-peak-recency effect. In addition, combinations of varying types of influential moments and multidimensional eye movement events are the best predictors of overall satisfaction. This suggests that influential moments and cognitive processes have additive effects on overall satisfaction. Combining theory-driven and data-driven approaches, this study sheds light on the potential of machine learning approaches for analyzing neuropsychological data for heuristics examination. With these insights, practical strategies to predict data searchers’ satisfaction and optimize the user-experience design of data retrieval systems are proposed. 相似文献
5.
Faezeh Farivar Mahdi Aliyari Shoorehdeli Mohammad Teshnehlab 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2012,349(7):2243-2267
Despite active research and significant progress in the last three decades on control of human eye movements, it remains challenging issue due to its applications in prosthetic eyes and robotics. Till now, no considerable investigation of this subject is presented in the interdisciplinary sciences. The goal of this paper is to present a distinguished survey of existing literature on the intelligent control of the human eye movements system applied in a huggable pet-type robot as a biomechatronic system.In this study, the basic knowledge of human eye movements control is explained to show how the neural networks in the brainstem control the human eye movements. The geometry and model of human eye movements system are investigated and this system is considered as a nonlinear control system. The specified model may only be an academic exercise. It can have scientific importance in understanding of the human movement system in general. Also, it can be useful for robotics.Intelligent methods such as artificial neural networks and fuzzy neural networks are proposed to control the human eye movements and numerical simulations are presented. It is discussed that the intelligent controls applied to control of human eye movements system are emulated from the neural controls in biological system. 相似文献
6.
Yidong Chai Yiyang Bian Hongyan Liu Jiaxing Li Jie Xu 《Information processing & management》2021,58(2):102454
Glaucoma, a group of eye diseases, damages individual eye health by injuring the optic nerve, and this leads to inevitable vision loss. Although the symptoms of glaucoma can be observed by experts, the procedure for doing so is still complex and time-consuming. This problem has become more acute in China than in other locations due to its high population and limited medical resources. With the development of IT and health informatics, automatic diagnosis has been found to be effective for managing the diagnosis issues with regard to glaucoma. However, one crucial yet underexplored problem is how to improve the effectiveness of automatic diagnosis by considering uncertainty and gathering key information from multimodal data, including medical indicators, images, and texts. Therefore, this study proposes a Bayesian deep multisource learning (BDMSL) model to address these problems. Specifically, multisource learning is introduced to integrate data from multiple sources, while Bayesian deep learning is adopted to obtain model uncertainty information. Based on real medical data collected from one of the best eye hospitals in China, our research results show that the BDMSL model achieves better performance than other methods in terms of glaucoma detection. With the exploration of health informatics in terms of diagnosing glaucoma in China, the proposed model can be generalized to provide health services globally. 相似文献
7.
全球气候变暖,极端天气频发,入侵型、新发和重发昆虫传作物病毒病害已经成为限制我国农作物优质高产的主要因素。因缺乏抗病抗虫的种质资源、育种周期长,虫传病害防治难度极大,目前我国农业处于几乎完全依赖化学防控媒介昆虫的被动应付局面,生态与环境成本极大。以往研究虫传病毒病害往往注重病毒和植物寄主两个方面,这些研究为理解作物病毒病害的暴发机制提供了基础知识,但尚未能深入到病害防控的关键节点——媒介昆虫介导的病毒侵染循环这一根本性问题上,导致目前在病毒病害防治实践上缺乏有效抓手。近年来,随着分子生物学和组学研究的飞速发展,以及微观生物学技术和理念对宏观生物学的快速渗透与交叉,病毒—昆虫—植物三者互作机制研究取得了诸多重要进展,在寻找病毒病害流行暴发的宏观生态学现象背后的分子生物学与生物化学机制上取得了长足进步,不但为复杂生态系统多元互作分子机制提供了参考模型,也为通过人工干扰和操纵生物间互作关键节点,从而促进虫传病毒病害的持久防控提供了科学依据和新的有效抓手,变被动应付为主动调控病害灾变过程。文章简要回顾了近年来病毒—昆虫—植物三者互作领域的主要研究进展和发展趋势,并抛砖引玉提出了对未来发展的建议和思考。建议国家组织研究力量,大力加强:(1)大田生产条件下病毒病害发生的多元生物体系互作机制及科学防控科技支撑能力建设;(2)前沿基础和新方法新策略探索及应用平台建设;(3)虫媒病害绿色防控的微生物组学颠覆性技术等方向的探索与突破,力求在虫传作物病毒病害绿色生态防控方面为农业供给侧改革提供强有力的科技创新和支撑能力。 相似文献
8.
