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1.
This study investigated the relationship of both phonemic and musical sound discrimination to reading ability in children in their first year at school. Awareness to changes in pitch and timbre of musical stimuli was assessed using a specially designed test of musical ability. Tests of phonemic awareness and of reading performance were also administered, with particular emphasis on ability at employing phonic skills in reading. The results support the hypothesis that discrimination of musical sounds is related to reading performance, but reveal that the influential factor in this relationship is a specific awareness of pitch changes. 相似文献
2.
In order to command a foreign language, it requires a balanced development in listening, speaking, reading and writing,which are four essential skills of language competence. Listening is not only a vital approach to acquire language, but also an important way to communicate with others in our daily life. The Task-based Approach(TBA) focuses on the specific task, which is the learning motivation. The process of finishing the task is the process of learning. The teaching result is judged by the task performed or not. This research discusses the application of TBA in English Listening Teaching at Middle Schools in order to improve the students listening ability. In the first part, the author introduces the background and significance of the research. In the second part, it states the definition of listening comprehension, the characteristics of listening process, three models of listening processing. In the third part, it introduces the definition of Task, characteristics of task, and the principles of designing a task. Finally, it introduces the Task-based Approach. In the fourth part, discusses the current situation of English teaching at middle school,and the elaboration on the task-based model of English listening teaching. All in all, the research is to make the audience to understand the application of Task-based Approach in English listening teaching at middle schools so as to improve the students' English listening ability. 相似文献
3.
This longitudinal study examined gender differences in motivation and the role of reading prerequisites, that is phonemic and comprehension skills, in the formation of motivational tendencies from kindergarten up to grade 1. The longitudinal sample consisted of 157 Finnish-speaking children. Teachers rated children's adaptive goals, (i.e. task orientation and social dependence orientation) at four points of time, kindergarten-spring, preschool-fall, preschool-spring and in the fall of grade 1. Children's phonemic awareness and language comprehension skills were assessed in kindergarten at the initiation of the study (i.e. initial phoneme identification, rhyming, writing of the alphabet, listening and instruction comprehension). Word reading and reading comprehension skills were assessed at the end of grade 1 in the three groups of children at risk for reading failure and in children with high reading prerequisites. The results showed that gender and early phonemic and language comprehension differences were associated with divergent motivational-developmental trajectories. Children with low phonemic or low language comprehension skill showed higher social dependence and lower task orientation over time than children with high initial reading prerequisites. In particular, boys with low reading prerequisites underwent a negative motivational change. The group of children who had poor phonemic and poor language comprehension skills showed most unfavorable development of motivation and reading. Findings concerning motivational trajectories are discussed with regard to the lack of fit between child's competence and curriculum demands. 相似文献
4.
听力是语言习得的一项基本技能,是语言学习的一个重要组成部分,在二语或外语学习中至关重要。策略的使用有助于二语学习者提高学习能力并加速第二语言的学习过程。本研究就大学英语听力教学中策略指导的效用展开分析,研究结果表明,听力策略中文指导组的表现比听力策略英语指导组和无听力策略指导组更好,取得了显著效果,这进一步表明听力策略一语教学是最有效的听力技能培训与支持手段,它对学习者二语听力能力的发展有着重要意义。 相似文献
5.
Yuuko Uchikoshi 《Reading and writing》2013,26(6):913-939
In this paper, first language (L1) and second language (L2) oral language and word reading skills were used as predictors to devise a model of reading comprehension in young Cantonese-speaking English language learners (ELLs) in the United States. L1 and L2 language and literacy measures were collected from a total of 101 Cantonese-speaking ELLs during the early spring of second grade. Results show that English vocabulary and English word decoding, as measured with real and nonsense words, played significant roles in English reading comprehension. In particular, results highlight the crucial role of English vocabulary in the development of L2 English literacy skills. English listening comprehension did not predict English reading comprehension. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. 相似文献
6.
The modern language teaching theory highly emphasizes the effect of"listening"on the learning and the use of language. The teaching of English listening is not only a teaching of language, but also a kind of training of ability. In the four skills of listening, writing, reading and speaking, listening is considered as the basic, and the most important skill. It isn't only the main way of acquiring language information, but the base of improving other skills. Listening practice is especially important in classrooms where English is taught as a foreign language, that is, in situations where English is not the language of the country and where opportunities for hearing English outside the classroom are few. Students in such environments often learn to read and write English, and even to speak English, but they frequently have great difficulty comprehending English spoken to them.Plenty of Chinese students claim that the listening test is the most difficult part of English test. As a result, teachers should take particular pains to avoid such simplification and to provide opportunities for students to hear the kind of language that will prepare them for situations outside the classroom. Teachers should try to anticipate the kind of English the students will hear when the opportunity arises for them to be in an English-speaking country. In this article, I start with the factors which may exert an influence on listening comprehension, shows ways to improve listening comprehension and design some useful activities in the class. And I also focus on the activities of English listening teaching and insist that the activities should be both emphasized on the process of listening and the result of listening, due to different situations. 相似文献
7.
