共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Gerda Gemser Martine Van Oostrum Mark A. A. M. Leenders 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2007,31(1):43-63
Critics and their reviews can play an important role in consumer decision making in general, and film choice in particular.
In this study, we propose that consumers of art house movies are being led by film reviews when making a film choice (influence
effect), whereas consumers of mainstream movies are hypothesized to rely mainly on other sources of information. Thus, in
the latter case the review does not influence the moviegoer, but may still be a reflection of the ultimate success of the
movie (predictor effect). Using the Dutch film industry as our empirical setting, we study the effects of reviews on the opening
weekend and on the cumulative box office revenue. Our research shows that the number and size of film reviews in Dutch newspapers
directly influence the behavior of the art-movie-going public in their film choice. The number and size of film reviews of
mainstream movies, on the other hand, only predict movie performance.
相似文献
| Gerda GemserEmail: |
2.
Why has cultural economics ignored copyright? 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Ruth Towse 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2008,32(4):243-259
My stance is that copyright policy should be viewed as part of cultural policy; cultural economists have had a great deal
to say about subsidy and cultural policy but very little about copyright, though cultural economics is well placed to analyse
copyright as an incentive to creativity in the creative industries because of its understanding of cultural policy and of
artists’ labour markets. The article contrasts subsidy and copyright as policy tools and briefly discusses two current policy
problems in relation to copyright—regulating copyright collection societies and the so-called ‘copyright levy’—arguing that
these are the sort of issues cultural economists could (and should) be dealing with.
相似文献
| Ruth TowseEmail: |
3.
Timothy King 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2007,31(3):171-186
In a market characterized by a very large number of consumers, irregularly and infrequently choosing from a constantly changing
menu of possibilities, widely available impartial information and advice would be expected to make a significant impact on
demand. In the U.S. in 2003, however, there was zero correlation between critical ratings for films and gross box office earnings.
For movies released on more than 1,000 screens, critical ratings were indeed positively related to gross earnings, and, together
with production budgets and the number of opening screens, explained more than half the variance. But films with only limited
opening release received higher average ratings. This is especially the case for foreign movies and documentaries but also
true for American films, whose ratings, though positively related to the box office, seldom have enough influence to propel
a movie into later wide exhibition or high earnings.
相似文献
| Timothy KingEmail: |
4.
Previous literature has documented the impact of critics on audience choices of movies. We investigate three issues regarding professional critics in the motion picture industry. First we document whether and to what extent critics and their recommendations exhibit a statistical bias toward specific studios. We show that reviews by a number of critics are significantly affected by the film distributor’s identity. A second question is whether audiences are able to distinguish between biased and unbiased critics. We cannot support the view that audiences put less weight on the views of biased critics; in fact, they may listen to them more. Third, we try to characterize critics who are more prone to bias. Surprisingly, but in accord with reputation models, we find that more reputable critics may be more biased; in particular, critics based in L.A. tend to significantly prefer specific studios.
相似文献
| Suman BasuroyEmail: |
5.
The sales effect of word of mouth: a model for creative goods and estimates for novels 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Jonathan Beck 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2007,31(1):5-23
Weekly sales of creative goods—like music records, movies, or books—usually peak shortly after release and then decline quickly.
In many cases, however, they follow a hump-shaped pattern where sales increase for some time. A popular explanation for this
phenomenon is word of mouth among a population of heterogeneous buyers, but previous studies typically assume buyer homogeneity
or neglect word of mouth altogether. In this paper, I study a model of new-product diffusion with heterogeneous buyers that
allows for a quantification of the sales effect of word of mouth. The model includes Christmas sales as a special case. All
parameters have an intuitive interpretation. Simulation results suggest that the parameters are estimable for data that are
not too volatile and that cover a sufficiently large part of a title’s life cycle. I estimate the model for four exemplary
novels using scanner data on weekly sales.
相似文献
| Jonathan BeckEmail: |
6.
Sean F. Johnston 《Minerva》2009,47(1):51-73
The nuclear engineer emerged as a new form of recognised technical professional between 1940 and the early 1960s as nuclear
fission, the chain reaction and their applications were explored. The institutionalization of nuclear engineering—channelled
into new national laboratories and corporate design offices during the decade after the war, and hurried into academic venues
thereafter—proved unusually dependent on government definition and support. This paper contrasts the distinct histories of
the new discipline in the USA and UK (and, more briefly, Canada). In the segregated and influential environments of institutional
laboratories and factories, historical actors such as physicist Walter Zinn in the USA and industrial chemist Christopher
Hinton in the UK proved influential in shaping the roles and perceptions of nuclear specialists. More broadly, I argue that
the State-managed implantation of the new subject within further and higher education curricula was shaped strongly by distinct
political and economic contexts in which secrecy, postwar prestige and differing industrial cultures were decisive factors.
