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1.
Amie M. Schuck 《Research in higher education》2017,58(1):77-97
The goal of this study is to evaluate the effect of crime and discipline on graduation rates in higher education. Using national data on more than 1250 public and private non-profit institutions that were drawn from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, the results reveal that more violence on and around campus is associated with lower 4-year graduation rates, whereas higher rates of disciplinary actions regarding alcohol, drugs, and weapons are associated with higher graduation rates. Furthermore, the findings suggest that utilizing the student conduct system rather than the criminal justice system to address minor offenses is more likely to lead to student success. This study contributes to the growing literature on college effectiveness and the influence of institutional structures and organizational policies on student achievement. The results of this study suggest that violent crime, institutional conduct systems, and campus police departments warrant further investigation. 相似文献
2.
吴九君 《海南广播电视大学学报》2014,(3):47-49
暴力犯罪原因具有多元性,针对不同犯罪成因有不同应对措施。美国心理学家多拉德与米勒提出挫折——攻击理论,他们认为攻击原因是由于挫折增大的结果。流行病学家加里·斯拉金发现暴力犯罪一些常见指标,分布趋势图、流行曲线、数据等与流行病分布趋势图、流行曲线、数据等相似。他大胆提出以成功阻止传染病工作战略模式阻止暴力传播。研究结果和实际评估表明这种新预防暴力犯罪的工作模式具有显著效果。 相似文献
3.
J. Fredericks Volkwein Bruce P. Szelest Alan J. Lizotte 《Research in higher education》1995,36(6):647-670
This research draws upon merged national databases containing federal crime statistics, community demographic data, and campus characteristics. The study displays the trends in campus crime since 1974, and using 1990 data, examines the relationships between three measures of campus crime and 23 predictors developed for this study. The results show that campus rates of both violent crime and property crime are falling, especially since 1985. Moreover, students are considerably safer on campus than in the cities and communities surrounding them. The lowest average crime rates are found at two-year colleges, while the highest overall rates are at medical schools and health science centers. None of the community characteristics, including community crime and poverty rates, are significantly associated with campus crime. While campus organizational measures in general are more highly related to campus crime than are student characteristics, we find differences in the patterns of variables associated with violent crime versus property crime. Factors associated with property crime are partially consistent with existing theory on criminal activity. Factors associated with violent crime are more complex and difficult to predict.An earlier version of this paper was the winner of the regional Best Paper Award from the North East AIR annual meeting in Bolton Landing, N.Y., November 1993. It was presented again at the Association for Institutional Research Forum, New Orleans, Louisiana, May 1994. 相似文献
4.
李健百 《孝感职业技术学院学报》2014,(1):94-99
犯罪问题己经成为各国都面临的一个全球性难题,如何预防和控制犯罪对各国来说都是一个亟待解决的问题。刑事古典学派与刑事近代学派分别以犯罪行为与犯罪人为重心,系统地进行犯罪分类的研究,并提出了相应的犯罪预防措施,这对法学界产生了重大影响。鉴于此,要想区别各种犯罪的异同,就必须研究它们的分类,进而从根本上解决犯罪的预防与治理难题。 相似文献
5.
Violence and Vigilance: The Acute Effects of Community Violent Crime on Sleep and Cortisol 
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下载免费PDF全文 Jennifer A. Heissel Patrick T. Sharkey Gerard Torrats‐Espinosa Kathryn Grant Emma K. Adam 《Child development》2018,89(4):e323-e331
The data combine objectively measured sleep and thrice‐daily salivary cortisol collected from a 4‐day diary study in a large Midwestern city with location data on all violent crimes recorded during the same time period for N = 82 children (Mage = 14.90, range = 11.27–18.11). The primary empirical strategy uses a within‐person design to measure the change in sleep and cortisol from the person's typical pattern on the night/day immediately following a local violent crime. On the night following a violent crime, children have later bedtimes. Children also have disrupted cortisol patterns the following morning. Supplementary analyses using varying distances of the crime to the child's home address confirm more proximate crimes correspond to later bedtimes. 相似文献
6.
孙宇 《柳州职业技术学院学报》2021,(1)
近年来,未成年人校园暴力犯罪呈低龄化趋势。从刑法基础理论出发,总结当前未成年人校园暴力犯罪的特征,阐述规制未成年人校园暴力犯罪的理论基础,剖析未成年人校园暴力犯罪刑法规制的缺陷与不足,提出增加规制校园暴力犯罪的专门立法和司法解释;优化对未成年人校园暴力犯罪案件的司法适用等建议,预防和矫正未成年人校园暴力犯罪,充分发挥刑法“惩治犯罪”与“保障人权”的作用。 相似文献
7.
高校暴力犯罪多数是由于大学生病态的心理状态引发的。为此,应当采取多项教育形式相结合的方式,重视大学生心理健康,实施爱的教育与音乐治疗,陶冶并丰富大学生的情感世界,以预防和减少高校暴力犯罪行为的发生。 相似文献
8.
近年来未成年人犯罪呈上升趋势,检察机关在办理未成年人犯罪案件中应贯彻教育为主、惩罚为辅的原则,着眼于消除未成年人犯罪的原因和条件,改进工作,创新模式,努力实现由事后消极惩罚转向事前积极防范,有效控制和预防未成年人犯罪。 相似文献
9.
