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论信息管理学的概念与概念体系(续) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
4 信息资源、信息资源管理与信息管理技术 4.1 信息资源与信息资源管理“信息资源”与“信息资源管理”是信息管理学的核心内容。这两个基本概念的准确定义至关重要。信息资源管理 ( IRM:Information ResourceManagement)是 70年代在国外兴起的一个新领域。当时由于现代信息技术的迅速发展和广泛应用 ,社会信息量骤增 ,造成了大量信息管理问题。为解决这一问题 ,逐渐在管理科学中形成了信息资源管理这一分支 ,成为与财务、人事、物资、土地和能源并列的一项资源管理。信息资源管理的兴起标志着信息管理进入了一个新的历史阶段。它… 相似文献
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术语学理论研究始于20世纪30年代。60年代,当代术语学理论基本形成后,术语和其表达的概念成为术语学的研究对象。70年代术语学成为一门独立的学科。其中从事个别术语学研究的专家学者对不同领域的术语进行分析研究,与术语学密切相关的词汇学术语自然也列在其中。此前国内对词汇学术语的研究,大多停留在语义分析和构成方面,尚未从概念体系和构建概念划分图示的角度对词汇学术语进行分析和研究,因此对词汇学概念体系进行分析研究是必要的。本文将阐述构建词汇学概念体系的理论意义、实践意义以及构建概念体系的依据,为词汇学概念体系的构建做好理论铺垫。 相似文献
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教学设计是课堂教学实施的方案,同时也是以教学理论、学习理论和传播理论为其基本理论的一门学科,其运用系统论的方法和观点,对教学中的问题与需求进行分析,从而找出最佳方案的理论方法。在化学教学设计中,主要是针对化学学科而言所设定一项学科建构,化学教学设计对化学教学的理论及方法都有重要指导意义。本文初步探讨分析了化学教学设计的概念、对象和理论方法,旨在为化学教学的科学化、理论化给予一定的参考。 相似文献
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情报学若干问题辨析 总被引：74，自引：6，他引：74
情报学是一门发展中的新学科 ,国内外不同时期从不同侧面对它的定义和内涵有各种表述。综合其共同点 ,情报学是研究有效地运用信息、知识和情报的规律性的一门科学。情报学发源于图书馆学和文献学 ,已发展成为自然科学、技术科学和社会科学的交叉学科。1 信息与情报1 1 “信息链”信息与情报是情报学的核心问题。什么是信息 ?什么是知识 ?什么是情报 ?对这些基本概念如果没有明确的认识 ,就不可能获得对情报学及其相关学科的科学理解。“信息”和“情报” ,英语都是“Information”。英语的Infor mation是一个连续体的概念 ,“信息链”由… 相似文献
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为促进安全科普学研究与发展,进而提升安全科普实践效果,针对目前学界对安全科普理论研究不足的现状,基于学科建设高度,开展安全科普学的创建研究。首先,从安全科学视角,基于科普的定义,提出安全科普的定义;其次,提出安全科普学的定义,并深入剖析安全科普学的内涵;最后,系统探讨安全科普学的研究范围、学科特征、研究对象、研究内容与学科基础5个学科基本问题。研究结果表明,安全科普学是专门研究安全科普规律的一门新兴综合交叉学科,其研究可为安全科普实践提供重要的理论基础与科学依据。 相似文献
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一个学科概念规定和制约了一门学问的研究对象和内容。因此,在进行中国工运史的研究和教学时,对其学科概念的表述,是我们首先遇到的问题。目前,中国工运史的教材体系还不够完整和完善,学科理论著作甚少,学科概念还没有公认的统一的表述,一些教员授课时回避这个问题。在这种情况下,为了研究和教学的需要,我主张对中国工运史的学科概念做如是说: 相似文献
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信息管理学是信息管理与信息系统专业的一门必修课,具有学科交叉性强、知识更新较快等特点,为弥补传统“灌输式”教学方法存在的问题,教学中引入探究式教学模式。本文概述探究式教学的思想渊源、内涵以及特点,对信息管理学的现状和问题进行分析,介绍探究式教学在信息管理学课程教学中的应用实践,并总结了影响探究式教学实施效果的重要启示。 相似文献
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This paper reports our experimental investigation into the use of more realistic concepts as opposed to simple keywords for document retrieval, and reinforcement learning for improving document representations to help the retrieval of useful documents for relevant queries. The framework used for achieving this was based on the theory of Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) and Lattice Theory. Features or concepts of each document (and query), formulated according to FCA, are represented in a separate concept lattice and are weighted separately with respect to the individual documents they present. The document retrieval process is viewed as a continuous conversation between queries and documents, during which documents are allowed to learn a set of significant concepts to help their retrieval. The learning strategy used was based on relevance feedback information that makes the similarity of relevant documents stronger and non-relevant documents weaker. Test results obtained on the Cranfield collection show a significant increase in average precisions as the system learns from experience. 相似文献
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导数在高等数学基本概念中占有重要位置,将授课中常见求导数的方法加以归纳．使学生学习求导知识时提高学习效率. 相似文献
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We argue that the quality of a summary can be evaluated based on how many concepts in the original document(s) that can be preserved after summarization. Here, a concept refers to an abstract or concrete entity or its action often expressed by diverse terms in text. Summary generation can thus be considered as an optimization problem of selecting a set of sentences with minimal answer loss. In this paper, we propose a document concept lattice that indexes the hierarchy of local topics tied to a set of frequent concepts and the corresponding sentences containing these topics. The local topics will specify the promising sub-spaces related to the selected concepts and sentences. Based on this lattice, the summary is an optimized selection of a set of distinct and salient local topics that lead to maximal coverage of concepts with the given number of sentences. Our summarizer based on the concept lattice has demonstrated competitive performance in Document Understanding Conference 2005 and 2006 evaluations as well as follow-on tests. 相似文献