《Scientific Studies of Reading》2013,17(2):77-100
In this study, 91 Finnish-speaking preschoolers (ranging in age from 6.4 to 7.4 years) were tested by using 2 structural equation models. None of the participants had entered school at the time of the study because the age of school entry in Finland is 7 years. The structural equation models were built particularly to examine the connections between children's reading abilities and their phonological skills. The main results of this study show that, in a very transparent language such as Finnish, the model that emphasized sensitivity to the phonological structure of the word as the prerequisite for learning to read fit our data well. The other model, which was likewise theoretically and statistically quite accessible, implied, by contrast, the reciprocity between learning to read and the emergence of phonemic awareness. The results of this study suggest that skills related to reading at preschool age are in many respects the same and have the same relations in a transparent language such as Finnish as they do in English. However, there also seem to be differences, especially in the relations between phonemic awareness skills and reading that may be language specific and require further investigation. 相似文献
8.
赵海霞 《太原大学教育学院学报》2011,29(1):42-44
随着时代的发展和进步,英语作为一种通用语在贸易往来和文化交流过程中发挥着不可替代的作用。掌握好英语这种交际工具,对学生将来的发展有着深远的影响。听力教学既是一种语言教学,也是一种技能的培养。在听、说、读、写四项技能中,听是最基础、最重要的技能。它不仅是获取语言信息的主要途径,还是提高其他技能的基础。许多中国学生认为听力能力的测试是所有测试中最难的部分。文章从高职高专学生的听力教学现状出发,分析影响听力能力的因素,并提出了提高学生听力能力的一些策略。 相似文献
9.
10.
听力课是学生普遍感到学习困难的一门课,因为听力不只是单纯“听”的过程,而是一个综合运用语言技能的过程。针对学习中常见的听力问题,结合教学实际,探讨听力的训练方法及考试中的解题技巧,对英语听力基础薄弱的学生将会有所帮助。 相似文献
11.
刘川 《九江职业技术学院学报》2013,(4):44-45
听力是英语教学的最重要技能之一,在很大程度上它影响着英语综合水平的高低。然而,在水平考试中学生的听力成绩往往不尽如人意。影响听力水平的因素主要包括语言与非语言因素。因此,在教学过程中,英语教师和学习者应该掌握一定的技巧并会灵活使用这些策略和技巧;增强文化意识,扩大知识面;充分利用第二课堂;培养良好的听力心理素质;进行行动研究。 相似文献
12.
尚俊芳 《邢台职业技术学院学报》2010,27(6):28-29,34
语言学习的重要目的是交际。在信息剧增、国际交际日益频繁的今天,英语作为一种语言工具,其听力技能的掌握不仅是英语测试的需要,更是英语知识的实际运用和英语综合能力的体现。英语听力水平的不断提高对促进学生其它各项英语能力的发展具有重要意义。鉴于此,在英语教学中,教师应该根据学生的实际情况采用合理的听力练习方法和制定科学的听力学习策略。 相似文献
13.
任务型语言教学法是一种基于任务或以任务为基础的语言教学途径。任务型听力教学强调学生语言能力的培养,注重学生的学习策略、创新精神和实践能力,帮助第二语言习得和记忆。从分析英语听力教学中存在的问题入手,探讨在英语听力教学中实施任务型语言教学法的方法及效果,以期为英语听力课教师及研究者提供实证参考。 相似文献
14.
D P Hurford 《Journal of learning disabilities》1990,23(9):564-569
The present study examined the possibility that phonemic discrimination training could improve the phonemic segmentation ability of children with reading disabilities. Half of the 32 children with reading disabilities (14 male and 4 female second graders and 10 male and 4 female third graders, with mean ages of 99.2 and 109.7 months, respectively) deficient in phonemic segmentation skills were assigned to the training group, while the other half acted as a nontrained control group. The trained children were successful at significantly improving their performance on the phonemic segmentation task. The control group made no improvement. Requiring children with reading disabilities to make discriminations concerning phonemic information may have helped them discover properties of the phoneme that they previously did not know. 相似文献
15.
The utility of Chinese tone processing skill in detecting children with English reading disabilities
The utility of Chinese tone processing skill in detecting children with English reading difficulties was examined through differences in a Chinese tone experimental task between a group of native English‐speaking children with reading disabilities (RD) and a comparison group of children with normal reading development (NRD). General auditory processing, English phonemic processing and English reading skills were also tested. We found differences between groups in Chinese tone processing skill, as well as general auditory processing and English phonemic skills. The RD group was significantly poorer than NRD on tasks of Chinese tone, phonemic and frequency modulated (FM) tone processing. Another finding was a different pattern of relationship between RD and NRD groups in Chinese tone, phonemic and FM tone processing as predictors of reading skills. For children with RD, FM tone processing was a significant predictor of pseudoword reading; for NRD, phonemic and Chinese tone processing skills predicted real word reading. These findings contribute to improved understanding of the roles of general auditory processing and phonological processing skills in RD, with implications for assessment and intervention with children who have English reading difficulties. 相似文献
16.