李健百 《连云港职业技术学院学报》2014,(1):9-13,22
刑事古典学派与刑事近代学派分别以犯罪行为与犯罪人为重心,系统的进行犯罪分类的研究,并提出了相应的犯罪预防措施,这对理论界产生了重大影响。刑法学与犯罪学与之相呼应,也分别建构了自己的理论体系,前者主要关注犯罪的行为性质,所表述的是不同类型的行为在刑法规定的犯罪构成上的差异,而犯罪学主要展示犯罪原因与犯罪预防个别特征的犯罪人的类型。因此,有必要以犯罪学为基础,从犯罪构成的角度探讨犯罪分类,提出微观预防与宏观预防相结合的犯罪预防体系。 相似文献
10.
段翼泽 《海南广播电视大学学报》2014,(3):62-65
中国学者关于社会关系研究集中于稳定的熟人乡村社会,很少有把目光放于变动不居的陌生人市场。运用定性的田野调查方法对三亚渔港鱼类交易活动中各种角色与关系网进行描述分析,发现渔港里权力越大的圈子实现利益的机会越大;越是处于多重关系中心,利益越容易实现;越是处于单一关系边缘,机会越渺茫。 相似文献
11.
Cedric Michel 《Journal of Criminal Justice Education》2017,28(1):52-73
The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of exposure to information about white-collar crime among college students on changes, if any, in their opinion toward it. The research design employed a one-group pretest–posttest design. Undergraduate students enrolled in a college course on white-collar crime answered a survey that measured their level of knowledge about crimes of the powerful and general sentiments toward them both on the first and last day of the semester. With the notable exception of environmental racism, subjects’ knowledge about white-collar crime—which was already high at time 1—did not statistically increase during the course of the semester. Similarly, attitudes toward white-collar crime remained both negative and stable. Correlational analyses between knowledge gains and changes in sentiments revealed that better-informed subjects were generally more likely to consider white-collar crime a serious issue and to recommend tougher sanctions against its perpetrators. 相似文献
12.
孟明 《青岛教育学院学报》2014,(1):62-65
中小学校园安全关涉青少年的健康成长,也是影响社会稳定的重要因素。其复杂性和系统性增加了事故预防的难度。青岛市是中国教育学会安全教育实验区之一,在校园安全方面遇到的问题和采取的对策具有一定的代表性。深入分析校园安全问题产生的原因,建构科学合理的安全机制和预防体系,对于提高中小学校园安全管理的实效性具有重要意义。 相似文献
13.
许文琼 《桂林师范高等专科学校学报》2006,20(3):32-35
近年来,学生暴力犯罪呈愈演愈烈之势,已引起了全社会的广泛关注.借用在犯罪学中对犯罪原因系统研究的方法,对影响学生暴力犯罪社会宏观因素、社会微观因素、心理因素、生理因素以及被害人因素分别做了一番解析,希望能借此为学生暴力犯罪的防治提供有价值的参考. 相似文献
14.
杨晓培 《江西教育学院学报》2014,(2):33-36
当前,校园犯罪问题已成为全世界关注的焦点。随着社会转型的深入,校园个体教育的不科学及缺陷性的社会化增强,校园犯罪问题凸显。在此背景下,对校园犯罪的生成机理和预防教育的适应性研究,将益于学生、学校、家庭和社会的稳定与发展,具有较好法律价值和社会意义。 相似文献
15.
刘翠花 《商丘职业技术学院学报》2004,3(2):55-56
青少年团伙犯罪已成为青少年犯罪的重要形式了解青少年团伙犯罪的特点，探索青少年闭伙犯罪的心理原因和预防措施，对预防和减少青少年团伙犯罪，对促进青少年一代的健康成长和社会的稳定是非常有益的。 相似文献
16.
在社会转型过程中,弱势群体犯罪问题日益凸现并愈发严重,其内在根源在很大程度上归咎于社会对其权利分配的不平等以及法律保障的虚置。当弱势群体遭遇权利危机且又无法解决时,基于寻求某种平等权的潜在特质,往往会选择违法犯罪来彰显其弱势的社会人格的存在。为有效地预防和控制弱势群体犯罪,必须加强对弱势群体犯罪的对策研究,加大对弱势群体的法律保护、社会扶助、文化、教育及心理防控,并建立健全相关机制。 相似文献
17.
聋人刑事犯罪心理成因的研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
聋人刑事犯罪已成为当今社会非常棘手的问题。任何一种现象都有它的根源,结合从事聋教育多年的实践经验,加之参加公、检、法机关办案过程中承担手语翻译的实践经历,以聋人犯罪动机为主线,结合典型案例对聋人犯罪行为背后的心理进行剖析,为家庭、社会、学校、司法部门采取有效措施提供依据。 相似文献
18.
敲诈勒索罪的手段是敲诈勒索罪客观要件的一个重要构成要素。关于敲诈勒索罪的手段也是刑法理论界和实务界争议的焦点之一。我国刑法理论界的通说认为,敲诈勒索罪的手段主要是威胁或要挟。但有的学者认为除了威胁或要挟之外,还应包括暴力手段。下面笔者将从比较研究关于敲诈勒索罪手段的规定、当场实施暴力能否成为敲诈勒索罪的手段、敲诈勒索罪的其他具体手段等3个方面展开论述。 相似文献
19.
犯罪原因问题是犯罪学的核心问题,从传统犯罪原因开始论述,介绍传统犯罪原因的一般理论、社会反应理论、犯罪情景预防理论,并对不同犯罪原因理论指导下的犯罪预防措施进行归纳,重点介绍了在理论界与实践中备受关注的犯罪情景预防理论和技术,实证分析了情景预防理论在我国社会综合治理中的重大意义及本土化运用。 相似文献