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This study examined individual differences among beginning readers of English as a foreign language (EFL). The study concentrated
on the effects of underlying first language (L1) knowledge as well as EFL letter and vocabulary knowledge. Phonological and
morphological awareness, spelling, vocabulary knowledge, and word reading in Hebrew L1, in addition to knowledge of EFL letters
and EFL vocabulary, were measured. The study also investigated the effect of socioeconomic background (SES) on beginning EFL
readers. Participants included 145 fourth graders from three schools representing two socioeconomic backgrounds in the north
of Israel. The results indicate that knowledge of English letters played a more prominent role than knowledge of Hebrew L1
components in differentiating between strong and weak EFL readers. The Linguistic Coding Differences Hypothesis was supported
by L1 phonological awareness, word reading, and vocabulary knowledge appearing as part of discriminating functions. The presence
of English vocabulary knowledge as part of the discriminant functions provides support for English word reading being more
than just a decoding task for EFL beginner readers. Socioeconomic status differentiated the groups for EFL word recognition
but not for EFL reading comprehension. 相似文献
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申亚琳 《合肥师范学院学报》2014,(4):87-92
基于阅读组合模式的理论框架、Nation提出的词汇广度测试构念和结构语言学家对于句法知识的界定,考察词汇广度和句法知识对二语阅读理解测试成绩的预测,以了解此预测是否受二语水平的调节作用。实验结果表明：受试的词汇广度和句法知识都与其阅读理解测试成绩存在线性相关关系;无论对于高水平受试还是低水平受试,句法知识对阅读理解测试成绩的预测能力都大于词汇广度对其的预测。 相似文献
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Connectives (e.g., although, meanwhile) carry abstract meanings and often signal key relationships between text ideas. This study explored whether understanding of connectives represents a unique domain of vocabulary knowledge that provides special leverage for reading comprehension, and whether the contribution of knowledge of connectives to reading comprehension differs for students from distinct language backgrounds. Understanding of connectives, word reading efficiency and breadth of vocabulary knowledge of 75 English language learners (ELLs) and 75 English‐only (EO) fifth graders were assessed. Hierarchical multiple regression techniques revealed that understanding of connectives explained a sizeable and significant portion of unique variance in comprehension beyond that explained by breadth of vocabulary knowledge when controlling for word reading efficiency. The magnitude of this relationship was larger for EO students than for ELLs. Findings indicate that connectives play an important role in comprehension, but that the strength of their influence varies by readers’ linguistic background. 相似文献
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桑晓丽 《河北能源职业技术学院学报》2012,(1):74-75,80
从图式理论的角度看,阅读理解过程是读者的背景知识与所读文章相互作用的过程。用图式理论中的语言图式、内容图式、形式图式来解释阅读过程,探讨图式知识在阅读中的作用,提出图式理论在阅读教学中的具体设想,即教师应在阅读教学过程中调动学生已有的图式知识创建新的图式知识,使图式知识相互作用,以提高阅读理解能力。 相似文献
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杨怏 《武汉职业技术学院学报》2006,5(2):85-88
本文通过分析内容图式和词汇教学,内容图式和背景知识教学,形式图式和体裁分析式教学,抽象图式和语义归纳教学,论述了图式理论对新闻英语阅读教学的指导意义。 相似文献
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Ana Taboada 《Instructional Science》2012,40(6):901-923
This study investigated the influence of general vocabulary knowledge, science vocabulary knowledge, and text based questioning on the science reading comprehension of three types of students who varied in their English language proficiency. Specifically, grade 5 English-Only speakers, English Language Learners in the United States, and students learning English as a Foreign Language in a Spanish-speaking country were compared across the aforementioned variables to examine their relationship to reading comprehension. Findings indicated that general vocabulary, science vocabulary, and questioning contributed significant variance to the explanation of science reading comprehension. However, no particular variable was found to interact with language proficiency in their contribution to science reading comprehension. Findings are discussed in terms of the roles that each variable could play in content area comprehension. Implications for content-area literacy instruction of second-language students are considered. 相似文献
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This study examined whether factors affecting first language reading acquisition also affect English Foreign Language (EFL)
reading acquisition. Hebrew (L1) and EFL reading related measures were administrated to 145 fourth graders from the north
of Israel who were beginning their first year of English instruction. Results from a Linear Structural Equational Analysis
(LISREL) showed that the Hebrew independent variable consisting of morphological and phonological awareness, orthographic
ability, and word reading (accuracy and speed) predicted EFL knowledge of letter sounds and names, word attack and reading
comprehension. In addition to the Hebrew independent variable, English word recognition (accuracy and speed) predicted English
reading comprehension. These results support the Linguistic Coding Differences Hypothesis (LCDH), which argues for core linguistic
abilities that influence first and subsequent language reading acquisition. 相似文献
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英语阅读教学是各大专院校最主要的课程，人们早已认识到阅读对外语教学的重要性、阅读能够提供最有效的，也是最重要的语言输入，从而提高学生的语言能力。本介绍图式理论及其对外语阅读教学的启发性价值。阅读的图式决定了他能否理解，理解的内容以及理解的程度。 相似文献