相似文献
| Sean F. JohnstonEmail: |
7.
Carlos A. Ulibarri 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2009,33(2):135-149
This paper applies a perpetual option-pricing model in examining historical returns on paintings. A key development of the
paper is formalizing a structural relationship between rational investment decisions and historical returns to art ownership.
In this regard the options’ framework yields choice-theoretic implications on the relationship among risk, convenience yields
from art ownership, and investor ‘hurdle prices’—prices triggering the purchase and sale of artworks at auction. The methodology
offers testable implications concerning the adjustment dynamics in the relationship between historical art returns and risk-free
yields. The implications are examined in a case study of paintings of major art schools using error correction methodology.
We find evidence of a long-run equilibrium relationship between painting types and risk-free bond yields, and some indication
of buyers and sellers preferring exchange environments not prone to “speculative resales.”
相似文献
| Carlos A. UlibarriEmail: |
8.
Using data on the ‘career’ paths of one thousand ‘leading scientists’ from 1450 to 1900, what is conventionally called the
‘rise of modern science’ is mapped as a changing geography of scientific practice in urban networks. Four distinctive networks
of scientific practice are identified. A primate network centred on Padua and central and northern Italy in the sixteenth
century expands across the Alps to become a polycentric network in the seventeenth century, which in turn dissipates into
a weak polycentric network in the eighteenth century. The nineteenth century marks a huge change of scale as a primate network
centred on Berlin and dominated by German-speaking universities. These geographies are interpreted as core-producing processes
in Wallerstein’s modern world-system; the rise of modern scientific practice is central to the development of structures of
knowledge that relate to, but do not mirror, material changes in the system.
相似文献
| David M. EvansEmail: |
9.
Christiane Hellmanzik 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2009,33(3):201-232
This paper is based on a global sample of the 214 most prominent modern visual artists born 1850–1945. Two analytical methods
are used to analyse the age at which artists produce their best works—one based on year-of-birth cohorts of modern visual
artists and the other on stylistic groups. The cohort-analysis shows that the career patterns develop similarly over time
for artists working in the USA and Europe; over time the artists’ peak ages first increase, reach their maximum for artists
born between 1890 and 1909, and then decrease again. The study of stylistic groups shows that artists associated with Fauvism,
the Nabis and Post-Impressionism experience an early peak, whereas artists associated with Surrealism, Impressionism, Abstract
Expressionism, Art Informel, Pop Art, Expressionism and Cubism peak later in their careers.
相似文献
| Christiane HellmanzikEmail: |
10.
Peder Anker 《Minerva》2007,45(4):417-434
Buckminster Fuller’s experiences in the Navy became a model for his ecological design projects and suggestions for the global
management of ‘Spaceship Earth’. Inspired by technocratic ideas of the 1930s, Fuller envisaged, in the 1970s, an elitist world
without politics, in which designers were at the helm, steering the planet out of its environmental crises.
相似文献
| Peder AnkerEmail: |
11.
This essay describes China’s participation in international science organizations during the past two decades. It argues that,
whilst progress has been made, serious problems remain. It concludes that increased attention to communication and exchange,
and the creation of a favourable international image in science and technology are important priorities for China.
相似文献
| Ang XuEmail: |
12.
Edgeir Benum 《Minerva》2007,45(4):365-387
This essay explores how the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and Norway became linked into a
science policy discourse that radiated throughout the developed world. Despite political differences, this discourse changed
forever the expectations by which Norway’s universities and its fundamental research institutions were to operate.
相似文献
| Edgeir BenumEmail: |
13.
For academic administrators, the management of research remains a matter more of hope than expectation. It has proved particularly
difficult to measure quality. Managers typically view research as an ‹asset’. This essay argues that it is more useful to
view research and its management as ‹process’, and explores the implications of doing so for managers and researchers alike.
相似文献
| Paul H. J. HendriksEmail: |
14.
The Governance of University Knowledge Transfer: A Critical Review of the Literature 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Universities have long been involved in knowledge transfer activities. Yet the last 30 years have seen major changes in the
governance of university–industry interactions. Knowledge transfer has become a strategic issue: as a source of funding for
university research and (rightly or wrongly) as a policy tool for economic development. Universities vary enormously in the
extent to which they promote and succeed in commercializing academic research. The identification of clear-cut models of governance
for university–industry interactions and knowledge transfer processes is not straightforward. The purpose of this article
is to critically discuss university knowledge transfer models and review the recent developments in the literature on research
collaborations, intellectual property rights and spin-offs, those forms of knowledge transfer that are more formalized and
have been institutionalized in recent years. The article also addresses the role played by university knowledge transfer organizations in promoting commercialization
of research results.
