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1.
One hundred twenty-nine parents of children with learning disabilities responded to a questionnaire designed to solicit information on the types of modifications deemed most facilitative of parents' acceptance of full-time mainstreaming. Responses indicated that parents' participation in the mainstreaming process was an important factor in successful integration of children with learning disabilities. Parents' preferences for mainstreaming modifications differed from their current options, and they were supportive of full-time mainstreaming for their children, contingent upon implementation of their mainstreaming-related recommendations. Results are discussed relative to mainstreaming and proposed educational reforms. 相似文献
2.
This study examined educational practices in regular education classes in grades K-5 to determine changes required to facilitate a full-time mainstreaming program for students with learning disabilities. Data collected during the planning year of a mainstreaming project permitted a detailed analysis of the elementary school and the extent to which it accommodated individual differences. Data from informal and structured observations, interviews, and surveys of students, parents, and teachers suggested that fundamental changes in instruction are necessary for the regular education initiative to work in this school. 相似文献
3.
A questionnaire measuring attitudes toward mainstreaming was completed by teachers and parents at two primary schools, one of which had initiated a mainstreaming program in Year 1 classes. Results indicated that attitudes of parents and teachers at this school were more negative than those of their counterparts at the school with no mainstreaming program. Despite this apparent relationship between contact with disabled children and a negative attitude towards mainstreaming, a significant association was found between amount of experience with disabled children and a positive attitude towards mainstreaming. Among explanations proposed for these discrepant findings is the suggestion that attitudes expressed prior to experience with mainstreaming may not be an accurate guide to views held after its implementation. 相似文献
4.
Alan Hayes Sherry Livingstone 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1986,33(1):35-48
Comparatively little research has focussed on the experiences of disabled children in rural communities where mainstreaming may be a matter of necessity, thus providing examples of “natural experiments” in mainstreaming. A pilot study is described in which case studies are presented of five children with disabilities who attended regular schools in isolated rural communities in Queensland; a number of factors are suggested which may be associated with the outcomes of mainstreaming for these children. Several key issues in rural mainstreaming are offered as bases for hypotheses to be examined in future research programs. 相似文献
5.
Harold A. Johnson Penny L. Griffith 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1985,32(3):185-190
Interviewing, as an information‐gathering tool for prospective teachers of the deaf, was used to document the perspectives which deaf children, their parents, teachers and administrators bring to the mainstreaming process. Data revealed the different, and sometimes competing priorities of mainstreaming participants; these priorities are discussed in terms of their impact upon the success or failure of the mainstreaming process and the preparation responsibilities of teacher training programs. 相似文献
6.
Yola Center James Ward 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1989,36(2):117-131
SCHOOL psychologists serving primary and secondary schools in New South Wales were surveyed to ascertain their attitudes towards the main‐streaming of children with a wide range of disabilities. They were also asked to identify the resources required to meet the needs of these children in regular classrooms and to indicate their perceived role in the process of mainstreaming. Results indicated that school psychologists appeared to have a fairly optimistic perspective with regard to mainstreaming when compared with teachers. Comparisons of factor analyses of attitudes also suggested that school psychologists tended to group disability characteristics more in terms of traditional handicapping categories than with regard to the educational demands made upon teachers. While children with learning and behavioural difficulties represented psychologists’ largest case load, they did not always feel they had the skills to assist this group and were even less confident about other categories of disability. School psychologists also saw their roles with regard to mainstreaming as consultative rather than interventionist and attached little importance to knowledge of classroom techniques to facilitate the mainstreaming of children with disabilities. Implications of these data for the training and practice of school psychology were subsequently discussed. 相似文献
7.
