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1.
This study investigated gender differences and similarities in the perceived social costs and importance of seeking emotional support regarding work‐related problems. Women perceived such emotional support to be significantly more important than did men. No gender differences were identified with respect to the perceived social costs associated with seeking emotional support from coworkers nor in the proportion of emotional support sources in the workplace. Women had significantly larger emotional support networks than did men, and they were more satisfied with their support networks than were men. 相似文献
2.
Daphna Yeshua-Katz 《Mass Communication and Society》2019,22(1):117-138
This study employed the uses and gratifications approach to examine the role of online support forums in coping with the stigma of childlessness in Israel. The study compared two online support groups: one for Israeli women with fertility issues and another for Israeli women who are voluntarily childless. A quantitative content analysis was used to examine the frequency of support message types, and in-depth interviews with group members were used to examine members’ motivations for seeking these support types. The origin of the childlessness stigma carried great influence in the search for social support. Fertility forum members searched significantly more for information and emotional support to cope with a condition they felt was being forced on them and that was also perceived by society. However, voluntarily childless forum members sought significantly more for esteem and network support to cope with the social isolation stemming from unfavorable views toward their reproductive choice. 相似文献
3.
Jerry L. Allen 《Communication Research Reports》2013,30(4):341-343
This study investigated the influence that social and emotional support have on attributional confidence in the brother‐brother relationship. Two‐hundred thirteen males reported on the relationship with their brother. Social support dimensions of relational support, interpersonal depth, relational conflict and emotional support were examined as a function of attributional confidence. Results indicated positive relationships between social support dimensions of relational support and interpersonal depth with attributional confidence. Relational conflict was negatively related to attributional confidence. No significant relationship between emotional support and attributional confidence was observed. 相似文献
4.
Brandi N. Frisby 《Communication Studies》2013,64(4):492-506
This study examined how emotional contagion may influence student perceptions of rapport with the instructor, emotional support received in the classroom, emotional work performed, and perceived cognitive learning. Participants revealed that emotional contagion was positively related to perceptions of rapport with instructors but unrelated to emotional support from instructors, emotional work performed in the classroom, and valence. Students who were high in emotional contagion reported significantly more rapport, emotional support, and positive valence. When controlling for emotional contagion, only classroom valence predicted students’ perceptions of cognitive learning. 相似文献
5.
Sex differences in social support in sororities and fraternities 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Michael S. Woodward Lawrence B. Rosenfeld Steven K. May 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2013,41(4):260-272
Abstract The purpose of this investigation was to assess differences between sorority and fraternity members with regard to the social support provided by the “sisters”; and “brothers”; with whom they live. Based on sex differences in communication in general, and the few findings of sex differences in social support, two research questions were posed: Do members of sororities and fraternities differ in the social support they provide? How do the various types of social support compare with each other within fraternities and within sororities? Differences found in this study corroborate results of research on sex differences in communication that characterize women as using communication to connect with, support, and achieve closeness with others, and men using communication to accomplish some task and to assert their individuality. In general, differences were mostly confined to two of the eight types of social support studied: members of sororities, in comparison to members of fraternities, reported being more satisfied with the emotional support they receive and perceiving greater availability of listening support. If the goal of fraternities and sororities is to provide their members with the full range of social support, then findings indicate members of fraternities could benefit from becoming more skillful at providing types of support that tend to promote closeness and connection (e.g., emotional support and listening support); and members of sororities could benefit from becoming more skillful at providing types of support that tend to create distance and separation (e.g., technical challenge support and emotional challenge support). 相似文献
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7.
Although computer-mediated support groups have been argued to be beneficial for individuals coping with health-related stigma, few studies have explored how communication processes may moderate perceptions of stigma and health outcomes. Increasing our understanding of the relationships among these variables may help to inform social support interventions for individuals facing stigmatized health issues. Drawing from the optimal matching model, the reported study examined the relationships among strong-tie/weak-tie support network preference and health-related stigma for stress and depression among members of health-related computer-mediated support groups. The results indicated that health-related stigma was positively associated with preference for weak-tie support, and preference for weak-tie support was found to moderate the relationship between stigma and both stress and depression. The implications of the findings for the role of on-line weak-tie network supportive relationships in reducing stigma and its application to developing support-focused health interventions and segmenting potential intervention participants are discussed. 相似文献
8.
Face-ism describes a phenomenon in which men are presented with more facial prominence in images than are women. Previous theorists have ascribed this phenomenon to social causes. However, occurrence of face-ism across historical and cultural contexts suggests the possibility of biological influence. The current study aimed to explore face-ism through the intersection of social influence and biological factors via the investigation of photographs of women of different ages and social standing within the context of academia. Results show that graduate students displayed the face less prominently than both tenured and nontenured faculty. Additionally, younger women displayed the face less prominently than older women. 相似文献
9.