Richard L. Sparks Jon Patton Leonore Ganschow Nancy Humbach 《Reading and writing》2012,25(7):1599-1634
Authors examined the relationship between individual differences in L1 print exposure and differences in early L1 skills and later L2 aptitude, L2 proficiency, and L2 classroom achievement. Participants were administered measures of L1 word decoding, spelling, phonemic awareness, reading comprehension, receptive vocabulary, and listening comprehension in 1?C5th grades, and then followed into 9?C10th grades where measures of L2 aptitude, L2 proficiency, and L1 print exposure were administered. Students?? responses on the L1 print exposure measure were used to divide them into High, Average, and Low Print groups. Findings showed significant differences between the High versus Low Print groups on all L1 skill measures, L2 aptitude and L2 proficiency tests, and L2 classroom achievement after controlling for IQ. L1 skill differences between the groups emerged as early as 1st grade. L1 phonemic awareness, L1 word decoding, and L1 spelling measures were the best discriminators of L1 print exposure among the three groups. Results suggest that early success in L1 reading and reading volume prior to L2 study may be related to differences in L2 aptitude, L2 proficiency, and L2 achievement several years later. 相似文献
17.
程艳 《佳木斯教育学院学报》2012,(5):266-267
众所周之,听力是中学生英语学习的必备能力之一。尽管高考英语卷中听力只是作为参考分值,但是依旧占有中考1/6分值,并且依旧是学生英语学习的一个重要组成部分,可见我们还得抓紧,并且把听力训练落实到位。于我们的学生而言,英语学习是一种非母语学习,因为这种学习是没有外部学习环境支持的,所以就要求学生在学习英语时必须不断激发学习的自主性;了解听力测试的特点,掌握一定的技巧,才会对听力的提高起到事半功倍的作用。 相似文献
18.
对取消高考英语听力测试题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
楚慧杰 《沙洋师范高等专科学校学报》2009,10(3):34-36
从2005年起,浙江、陕西等省,陆续取消了高考英语听力测试,这将十分不利于学生全面地掌握语言技能,不利于奠定学生终身学习英语的良好基础。通过对此举进行反思,探讨高考英语听力测试存在的合理性,并提出建议,可为高考英语改革提供启示。 相似文献
19.
Whether the simple view of reading (SVR) as incorporated in the componential model of reading (CMR) is applicable to other orthographies than English was explored in this study. Spanish, with transparent orthography and Chinese, with opaque orthography were selected because of their diverse characteristics. The first part reports a study of students from grades 2 and 3, whose home language and medium of instruction was Spanish, and were administered tests of decoding, listening, and reading comprehension. A comparison group of 49 children from Grade 2, 54 children from Grade 3, and 55 children from Grade 4, whose home language and instruction was English, were also administered tests of decoding, listening, and reading comprehension. Multiple regression analysis showed that approximately 60% of the variance in reading comprehension of Spanish participants and 50% of the variance in reading comprehension of English participants were explained by decoding and listening comprehension. Furthermore, the performance of third grade Spanish participants resembled that of fourth grade English-speaking participants. In the second study, 102 Chinese students from Grade 2 and 106 students from Grade 4 were administered tasks of Chinese character recognition, reading fluency, listening, and reading comprehension. Multiple regression analyses showed character recognition and listening comprehension accounted for 25% and 42% of the variance in Chinese reading comprehension at Grades 2 and 4 respectively. These results indicate that the simple view of reading is applicable to writing systems other than that of English. 相似文献
20.
《Assessing Writing》2008,13(2):130-149
The present study interviewed 16 international students (13 from Mainland China and 3 from Taiwan) in a Canadian university to explore their perceptions and experiences of two standardized English writing tests: the TWE (Test of Written English) and the essay task in LPI (English Language Proficiency Index). In Western Canada, TWE is used as an entrance test for international students who speak English as a second/foreign language (ESL/EFL) whereas LPI is required, in many post-secondary institutions, for all incoming ESL/EFL students and some native-English-speaking students whose final English mark from high school is below a certain level. As international students, all participants in the study passed TWE but many took LPI repeatedly before passing it. At the time of the interviews, five still had not passed LPI. Relevant findings illustrate that many participants passed TWE by relying on memorization of writing samples whereas they failed LPI because they lacked skills in constructing their own texts. The participants’ complaints about culturally biased essay prompts in LPI and a lack of understanding of what is expected of LPI also raise questions about the validity of the test from the students’ perspectives. The study generates pedagogical implications for standardized writing tests involving ESL undergraduates from various cultural backgrounds. 相似文献