相似文献
| Alessandro MuscioEmail: Email: |
15.
In this article we present an empirical analysis of the ‘patterns of cultural choice’ in the musical domain in Italy. The
main goal of the article is to verify whether musical tastes in Italy are diversified, with the presence of a group of ‘cultural
omnivores’. Our study is based on the theoretical model of the demand for cultural goods proposed by Lévy-Garboua and Montmarquette
(1996). In the empirical analysis we simultaneously evaluate the probability of choosing different musical genres. Through the
specification of the set of alternatives into three groupings of musical genres —“only classical music”, “only popular music”
and “all music”—we were able to detect the relative impact of several socio-economic characteristics on the probability of
having “univorous” or “omnivorous” musical likings. In addition, our approach allows us to verify the existence of different
patterns of music consumption by testing the significance of differences among the estimated coefficients of the probability
functions related to the three groupings of musical genres. We find that age, gender and education are important predictors
of an omnivorous taste.
相似文献
| Carlofilippo FrateschiEmail: |
16.
Roy Macleod 《Minerva》2008,46(1):53-76
In 1925, A.J. Balfour, first Earl Balfour and author of the famous ‘Balfour Declaration’, attended the inauguration of the
Hebrew University in Jerusalem. His education and experience of foreign policy equipped him to take a prominent role. However,
the conditions of strife-torn Palestine weighed heavily upon him, and raised wider interests of imperial concern. This essay
recounts the circumstances leading to his visit, and suggests that, whatever the region’s political destiny, Balfour’s vision
of science-based economic development would play an essential role in crafting its future.
相似文献
| Roy MacleodEmail: |
17.
Despite the lack of a clear definition of the concept, “cultural diversity” has remained a core issue for more than a decade
(WTO, UNESCO, etc.). The aim of this paper is to begin to fill this gap. We argue that cultural diversity is a multi-dimensional
concept and that accurate metrics must rely on three criteria: variety, balance and disparity. We also stress that supplied
and consumed diversity have to be distinguished. We apply this set of multiple measures of diversity to publishing data for
France over the period 1990–2003. Our main result is that the situation of the publishing industry in terms of cultural diversity
is highly dependent on the dimension considered. Hence, diversity increases when variety is the sole consideration, whereas
taking balance or disparity into account leads to the opposite conclusion. This issue raises a series of questions about the
use of diversity measures in a policy debate concerned with furthering cultural diversity.
相似文献
| Stéphanie PeltierEmail: |
18.
Eun-Sung Kim 《Minerva》2008,46(4):463-484
This study explores the history of nanotechnology from the perspective of protein engineering, which differs from the history
of nanotechnology that has arisen from mechanical and materials engineering; it also demonstrates points of convergence between
the two. Focusing on directed evolution—an experimental system of molecular biomimetics that mimics nature as an inspiration
for material design—this study follows the emergence of an evolutionary experimental system from the 1960s to the present,
by detailing the material culture, practices, and techniques involved. Directed evolution, as an aspect of nanobiotechnology,
is also distinct from the dominant biotechnologies of the 20th century. The experimental systems of directed evolution produce
new ways of thinking about molecular diversity that could affect concepts concerning both biology and life.
Eun-Sung Kim is currently working at the Biotechnology Policy Research Center at the Korea Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology. His academic career has been built on risk, bioethics, and science studies associated with life science, biomedicine, and the environment. He has published in Science, Technology, and Human Values and New Genetics and Society. His current interest is in social and policy studies of technological convergence. 相似文献
| Eun-Sung KimEmail: |
Eun-Sung Kim is currently working at the Biotechnology Policy Research Center at the Korea Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology. His academic career has been built on risk, bioethics, and science studies associated with life science, biomedicine, and the environment. He has published in Science, Technology, and Human Values and New Genetics and Society. His current interest is in social and policy studies of technological convergence. 相似文献
19.
20.
Maria Rentetzi 《Minerva》2008,46(4):437-462
A fierce debate ensued after the announcement in 1913 in the U.S.A. that all rights and ownership of radium-bearing ores found
on public land would be reserved by the government. At stake was the State monopolization of radium that pitted powerful industrialists
with radium claims, mainly in the Colorado area, against the Bureau of Mines and prestigious physicians who wished to reserve
radium for medical uses. This article describes the strategies of one of the biggest U.S. radium industries that dominated
the radium market, created huge customer bases, and legitimized their role within the scientific community. In contrast to
the European “radium situation,” radium extraction, production, and marketing in the United States was controlled by the industry;
and industrial in-house research was clearly separate from that done in academic circles. The production of knowledge was
ready-made in the factory and was entangled with commercial orders and advertising patterns.
相似文献
| Maria RentetziEmail: |