Colter D. Ray Kory Floyd Paul A. Mongeau Lauren Mark Kevin N. Shufford Lucy Niess 《Communication Research Reports》2019,36(1):57-66
Emotional support is often conveyed to people with cancer; however, not all support messages are effective, leading some potential supporters to fear appearing incompetent when communicating support. Additionally, nonverbal behaviors, such as vocal fluency, pitch variety, eye contact, and conveying concern, have previously been associated with support recipients’ outcomes and perceptions of speaker competence. This experiment determines whether these nonverbal behaviors can be increased through message planning. Participants were randomly assigned to either a planning condition or a distraction task condition before recording emotional support messages for a friend hypothetically diagnosed with cancer. Results showed that planners spoke with significantly more vocal fluency and conveyed significantly more nonverbal concern than nonplanners. Planners also used more eye contact and pitch variety than nonplanners, but these differences were not statistically significant. Results suggest that planning may improve some nonverbal aspects of communicating support, which may in turn improve perceptions of supporters’ competence. 相似文献
10.
[目的/意义] 研究职业女性网络健康信息搜寻行为，探明其影响因素，有助于健康信息平台为职业女性提供有针对性的信息服务，满足职业女性的健康信息需求。[方法/过程] 以压力应对理论和技术接受模型为理论基础，构建网络健康信息搜寻行为影响因素模型，考虑社会支持对压力作用的调节效应，以职业女性为研究对象，通过问卷调研和结构方程建模进行实证研究。[结果/结论] 研究结果显示，职业女性所面临的工作压力、家庭压力和生理压力会使女性产生焦虑情绪，从而促使她们进行网络健康信息的搜寻。同时，网络的有用性和易用性也决定了职业女性的网络健康信息搜寻行为。值得注意的是，我们发现社会支持不仅没有缓解各压力带来的影响，反而会加剧压力，尤其是生理压力的影响。 相似文献
11.
Sandi W. Smith Merry Morash Brandon Walling Elizabeth A. Adams Amanda J. Holmstrom 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2013,41(3):344-363
Supervising agents serve as sources of social support for over one million women in the US on probation and parole who strive to avoid recidivism. Little is known about the supportive messages agents intend to provide their female clients or their precursors. The optimal matching model of social support is used in an investigation of the precursors to agents’ intent to send different types of social support messages to the women they supervise. Results indicated that supervising agents intended to provide informational support in the form of suggestions or advice, esteem support in the form of compliments, and emotional support in the form of encouragement to the women. Both agent communication pattern and offender level variables were precursors to the intent to send informational support messages, but only agent communication pattern variables predicted the intent to send emotional support messages. 相似文献
12.
Jennifer L. Peterson 《Communication Studies》2013,64(5):526-541
Over the past decade, improved treatments have helped people with AIDS enjoy a state of restored health and greater hope for long-term survival. Because of these changes, social support is an even more important resource for those battling HIV/AIDS. One source for social support is a support group, which offers social and emotional resources to meet the needs of its members. The online support group investigated in this study serves gay men with HIV/AIDS and requires that they talk only about positive aspects of life. To understand the implications this rule has for support processes, a thematic analysis was conducted to determine how this group constructs social support. Rules and resources aimed at the group goal of positivity help develop a unique speech community. Implications for social support, support groups, and the Internet are discussed. 相似文献
13.
目的是调查女性馆员的心理应激状况,找出女性馆员应激源,重塑女性馆员积极的应对方式。方法：采用自编应激事件调查量表和应对方式问卷,将同类学校38名女性馆员与43名女性教师进行测量对比,计算各因素得分并分析其心理应激源。结果：女性馆员与女性教师的心理应激状况存在显著差异（p〈0.05,P：即概率。当P小于0.05时就可以判断研究中给出的结论是比较可靠的。）,并且随着年龄的增长心理应激逐渐增高;女性馆员的心理应激源主要为个人成就、家庭问题,特别突出的是社会支持系统。结论：我们应采取积极的应对方式,帮助女性馆员摆脱个人成就、社会支持及家庭问题等应激源,保护她们的身心健康。 相似文献
14.
The current study examined the interpersonal coordination of nonverbal immediacy behaviors in the emotional support process. Participants (N = 216) disclosed a distressing event to a confederate who was trained to exhibit emotional support that varied in high, moderate, or low nonverbal immediacy. After the 5-minute conversation, participants evaluated the confederate on several scales. Trained coders coded 10 immediacy cues of confederates and participants. Results indicated that participants tended to match confederates, regardless of the immediacy condition. Perceived liking for the helper did not moderate immediacy matching and exerted only a main effect on confederate immediacy; participants reported liking better highly immediate helpers than either moderately immediate or nonimmediate helpers. The study also generated several sex differences, such that, with the exception of eye contact, women tended to match confederates more than did men. 相似文献
15.