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词块法在大学英语课堂教学中的实施 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李耕科 《山东教育学院学报》2010,25(1):95-98
词块在二语习得和教学中的重要性已被众多的研究者关注,但如何在课堂上实施词块教学仍是一项重要的研究课题。本研究把词块法用于大学英语读写课教学中,将课堂教学分为词块的辨认、探索、巩固三个阶段。这一模式的实施有助于培养学生的词块意识,丰富词汇知识,提高阅读理解和语言产出能力。 相似文献
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英语词汇知识的广度和深度在阅读理解中的作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
文章旨在探讨在外语环境下,英语词汇知识(包括广度与深度两个层面)与阅读理解之间的关系。121名学生参加了本研究的词汇广度、词汇深度、构词知识及阅读理解等四项测试。运用相关关系、多元回归等统计方法对所有数据进行分析,结果表明:(1)词汇量、词汇深度与阅读理解之间存在着高度正相关;(2)除了词汇量可以预测阅读成绩外,词汇深度在预测阅读成绩中也起着非常重要的作用。本研究的发现不仅证实了词汇知识的广度在阅读中的作用,而且使我们认识到词汇知识的深度在外语学习过程中的重要意义。 相似文献
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图式理论与大学英语阅读教学 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
图式理论是近来来出现的许多新的阅读理论中最有影响的一种，掌握图式理论有助于提高阅读理解水平，指导英语阅读教学。通过阐述阅读理论的信息处理方式及如何在阅读教学中运用图式理论，旨在说明图式理论在阅读教学中的指导意义。 相似文献
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The present study investigated whether text structure inference skill (i.e., the ability to infer overall text structure) has unique predictive value for expository text comprehension on top of the variance accounted for by sentence reading fluency, linguistic knowledge and metacognitive knowledge. Furthermore, it was examined whether the unique predictive value of text structure inference skill differs between monolingual and bilingual Dutch students or students who vary in reading proficiency, reading fluency or linguistic knowledge levels. One hundred fifty-one eighth graders took tests that tapped into their expository text comprehension, sentence reading fluency, linguistic knowledge, metacognitive knowledge, and text structure inference skill. Multilevel regression analyses revealed that text structure inference skill has no unique predictive value for eighth graders’ expository text comprehension controlling for reading fluency, linguistic knowledge and metacognitive knowledge. However, text structure inference skill has unique predictive value for expository text comprehension in models that do not include both knowledge of connectives and metacognitive knowledge as control variables, stressing the importance of these two cognitions for text structure inference skill. Moreover, the predictive value of text structure inference skill does not depend on readers’ language backgrounds or on their reading proficiency, reading fluency or vocabulary knowledge levels. We conclude our paper with the limitations of our study as well as the research and practical implications. 相似文献
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图式理论与高职英语阅读教学的研究报告 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
英语教学改革的关键之一在于阅读教学的革新。因此,作为英语阅读理解能力的培养已越来越受到重视。然而,由于受传统教学法的影响,不少教师对阅读理解的错误认识导致了许多学生在阅读学习中只重视词汇、语法等语言知识的学习,忽视了与阅读材料密切相关的图式知识的学习、积累和运用。于是,作者在总结前人成就的基础上,把图式理论应用于英语阅读教学实践中,不仅提高了学生的阅读兴趣,也提高了他们的阅读能力。 相似文献
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The utilities of morphological awareness in first language (L1) literacy acquisition have been well documented. College second language (L2) learners with the need to enhance higher-level language and literacy competencies are of particular interest to literacy research. Therefore, this study reports on a longitudinal study that examines the multilayered relationship between morphological awareness and higher-order literacy skills (reading comprehension and written composition) among college-level English as a foreign language (EFL) learners. One hundred and twenty-one freshman students participated in this study. They finished reading vocabulary and four morphological awareness measurements including morpheme-form knowledge, morpheme-meaning knowledge, morpheme recognition ability and morpheme discrimination ability at the beginning of their college study. Moreover, they were required to complete reading and writing assessments at two additional time points over one academic year. Drawing upon multivariate analyses, the results showed that initial morphological awareness predicted later reading comprehension ability over the course of one academic year after controlling for reading vocabulary knowledge and the autoregressive effect. Although morphological awareness did not have a significant longitudinal effect on written composition after reading vocabulary knowledge and the autoregressive effect were accounted for, the results did exhibit the increasing robustness of the relationship between morphological awareness and written composition across time. In addition, the results verified the significant and longitudinal effect of explicit morphological knowledge (morpheme-form and morpheme-meaning knowledge) on higher-order literacy skills. The current study substantiated that morphological awareness had positive longitudinal relationships with higher-order literacy skills among EFL students. Implications centered on the utilities of morphological awareness components in higher-order literacy acquisition, the operationalization of written composition, and the uniqueness of second/foreign language literacy acquisition. 相似文献
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Expository text comprehension in secondary school: for which readers does knowledge of connectives contribute the most? 
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下载免费PDF全文 Camille Welie Rob Schoonen Folkert Kuiken Huub van den Bergh 《Journal of Research in Reading》2017,40(Z1):S42-S65
- Connectives (words such as moreover, because and although) help the reader in establishing coherence between text parts.
