共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Leaf senescence is often caused by water deficit and the chimeric gene PSA612-1PT is an auto-regulated gene delaying leaf senescence. Using in vitro leaf discs culture system, the changes of contents of chlorophylls, carotenoids, soluble protein and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance （TBARS） and antioxidant enzymes activities were investigated during leaf senescence of PSA612-1PT modified gerbera induced by osmotic stress compared with the control plant （wild type）. Leaf discs were incubated in 20%, 40% （w/v） polyethylene glycol （PEG） 6 000 nutrient solution for 20 h under continuous light [ 130 μmol/（m^2·s）]. The results showed that the contents of chlorophylls, carotenoids and soluble protein were decreased by osmotic stress with the decrease being more pronounced at 40% PEG, but that, at the same PEG concentration the decrease in the transgenic plants was significantly lower than that in the control plant. The activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalases （CAT）, ascorbate peroxidase （APX）, guaiacol peroxidase （GPX） and dehydroascorbate reductase （DHAR） were stimulated by PEG treatment. However, the increases were higher in PSA612-IPT transgenic plants than in the control plants, particularly at 40% PEG treatment. Lipid peroxidation （TBARS content） was increased by PEG treatment with the increase being much lower in transgenic plant than in the control plant. It could be concluded that the increases in the activities ofantioxidant enzymes including SOD, CAT, APX, GPX and DHAR were responsible for the delay of leaf senescence induced by osmotic stress. 相似文献
2.
The development of edible coatings has been lauded with respect to their safety and effectiveness. In this study, we researched the effects of edible coatings (2% CaCl2, 1% chitosan and 1% pullulan) on the nutrient content and antioxidant abilities of jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Miller cv. Dongzao). Using the new analysis technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), we evaluated the effects of these coatings. Compared with the control fruit group, test results showed that coating treatment significantly delayed fruit senescence. Specifically, CaCl2 treatment not only maintained fruit storage quality and antioxidant activity but also restrained the production and accumulation of malondialdehyde in jujube. Chitosan treatment delayed decreases in secondary metabolites and superoxide dismutase and catalase activity. Pullulan coatings performed better in terms of proanthocyanidin and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). We also used TOPSIS to evaluate the preservation effect of different film coatings and found 2% CaCl2 to be the best treatment for jujube, followed by 1% chitosan and 1% pullulan. Based on the appropriate materials and concentration of the film coatings, edible coatings have the potential to retain the quality and antioxidant capacity of the Chinese jujube cv. Dongzao. 相似文献
3.
中华猕猴桃果实成熟过程中膜脂过氧化变化研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究中华猕猴桃果实成熟过程中脂过氧化的变化，结果表明：MDA含量呈上升趋势，SOD、Vc含量呈下降趋势。SOD、POD酶活性出现二次高峰，SOD、POD活性第一次峰出现时，果实内MDA含量下降；第二次峰出现时MDA含量变化不大，两品种比较，果实内Vc含量高，膜脂过氧化水平低时，果实成熟慢。 相似文献
4.
Qian-nan Diao Yong-jun Song Dong-mei Shi Hong-yan Qi 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2016,17(12):916-930
Polyamines (PAs) and nitric oxide (NO) are vital signals in modulating plant response to abiotic stress. However, to our knowledge, studies on the relationship between NO and PAs in response to cold stress in tomato are limited. Accordingly, in this study, we investigated the effects of putrescine (Put) and spermidine (Spd) on NO generation and the function of Spd-induced NO in the tolerance of tomato seedling under chilling stress. Spd increased NO release via the nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-like and nitrate reductase (NR) enzymatic pathways in the seedlings, whereas Put had no such effect. Moreover, H2O2 might act as an upstream signal to stimulate NO production. Both exogenous NO donor (sodium nitroprusside (SNP)) and Spd enhanced chilling tolerance in tomato, thereby protecting the photosynthetic system from damage. Compared to chilling treatment alone, Spd enhanced the gene expressions of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and their enzyme activities in tomato leaves. However, a scavenger or inhibitor of NO abolished Spd-induced chilling tolerance and blocked the increased expression and activity due to Spd of these antioxidant enzymes in tomato leaves under chilling stress. The results showed that NO induced by Spd plays a crucial role in tomato’s response to chilling stress. 相似文献
5.
以蚕豆叶片为试材,对其进行黑暗诱导衰老,研究了三唑酮处理对蚕豆离体叶片过氧化物酶（POD）、超氧化歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性的影响．结果显示,在蚕豆离体叶片衰老过程中,POD活性不断升高,特别是在48h之前十分明显,SOD,CAT活性在48h之前上升,然后有所下降;经三唑酮处理蚕豆离体叶片,三种抗氧化酶活性在处理的前期上升速率明显加快,而且维持上升的时间更长．在整过处理过程中三种抗氧化酶活性均远高于对照组．表明三唑酮处理蚕豆离体叶片后,可以通过提高并维持三种抗氧化酶的活性,增强蚕豆叶片抗氧化能力,进而延缓其衰老进程． 相似文献
6.