Cognitive-experiential self-theory suggests that individuals with different thinking styles may respond differently to various forms of support during times of stress or difficulty. This possibility was examined in an experiment in which 365 participants read a hypothetical scenario in which they were experiencing a problematic situation, and a friend offered one of three forms of support (advice, emotional support, or emotional support plus advice). The results of the study indicated that highly rational participants tended to respond to advice more positively than less rational participants. In addition, highly experiential participants tended to rate emotional support as higher in quality than less experiential participants. 相似文献
16.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(4):511-534
The study reported here explored the social dimension of health-related blogs by examining blogging as a means to marshal social support and, as a result, achieve some of the health benefits associated with supportive communication. A total of 121 individuals who author a blog dedicated to their experience living with a specific health condition completed the study questionnaire. The number of blog posts made by respondents and proportion of posts with reader comments were positively associated with perceived social support from blog readers. The relationship between blog reader support and two outcomes related to well-being depended upon the support available in bloggers' strong-tie relationships with family and friends. Consistent with the social compensation (i.e., “poor get richer”) perspective, blog reader support was negatively associated with loneliness and positively associated with personal growth when support in strong-tie relationships was relatively lacking. 相似文献
17.
A review of the emotional support and social support literature indicates a paucity of instruments which directly measure the phenomena of interest. While many have utilized assessments of “strong” or “weak” links between relational partners, they have not examined the communication modalities specifically. They have also tended to view emotional support as a unilateral product of a source or receiver rather than a product of communicative interactions. In order to examine support more carefully, a unidimensional instrument was developed to measure the communication of emotional support in relationships. As tests of convergent validity, it was suggested that perceptions of emotional support will be positively correlated to perceptions of relational solidarity and relational quality. The final instrument consisted of 13 communication based items with high reliability and evidence of internal, face, and convergent validity. 相似文献
18.
The current study explored emotional distress and comforting messages from a receiver's perspective. This approach differs from most comforting research, which focuses on the sender's ability to provide comfort. After reading a scenario that depicted a major distressing event or a daily distressing event, subjects selected the Burleson and Samter (1985) comforting strategy that would most alleviate their emotional distress. In an attempt to explain a subject's perceptions of comforting, attachment styles, likelihood of seeking support, and level of emotional discomfort were also assessed. Results indicated that subjects desired a mid‐level comforting response regardless of whether they were distressed over a daily event or major event. This result is counter to the sender oriented comforting research, which suggests that providing higher‐level comforting responses is optimal. Subjects in the death scenario were more upset by the event and more likely to seek social support. Secure attachment subjects desired a significantly higher‐level comforting message than anxious/ambivalent and avoidant individuals. Additionally, females desired a higher level comforting response, were more likely to be upset by the distress, and were more likely to seek support than males. 相似文献
19.
This investigation explored the impact of relational uncertainty and its correlates (i.e., attraction and romantic intent) on cognitive, communicative, and behavioral outcomes in cross-sex friendships. Participants included 352 people who reported on a current cross-sex friendship. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that social attraction increased relational satisfaction while relational uncertainty decreased relational satisfaction. Further, social attraction decreased topic avoidance while romantic intent and relational uncertainty increased topic avoidance. Finally, social attraction increased the use of relationship talk, routine contact and activity, and emotional support maintenance behaviors, while relational uncertainty decreased the use of these maintenance behaviors. This study provides researchers with a starting point for understanding the consequences associated with interpersonal attraction, romantic intent, and relational uncertainty in cross-sex friendships. 相似文献
20.
Lisa K. Hanasono Brant R. Burleson Amanda J. Holmstrom Jessica Rack Jennifer D. McCullough 《Communication Research Reports》2013,30(3):254-265
Perceived support availability (PSA), a general belief about the likelihood that social support will be available when needed, is associated with numerous processes and outcomes of supportive communication. Currently, however, there is little understanding of the factors that contribute to this belief. Numerous studies have reported gender differences in PSA, with women generally indicating that they see support as more available than do men; in turn, gender differences in PSA have been cited to explain gender differences in the production and interpretation of supportive messages. In an effort to explain gender differences in PSA and, more broadly, understand the social-cognitive factors that contribute to individual differences in PSA, this article proposes and reports a test of a theoretical model that treats PSA as the outcome of the availability and accessibility of cognitive schemata for construing social situations. Participants (150 men and 271 women) completed instruments providing assessments of PSA, construct availability (cognitive complexity), and construct accessibility (expressive and instrumental orientations). Bootstrap procedures for the simultaneous assessment of multiple mediators found that construct accessibility generally was a stronger mediator of gender differences in PSA than construct availability. However, a cooperative suppression effect was found for 1 index of construct accessibility, complicating the interpretation of mediation effects. 相似文献