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城市基础设施是保证国家或地区社会经济活动正常进行的公共服务系统,它的社会效益远大于经济利益,对社会发展具有十分重要的意义。本文通过国内外学者研究关于基础设施建设投资与模式的近期研究成果进行综述,在界定相关概念的基础上,对理论界现存的争议性及开发模式问题进行归纳总结并对未来研究进行了展望。 相似文献
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Carmen De Maio Giuseppe Fenza Vincenzo Loia Sabrina Senatore 《Information processing & management》2012
In recent years, knowledge structuring is assuming important roles in several real world applications such as decision support, cooperative problem solving, e-commerce, Semantic Web and, even in planning systems. Ontologies play an important role in supporting automated processes to access information and are at the core of new strategies for the development of knowledge-based systems. Yet, developing an ontology is a time-consuming task which often needs an accurate domain expertise to tackle structural and logical difficulties in the definition of concepts as well as conceivable relationships. This work presents an ontology-based retrieval approach, that supports data organization and visualization and provides a friendly navigation model. It exploits the fuzzy extension of the Formal Concept Analysis theory to elicit conceptualizations from datasets and generate a hierarchy-based representation of extracted knowledge. An intuitive graphical interface provides a multi-facets view of the built ontology. Through a transparent query-based retrieval, final users navigate across concepts, relations and population. 相似文献
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讨论了基础科学创新的概念,指出度量基础科学创新的唯一尺度是新概念、新思想、新方法以及由此产生的新结论.讨论了基础科学创新的层次和分类,颠覆了传统观念,解决了重大学科前沿问题而产生的新概念、新思想和新方法以及成为其它学科基础的新概念、新思想、新方法都是最高层次的创新,除此之外还有其它一些创新.探讨了如何培养基础科学的创新思维,即需要解放思想,保持个性,不迷信权威,善于学习、勤于思考,勤奋、百折不挠等. 相似文献
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本文探讨了在数字图书馆理论研究中导人数字图书馆学概念的必要性，简要论述了数字图书馆学的概念以及数字图书馆学研究的内容。 相似文献
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Rong Qu Yongyi Fang Wen Bai Yuncheng Jiang 《Information processing & management》2018,54(6):1002-1021
Computing Semantic Similarity (SS) between concepts is one of the most critical issues in many domains such as Natural Language Processing and Artificial Intelligence. Over the years, several SS measurement methods have been proposed by exploiting different knowledge resources. Wikipedia provides a large domain-independent encyclopedic repository and a semantic network for computing SS between concepts. Traditional feature-based measures rely on linear combinations of different properties with two main limitations, the insufficient information and the loss of semantic information. In this paper, we propose several hybrid SS measurement approaches by using the Information Content (IC) and features of concepts, which avoid the limitations introduced above. Considering integrating discrete properties into one component, we present two models of semantic representation, called CORM and CARM. Then, we compute SS based on these models and take the IC of categories as a supplement of SS measurement. The evaluation, based on several widely used benchmarks and a benchmark developed by ourselves, sustains the intuitions with respect to human judgments. In summary, our approaches are more efficient in determining SS between concepts and have a better human correlation than previous methods such as Word2Vec and NASARI. 相似文献
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“正比例意义”是小学数学教学中的重要内容,可以通过“创设情境,初步感知”、“自主探究,形成概念”、“抽象概括,建立模型”、“正反例证,明晰概念”、“回顾梳理,总结评价”和“课后延伸,拓展应用”一系列的教学过程,让学生在丰富有趣的学习材料中自主寻求知识,在实施教学过程中应力求学习内容生活化,让学生经历概念建构的过程,并让学生在知识的对比中学习,让学生在体验、感悟中增强对正比例概念最本质属性的认识和理解。 相似文献
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