Response to temperature stress of reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes in the cross-tolerance of barley seed germination 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A number of studies have shown the existence of cross-tolerance in plants, but the physiological mechanism is poorly understood.
In this study, we used the germination of barley seeds as a system to investigate the cross-tolerance of low-temperature pretreatment
to high-temperature stress and the possible involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes in the cross-tolerance.
After pretreatment at 0 °C for different periods of time, barley seeds were germinated at 35 °C, and the content of malondialdehyde
(MDA) and the activities of ROS scavenging enzymes were measured by a spectrophotometer analysis. The results showed that
barley seed germinated very poorly at 35 °C, and this inhibitive effect could be overcome by pretreatment at 0 °C. The MDA
content varied, depending on the temperature at which seeds germinated, while barley seeds pretreated at 0 °C did not change
the MDA content. Compared with seeds germinated directly at 35 °C, the seeds pretreated first at 0 °C and then germinated
at 35 °C had markedly increased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), and
glutathione reductase (GR). The SOD and APX activities of seeds germinated at 35 °C after 0 °C-pretreatment were even substantially
higher than those at 25 °C, and GR activity was similar to that at 25 °C, at which the highest germination performance of
barley seeds was achieved. These results indicate that low-temperature pretreatment can markedly increase the tolerance of
barley seed to high temperature during germination, this being related to the increase in ROS scavenging enzyme activity.
This may provide a new method for increasing seed germination under stress environments, and may be an excellent model system
for the study of cross-tolerance. 相似文献
7.
非洲菊切花衰老相关的生理指标变化与花瓣电镜扫描观察 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
测定了非洲菊花瓣自然衰老过程中几个与衰老相关的生理指标变化,并对花瓣进行了扫描电镜观察.结果显示,花径和鲜重、可溶性蛋白含量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性表现为前3d上升然后下降,游离脯氨酸、丙二醛（MDA）含量和细胞膜透性均表现为持续升高;花瓣上下表面条纹状皱褶弯曲程度逐渐增加,第5d开始严重弯曲,下表面气孔由张开逐渐关闭,第5d完全关闭并开始塌陷变形.表明花瓣上下表面的皱褶弯曲程度以及气孔开度与切花衰老指标变化正相关,且生理指标的衰老要早于形态变化2d左右. 相似文献
8.
《天津大学学报(英文版)》2017,(1)
The development of edible coatings has been lauded with respect to their safety and effectiveness.In this study,we researched the effects of edible coatings(2%CaCl_2,1%chitosan and 1%pullulan) on the nutrient content and antioxidant abilities of jujube(Zizyphus jujuba Miller cv.Dongzao).Using the new analysis technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS),we evaluated the effects of these coatings.Compared with the control fruit group,test results showed that coating treatment significantly delayed fruit senescence.Specifically,CaCl_2 treatment not only maintained fruit storage quality and antioxidant activity but also restrained the production and accumulation of malondialdehyde in jujube.Chitosan treatment delayed decreases in secondary metabolites and superoxide dismutase and catalase activity.Pullulan coatings performed better in terms of proanthocyanidin and cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP).We also used TOPSIS to evaluate the preservation effect of different film coatings and found 2%CaCl_2 to be the best treatment for jujube,followed by 1%chitosan and 1%pullulan.Based on the appropriate materials and concentration of the film coatings,edible coatings have the potential to retain the quality and antioxidant capacity of the Chinese jujube cv.Dongzao. 相似文献
9.
测定了经空间飞行处理和地面存留的番茄种子（ESE、EBS）和幼苗中活性氧代谢的某些指标．结果表明，SES和EBS之间的活性氧代谢存在明显的差异．SES可溶性蛋白质含量和SOD活性高于EBS．SES及其幼苗表现出比EBS较强的代谢强度，在萌发的起始阶段尤其如此．SES幼苗中的SOD活性和SES活性高于EBS，而MDA含量和产生速率比EBS低得多．以上结果提示，SES中保卫酶系统活性的增加，对于促进种子吸胀和萌发阶段膜结构的修复，维持膜结构的完整性以致提高种子的活力可能具有重要的意义． 相似文献
10.
通过静态模拟实验．比较研究了不同NP水平培养的金鱼（Ceracophyllum demersum）的茎解剖结构、植株NP含量、过氧化物酶（POD）、超氧化物酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和丙二醛（MDA）含量变化。研究发现,随N,P浓度的增加,金鱼藻茎的组织结构紊乱,出现空洞;茎叶中NP含量随N,P浓度的增加而增加;过氧化物酶、超氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶及丙二醛含量均随N,P浓度的增加而上升。丙二醛含量均随时间延长而上升,POD@SOD,4性随时间变化呈先上升后下降的趋势。CAT活性随时间延伸上升。 相似文献
11.