在心血管领域中,超声心动图成像技术被心脏科医生称为“临床中的眼睛”,在疾病诊断及指导治疗方面表现出卓越的价值,有着不可忽视的地位。临床适用的需求不断扩大,推动着超声心动图学在医学教育及再教育中的发展,这就对规培学员的教学培养提出了更高的要求。超声心动图教学培训要求学员一方面要加强对理论知识的深刻认识,另一方面要规范实践操作能力,提高临床适用能力。该文主要总结和阐述了作者所在单位在住院医师规范化培训中实行的阶梯式培训模式,使学员熟悉心脏超声技术适应症,读懂心脏超声报告,熟悉超声图像应用,经过短期培训后,规范上机操作,最终通过考核。 相似文献
9.
目的：了解和评价金融企业职工的身体状况,指导对自身健康进行有效的管理。方法：选择某金融企业体检者497名,排除严重心脑肝肾疾病,肿瘤患者,急性炎症患者及长期服药者等。通过Biospace InBody 220人体成分分析仪对身体水分含量、蛋白质、无机盐、体脂肪、骨骼肌含量、体质指数、体脂百分比、腰臀脂比等指标进行测定。同时测定血压。所有指标的测定均由我院医护人员经过统一培训后进行操作。结果：除体脂肪外,身体水分、蛋白质、无机盐、骨骼肌肉量、体质指数、体脂百分比、腰臀脂比均受性别的影响（p＜0.05）。除身体水分外,人体成分中蛋白质、无机盐、体脂肪、骨骼肌肉量、体质指数、体脂百分比及腰臀脂比均与收缩压、舒张压水平密切相关（p＜0.001）。结论：金融企业职工倾向于体脂肪超标,人体成分与血压水平密切相关。通过对人体成分的分析,可早期发现人体成分的异常变化,指导改变不良的生活方式和行为,对自身健康进行有效的管理,预防相关疾病的发生。 相似文献
10.
11.
P. Usha Sarma P V G K Sarma Taruna Madan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2000,15(1):43-50
Diseases caused by pathogenic filamentous fungi, are an emerging threat to public health in the wake of increasing incidence of HIV and tuberculosis. At this point, discovery and development of fungal therapeutics and diagnostics are serious challenges for biomedical researchers. Recent technological advances in genomics and proteomics offer great scope for development of preventive and therapeutic measures for fungal diseases.Aspergillus, one of the medically important filamentous pathogenic fungi causes a wide spectrum of clinical disorders ranging from allergic aspergillosis to systemic invasive aspergillosis. Increase in incidence of drug resistance and the cytotoxic effects are two serious limitations of the antifungal drugs presently in use. This is primarily due to lack of understanding of biological mechanisms operative in these fungi. Today, it is possible to understand the biological mechanisms of the fungus for its colonisation, survival and invasion of the host. Future developments based on such leads can result in development of precise and specific diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive measures for a wide clinical spectrum of fungal diseases. 相似文献
12.
网络教室和各种电子教室软件的普及使用,给信息技术教师演示教学和机房管理带来了便利。在这种教学环境中,由于教师和学生面对的都是显示器,使得师生之间的眼神、肢体语言等交流逐步减少。离开了面对面的交流,教师通过观察获取反馈信息的手段被逐步淡化。因此,网络没有拉近师生的距离,反而在师生之间筑起了一道无形的墙,其直接后果就是教师更关注于把精心设计的教学内容顺利展现出来,却无法即时与学生进行沟通和反馈,无法对课堂上瞬息万变的事件快速地做出回应。可见,先进的技术在带来各种便利的同时,也衍生出了不少副作用。针对这一现象,立足于教师的自我课堂观察,笔者进行了相关研究,期望广大信息技术教师关注课堂观察,实现有效教学。 相似文献
13.
N. Pattanaik Ajita V Singh R. S. Pandey B. S. Singh Mohan Kumar S. K. Dixit Yamini B. Tripathi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2003,18(2):181-189
Free radicals are implicated in various chronic diseases. There has always been a search for new antioxidants. In this paper
we have investigated Tamra bhasma, a metallic ayurvedic preparation. It is a time-tested medicine in Ayurveda and is in clinical
use for various ailments specifically the free radical mediated diseases. Our results show that Tamra bhasma inhibits lipid
peroxidation (LPO), prevents the rate of aerial oxidation of reduced glutathione (GSH) content and induces the activity of
superoxide dismutase (SOD) in rat liver homogenate in the bi-phasic manner. The drug was orally given for 7, 15 and 30 days
in different doses. Best protective response was found at the dose of 0.5mg/100g body weight in albino rats, although it showed
some histopathological changes at the dose of 20mg/100g body weight. The results suggest that this Ayurvedic preparation is
not merely a source of copper metal, but it is a strong anti-oxidant with no detectable adverse effect in lower doses of therapeutic
range. 相似文献
14.