- In primary school, for fifth graders, knowledge of connectives has been shown to be uniquely related to English text comprehension controlling for reading fluency and general vocabulary knowledge.
- For fifth graders, the relationship between knowledge of connectives and English text comprehension was higher for English‐only students than for their peers who learned English as a second language.
- The present study found that knowledge of connectives also has a unique relation with Dutch expository text comprehension for eighth graders above and beyond reading fluency, general vocabulary knowledge and metacognitive knowledge (about text structure and reading and writing strategies).
- The relationship between knowledge of connectives and text comprehension was not moderated by reading fluency, general vocabulary knowledge and language background (monolingual versus bilingual Dutch).
- Metacognitive knowledge did impact the relationship between knowledge of connectives and text comprehension: the higher the metacognitive knowledge, the higher the association between knowledge of connectives and text comprehension.
- Secondary school readers are assumed to benefit from knowing connectives because these words are frequent in expository texts and signal relationships that students may often not infer without the help of these devices (i.e., with the use of background knowledge). This seems to apply in particular for expository texts that are intended to convey new information and relationships to students (see also Singer & O'Connell, 2003 ).
- We found a significant interaction between knowledge of connectives and metacognitive knowledge, which seems to indicate that knowing more connectives does not help much in improving expository text comprehension when metacognitive knowledge about text structure and reading strategies is low. This result suggests that it may be wise to couple instruction on the meaning of connectives with instruction about the structure of expository texts and ways to strategically deal with these texts.
- More specifically, besides instruction on the meaning of connectives, we advise teachers in secondary school to get students to understand the importance of connectives as markers of local and global coherence in texts, and to teach them how to strategically use connectives during reading.
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This study investigated an emergent interaction between word reading fluency and vocabulary knowledge in the prediction of reading comprehension among French immersion students in Grades 2 and 3. A group of 66 students were tested on measures of phonological awareness, rapid automatized naming, word reading accuracy, vocabulary, word reading fluency and reading comprehension in English and French at both time points. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine whether vocabulary and word reading fluency interact in predicting English and French reading comprehension. Regressions were constructed for each language and grade separately. Results showed that in Grade 2, word reading fluency and vocabulary contributed independently to reading comprehension, though an interaction between these variables was not observed in either language. By Grade 3, an interaction between these constructs emerged and was shown to predict reading comprehension in both English and French. Specifically, vocabulary was positively related to reading comprehension among students with moderate to high levels of fluency, while vocabulary did not uniquely contribute to reading comprehension among those who were less fluent. The emergence of an interaction in Grade 3 suggests that as students’ reading skills become more proficient, reading comprehension outcomes are better explained by taking into account the interaction between reading fluency and vocabulary knowledge.
相似文献18.
郑戍疆 《伊犁师范学院学报》2008,(1):132-134
英语语言教学改革的关键在于阅读教学的革新。由于受传统教学法的影响,不少教师对阅读理解的错误认识导致了许多高职学生在学习中只重视词汇、语法等语言知识的学习,忽视了与阅读材料密切相关的图式知识的学习、积累和运用。在总结前人成就的基础上,从图式理论的视角,探讨了图式理论下的英语阅读教学改革的必要性。 相似文献
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Roel van Steensel Ron Oostdam Amos van Gelderen Erik van Schooten 《Journal of Research in Reading》2016,39(3):312-329
In this study, we analysed the relationships between word decoding, vocabulary knowledge, meta‐cognitive knowledge and reading comprehension in low‐achieving adolescents and examined whether the strength of these relationships differed between Grade 7 and 9 students and between monolingual and bilingual students. Tests were administered to 328 students in Dutch prevocational education. Multilevel analyses showed positive effects of vocabulary and meta‐cognitive knowledge on reading comprehension that were consistent across grades and across monolinguals and bilinguals. Additionally, we found a positive effect of word decoding for seventh graders, but no effect for ninth graders. There was also a positive effect of bilingualism on reading comprehension when vocabulary differences were controlled. This finding suggests that for bilingual students, reading comprehension is hampered by limited second‐language vocabulary knowledge and that these students will profit more from an increase in vocabulary knowledge than their monolingual peers. The results underline the importance of vocabulary and meta‐cognitive instruction for low‐achieving adolescents. 相似文献
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Within the Structural Equation Modeling framework, this study tested the direct and indirect effects of morphological awareness
and lexical inferencing ability on L2 vocabulary knowledge and reading comprehension among advanced Chinese EFL readers in
a university in China. Using both regular z-test and the bootstrapping (data-based resampling) methods, the study found that morphological awareness contributed to L2
vocabulary knowledge directly and indirectly through the mediation of learners’ lexical inferencing ability. It was also observed
that morphological awareness made no significant unique or direct contribution to reading comprehension after adjusting for
vocabulary knowledge; its indirect effects on reading comprehension, however, were significant, both through the mediation
of vocabulary knowledge alone, and the multiple mediations of lexical inferencing ability and vocabulary knowledge. 相似文献