不同浓度铅处理对桐花树叶片生理指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以红树植物桐花树2a生龄苗为试验材料,采用淡水水培法研究了不同浓度Pb2+(0 mg/L(对照组)、10mg/L、25 mg/L、50 mg/L、100 mg/L、300mg/L、500 mg/L)对桐花树叶片的超氧负离子(O2-)、丙二醛(MDA)含量、过氧化物酶(POD)与超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、蛋白质以及可溶性总糖量含量的影响.结果表明:随着Pb2+浓度的升高,桐花树叶片中O2-和MDA含量均呈上升趋势,且均显著高于对照,最高值范围是在Pb2+浓度100～500mg/L;而蛋白质含量和POD的活性则呈下降趋势,且均显著低于对照.SOD活性在铅胁迫浓度为10 mg/L时达到最大,当高于10mg/L时,则随Pb2+浓度的升高而下降.可溶性糖含量在Pb2+浓度为0～300 mg/L时,随Pb2+浓度的升高而显著增大.试验表明:桐花树叶片在浓度为10～100mg/L铅处理下,可以通过自身的内在调控抵御铅污染,即轻度的铅污染有利于桐花树的生长;在300～500mg/L高浓度铅胁迫下,各种生理指标出现衰减,显示高浓度铅胁迫的抑制效应,不利于桐花树生长. 相似文献
12.
杂交水稻叶片衰老与膜脂过氧化作用的关系 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
杂交水稻汕优63主茎在抽穗后10d，其叶片自上而下表现出叶绿素和蛋白质含量下降．光合作用速率降低．丙二醇和脂质红过氧化物含量明显增加．SOD活性则为倒三叶＞倒四叶＞倒二叶＞旗叶．实验结果表明：叶片自下而上顺序衰老．叶片衰老与膜脂过氧化作用密切相关． 相似文献
13.
铅胁迫对大豆幼苗保护酶系统及膜脂化的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
徐心诚 《商丘师范学院学报》2007,23(3):97-99
以大豆为材料，研究了不同浓度的铅对大豆种子萌发的影响及大豆茎下胚轴内超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）的活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量的变化情况．实验表明：在低浓度Pb^2＋（20mg／L）处理下，大豆种子的发芽指数和活力指数与对照接近，随着浓度的增加，发芽指数和活力指数逐渐下降．说明高浓度的铅对大豆的生长有抑制作用．在低浓度Pb^2＋（20mg／L）处理下，SOD、POD的活性有所增强，高浓度下活性下降．而MDA恰好与其相反，先降低后升高．这表明高浓度铅降低了SOD的活性，破坏了细胞膜的完整性，增加了膜的透性、 相似文献
14.
木菠萝和黄皮种子在湿藏过程中对低温敏感,随着温度下降,种子的发芽率、萌发指数和超氧物歧化酶的活性下降,丙二醛和脂质氢过氧化物的含量增加。其低温敏感性的原因可能是种子在低温湿藏时,发生膜脂过氧化作用,从而使膜脂丧失,膜的结构和功能受到损伤,种子的生活力丧失。 相似文献
15.
以苏畸茄为砧木与两年生7036紫色辣椒进行嫁接,研究辣椒嫁接后植株幼叶POD、SOD及花蕾EST等酶系同工酶变化。结果表明,实生辣椒与实生茄子的POD、SOD、EST等3种同工酶在谱带数目和强度上均存在显著差异。嫁接后,接穗和砧木的3种同工酶谱带数量和强度均有不同程度的变化;接穗和砧木均保留了各自母本的部分谱带;接穗具有2条EST同工酶特异谱带。表明由于接穗和砧木间相互作用使得嫁接体控制同工酶合成的基因表达发生变化。该研究以期为嫁接在辣椒等作物栽培和育种上广泛应用提供理论依据。 相似文献
16.
玉米种子成熟过程中细胞膜脂过氧化及体内抗氧化酶活性变化的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了沈试-29玉米种子在成熟过程中四种酶活性的变化及膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛（MDA）含量的变化。结果表明：超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）,过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性的变化一致即由乳熟期到蜡熟期活性下降,完熟期和枯熟期SOD、POD和CAT的活性又开始上升,而抗坏血酸氧化酶（AAO）的活性的变化则与此相反;MDA含量在蜡熟期上升,在完熟期和枯熟期下降。由此可见,种子的成熟过程中发生了氧化和过氧化作用,并存在活性氧的伤害。 相似文献
17.