Singh PP Chandra A Mahdi F Roy A Sharma P 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2010,25(3):225-243
The antioxidants are essential molecules in human system but are not miracle molecules. They are neither performance enhancers
nor can prevent or cure diseases when taken in excess. Their supplemental value is debateable. In fact, many high quality
clinical trials on antioxidant supplement have shown no effect or adverse outcomes ranging from morbidity to all cause mortality.
Several Chochrane Meta-analysis and Markov Model techniques, which are presently best available statistical models to derive
conclusive answers for comparing large number of trials, support these claims. Nevertheless none of these statistical techniques
are flawless. Hence, more efforts are needed to develop perfect statistical model to analyze the pooled data and further double
blind, placebo controlled interventional clinical trials, which are gold standard, should be implicitly conducted to get explicit
answers. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase and catalase are termed as primary antioxidants as these scavenge
superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide. All these three enzymes are inducible enzymes, thereby inherently meaning that body
increases or decreases their activity as per requirement. Hence there is no need to attempt to manipulate their activity nor
have such efforts been clinically useful. SOD administration has been tried in some conditions especially in cancer and myocardial
infarction but has largely failed, probably because SOD is a large molecule and can not cross cell membrane. The dietary antioxidants,
including nutrient antioxidants are chain breaking antioxidants and in tandem with enzyme antioxidants temper the reactive
oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) within physiological limits. Since body is able to regulate its own
requirements of enzyme antioxidants, the diet must provide adequate quantity of non-enzymic antioxidants to meet the normal
requirements and provide protection in exigent condition. So far, there is no evidence that human tissues ever experience
the torrent of reactive species and that in chronic conditions with mildly enhanced generation of reactive species, the body
can meet them squarely if antioxidants defense system in tissues is biochemically optimized. We are not yet certain about
optimal levels of antioxidants in tissues. Two ways have been used to assess them: first by dietary intake and second by measuring
plasma levels. Lately determination of plasma/serum level of antioxidants is considered better index for diagnostic and prognostic
purposes. The recommended levels for vitamin A, E and C and beta carotene are 2.2–2.8 μmol/l; 27.5–30 μmol/l; 40–50 μmol/l
and 0.4–0.5 μmol/l, respectively. The requirement and recommended blood levels of other dietary antioxidants are not established.
The resolved issues are (1) essential to scavenge excess of radical species (2) participants in redox homeostasis (3) selective
antioxidants activity against radical species (4) there is no universal antioxidant and 5) therapeutic value in case of deficiency.
The overarching issues are (1) therapeutic value as adjuvant therapy in management of diseases (2) supplemental value in developing
population (3) selective interactivity of antioxidant in different tissues and on different substrates (4) quantitative contribution
in redox balance (5) mechanisms of adverse action on excess supplementation (6) advantages and disadvantages of prooxidant
behavior of antioxidants (7) behavior in cohorts with polymorphic differences (8) interaction and intervention in radiotherapy,
diabetes and diabetic complications and cardiovascular diseases (9) preventive behavior in neurological disorders (10) benefits
of non-nutrient dietary antioxidants (11) markers to assess optimized antioxidants status (12) assessment of benefits of supplementation
in alcoholics and heavy smokers. The unresolved and intriguing issues are (1) many compounds such as vitamin A and many others
possessing both antioxidant and non-antioxidant properties contribute to both the activities in vivo or exclusively only to
non-antioxidant activity and (2) since human tissues do not experience the surge of FR, whether there is any need to develop
stronger synthetic antioxidants. Theoretically such antioxidants may do more harm than good. 相似文献
15.
人体健康信息的监测、获取、处理是衡量个人健康状态最直接的方法,也是有效预防疾病威胁的重要手段。穿戴式人体传感器网络技术,可实现健康全过程的跟踪与智能服务,对人体信息的动态监测和疾病预防具有重大意义。文章在分析穿戴式人体传感器的前景和研究现状基础上,提出了解决穿戴式人体传感器网络核心技术的策略方法,并给出了基于人体传感器网络技术的穿戴式医疗设备中与"人-机-环境"有关的两个关键问题。 相似文献
16.
为了将远近不同的物体成像在视网膜上,眼睛的焦度要在一定范围进行调节,它主要通过睫状肌收缩改变晶状体的曲率半径来完成。利用凹、凸透镜及光具座,根据两透镜之间距离相对变化时,整个系统可得出各种不同的球面焦度(即屈光度)这一原理,以此来测量眼睛的屈光度。 相似文献
17.