This study examined the effects of dietary α-tocopheryl acetate supplementation on antioxidant enzyme activities and fillet quality in commercial-size Sparus macrocephalus. Three hundred fish [main initial weight （350±12） g] were divided into three groups （E250, E500 and El000） and reared in 9 cages. The fish were fed for 8 weeks with three diets containing different levels of dietary α-tocopheryl acetate （289, 553, 1069 mg/kg）. Over the experimental period, fish were fed to satiation and reached a final mean weight of （465±28） g without significant body weight difference and proximate composition difference. Fillet α-tocopherol was significantly （P〈0.05） different between groups, reaching levels of 14.2, 22.1, 30.9 pg/mg fillet for groups E250, E500 and El000, respectively. Total serum superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity increased significantly （P〈0.05） in fish fed the diets high in α-tocopheryl acetate, but serum glutathione peroxidase （GPX） activity was unaffected. In storage on ice, fillets of fish fed the diets high in α-tocopheryl acetate exhibited significantly lower （P〈0.05） levels of oxidation. These results suggested that increased dietary α-tocopheryl acetate could increase its flesh deposition, increase the activity of SOD and prevent lipid peroxidation ofSparus macrocephalus fillets in retail storage on ice. 相似文献
18.
Hong-zhou Meng Xiao-feng Ni Hai-ning Yu Shan-shan Wang Sheng-rong Shen 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2017,18(2):161-171
Astaxanthin (AST), a carotenoid molecule extensively found in marine organisms and increasingly used as a dietary supplement, has been reported to have beneficial effects against oxidative stress. In the current paper, the effects of AST on viability of prostate cells were investigated by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay; cell apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were determined by flow cytometry; the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was measured by fluorospectrophotometer; and activities of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were evaluated by a detection kit. The results show that copper ion (Cu2+) induced apoptosis, along with the accumulation of intracellular ROS and MDA, in both prostate cell lines (RWPE-1 and PC-3). AST treatments could decrease the MDA levels, increase MMP, and keep ROS stable in RWPE-1 cell line. An addition of AST decreased the SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT activities in PC-3 cell line treated with Cu2+, but had a contrary reaction in RWPE-1 cell lines. In conclusion, AST could contribute to protecting RWPE-1 cells against Cu2+-induced injuries but could cause damage to the antioxidant enzyme system in PC-3 cells. 相似文献
19.
Li FZ Jin SH Hu GC Fu YP Si HM Jiang DA Sun ZX 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2005,6(8):803-811
A rice pse(t) (premature senescence, tentatively) mutant line, was isolated from 4500 independent T-DNA inserted transgenic lines. The symptoms of premature senescence appeared more severely than those of the control plants (Zhonghua 11,japonica) at the last development stage. To characterize the mutant and provide basic information on the candidate genes by mapping to a physical region of 220-kb, experiments were carried out in two phytotrons under controlled temperature of 24 ℃ and28 ℃, respectively. The content of chlorophyll, soluble protein and MDA (malondialdehyde), net photosynthesis, the antioxidant enzyme activities of SOD (superoxide dismuase) (EC 1.15.1.1) and POD (peroxidase) (EC 1.11.1.7) and the peptidase activities of leaves were measured from top to bottom according to the leaf positions at the flowering stage. Compared with the control plant,the mutant showed the following characteristics: (1) Higher net photosynthesis rate (Pn) appeared in the 1 st and 2nd leaves, contents of chlorophyll and soluble protein were also higher in the 1 st leaf; (2) The activities of SOD, POD and peptidase were higher according to the leaf position from top to bottom; (3) The symptom of premature senescence was accelerated in the mutant at 28℃treatment. The MDA content and the SOD and POD activities between the 24 ℃ and 28 ℃ treatment mutants were not significantly different. Content of chlorophyll and soluble protein of leaves mutant decreased rapidly at 28 ℃ treatment. The results show that pse(t) is sensitive to high temperature. The probable function of PSE(T) is discussed. 相似文献
20.
Karthikeyan B Jaleel CA Gopi R Deiveekasundaram M 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2007,8(7):453-457
An experiment was conducted on Catharanthus roseus to study the effect of seed treatments with native diazotrophs on its seedling growth and antioxidant enzyme activities. The treatments had significant influence on various seedling parameters. There is no significant influence on dry matter production with the diazotrophs, Azospirillum and Azotobacter. However, the vital seedling parameters such as germination percentage and vigour index were improved. Azotobacter treatment influenced maximum of 50% germination, whereas Azospirillum and Azotobacter were on par with C. roseus with respect to their vigour index. There was significant difference in the population of total diazotrophs. Azospirillum and Azotobacter between rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of C. roseus had the same trend and were observed at various locations of the study. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POX） and catalase （CAT） were increased to a significant extent due to the treatment with diazotrophs. 相似文献