Medically diagnosed alcoholics can be differentiated reliably from non-alcoholics using clinically laboratory tests. In the
present study, patients with liver diseases either due to alcohol or without alcohol compared with a group of normal healthy
persons. Heavy drinkers showed significantly lower body weight and percent body fat, and low BMI compared with other groups.
The percentage of hemoglobin and total number of RBC were found to be significantly decreased, whereas mean corpuscular volume
(MCV) significantly increased in alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Hyperbilirubinemia, hyperuricemia and hypoalbuminemia correlate
with alcohol intake. Albumin/globulin ratio significantly decreased in ALD. In acute liver injury AST/ALT ratio is ≤1.0, whereas
in alcoholic hepatitis it is always >1.0. Moderately elevated level of ALP and high GGT values are good discriminator of alcoholic
patients. Alcohol-induced liver injury is linked to oxidative stress as observed by decreased level of reduced glutathione
and ascorbic acid, and increased level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. 相似文献
18.
有害生物的生态调控一直是作物病虫害预防与治理的重要前沿科技领域。目前有害生物生态调控研究已由单一的农田拓展到区域性农田景观的空间范围。研究区域性农田景观中格局特征和人类活动对病虫害和天敌种群动态影响,不仅在病虫害生物防治的实践中有重要意义,而且对于揭示人类活动对生物多样性结构与功能的影响,阐明区域性农田景观中生物多样性整合、维持机理有重大的理论意义。作物病虫害的导向性防控——生物间信息流与行为操纵,最终需要体现和落实在特定的地理区域空间范围内,参与到粮食作物生产与病虫害生态管理活动过程中。文章主要阐述区域性农田景观中格局特征与人类种植活动对昆虫的生态学效应,并提出构建基于区域性农田景观多元化的有害生物生态调控体系。 相似文献
19.
M. I. Akpanabiatu I. B. Umoh E. E. Edet T. Ekanem S. Ukaffia J. I. Ndem 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2009,24(3):241-244
Serum creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) are key players in the
diagnostic study of cardiac complications. These enzymes are specific diagnostic markers of myocardial infarction and hypertension
is a disease condition characterized with a wide range of complications, including myocardial infarction. In this study, we
determined the effects of interaction of vitamin A and Rauwolfia vomitoria (RV) root bark extract on marker enzymes of cardiac
diseases. CK and CK-MB activities had significant decrease in the group of animals with concomitant administration of vitamin
A (40 IU/kg body wt.) and 150 mg/kg body wt. of RV root bark extract. At the interaction of vitamin A with 300 mg/kg body
wt. RV root bark extract, CK-MB only showed significant (p ≥ 0.05) decrease while CK decreased insignificantly. Also at the
interaction of vitamin A with 300 mg/kg body wt. RV root bark extract, AST increased significantly but decreased significantly
at the interaction of vitamin A (40 IU/kg body wt.) and 150 mg/kg body wt. of RV root bark extract. Our findings showed that
vitamin A dose did not lower the activities of cardiac marker enzymes. However, concomitant administration of RV root bark
extract at 150 mg/kg body wt. with vitamin A shows significant reduction in the activities of CK, CK-MB and AST. These findings
suggest that interaction of vitamin A with RV root bark extract would be a meaningful ethno-pharmaceutical approach in the
management of myocardial infarction and treatment of hypertension. 相似文献
20.
Johanna Pedroza-Díaz Sarah R?thlisberger 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2015,25(1):22-35
The discovery of protein biomarkers that reflect the biological state of the body is of vital importance to disease management. Urine is an ideal source of biomarkers that provides a non-invasive approach to diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of diseases. Consequently, the study of the human urinary proteome has increased dramatically over the last 10 years, with many studies being published. This review focuses on urinary protein biomarkers that have shown potential, in initial studies, for diseases affecting the urogenital tract, specifically chronic kidney disease and prostate cancer, as well as other non-urogenital pathologies such as breast cancer, diabetes, atherosclerosis and osteoarthritis. PubMed was searched for peer-reviewed literature on the subject, published in the last 10 years. The keywords used were “urine, biomarker, protein, and/or prostate cancer/breast cancer/chronic kidney disease/diabetes/atherosclerosis/osteoarthritis”. Original studies on the subject, as well as a small number of reviews, were analysed including the strengths and weaknesses, and we summarized the performance of biomarkers that demonstrated potential. One of the biggest challenges found is that biomarkers are often shared by several pathologies so are not specific to one disease. Therefore, the trend is shifting towards implementing a panel of biomarkers, which may increase specificity. Although there have been many advances in urinary proteomics, these have not resulted in similar advancements in clinical practice due to high costs and the lack of large data sets. In order to translate these potential biomarkers to clinical practice, vigorous validation is needed, with input from industry or large collaborative studies.Key words: urine, protein, biomarker 相似文献