A model of factors was developed in order to examine variables that might be associated with the attitudes of regular classroom teachers toward mainstreaming mildly handicapped children. Using multiple linear regression analyses, the following variables were found to be significant predictors of a positive attitude toward mainstreaming: team-teaching, years of teaching experience (negative correlation), course in diagnosing learning and behavior problems, availability of resource teacher, previous special education teaching experience, number of courses taken in special education, number of students in classroom (25–27), and inservice program experience related to exceptional children. An examination of these predictors suggests that they may be used to select those regular educators who are likely candidates for implementing mainstreaming programs and that school systems can inhance their mainstreaming efforts by arranging the integration settings to conform with these predictors of positive attitude. 相似文献
8.
Michael Strong Elizabeth Stone Charlson Ruby Gold 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1987,34(3):181-195
This article describes an investigation of 26 mainstreaming programs for students with hearing impairments from pre‐kindergarten through high school. The purpose of the study was to examine selection criteria, quality and quantity of mainstreaming time, and available support services. Students were found to be mainstreamed according to a number of criteria reported in the literature such as academic performance, hearing loss, and interpersonal skills, but also were affected by the willingness of regular education teachers to accept them into their classrooms. Academic mainstreaming was infrequent, and classroom observations showed that children with hearing impairments often appeared to be not well integrated into classroom activities. Programs varied considerably on all variables examined, including support services; in particular sign language interpreting was offered in some programs, available to a limited extent in others, but in many cases not at all. Clearer definitions of mainstreaming are a necessity and regular education teachers need to be informed of the special requirements of children with hearing impairments. 相似文献
9.
Mainstreaming decisions, including identification of handicapped students for regular class placement and support service recommendations (e.g., reduced class size, inservice training, consultation services), are frequently made by nonclassroom personnel such as school psychologists, occupational/physical therapists, and speech/language pathologists. Factors considered by these professionals in making mainstreaming decisions are poorly understood, however. This study sought to identify mainstreaming modifications judged to be important by ancillary professionals in recommending mainstreaming of students with mild exceptionalities. Data revealed that no significant differences were noted in number of selected modifications as a function of diagnostic category. Ancillary staff members indicated, however, that substantial modifications were needed to facilitate successful mainstreaming. Results are discussed relative to current educational trends. 相似文献
10.
Parents of learning disabled, mentally retarded, and emotionally disturbed children were surveyed regarding their reactions to mainstreaming handicapped children. Results indicated that parents of learning disabled children were significantly more supportive of this educational procedure than were the other two groups of parents. Possible reasons for this difference are discussed. 相似文献
11.
Teachers' Attitudes Towards Mainstreaming and Their Pupils' Perceptions of Their Classroom Learning Environment 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In spite of the widespread adoption of policies on mainstreaming, and more recently on inclusive education for children and
young people with special educational needs, little is actually known about the relationship between what teachers think about
such policies and the type of learning environments that they provide. In this study in New Zealand, a sample of regular primary
school teachers (N= 63) were categorised according to ‘high’, ‘moderate’ or ‘low’ scores on a scale which measures their views on mainstreaming
policies and practices. The pupils (N= 1729) of these teachers also completed a scale measuring perceptions of their classroom learning environments. Children
taught by teachers who espoused highly positive attitudes towards mainstreaming were found to have significantly higher levels
of classroom satisfaction and marginally lower levels of classroom friction than children taught by teachers with less positive
attitudes. Implications of these findings are discussed for further research on the role of teacher attitudes in the successful
inclusion of children and young people with special needs and for policies on the implementation of effective inclusive practice.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
12.
Margaret Reynolds Dermot McCartan Damian Knipe 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(4):403-414
In 1997, the Department of Education for Northern Ireland made the decision to mainstream Traveller children into secondary schools including those in West Belfast. Before then, Traveller children over 11 years of age remained in a dedicated school for all Traveller children of school age living within the catchment area of West Belfast. This paper presents the findings of a small‐scale research project that examined the experiences of Traveller children attending two West Belfast secondary schools which have integrated Traveller children into mainstream education since 1997. It also discusses ramifications of mainstreaming for Traveller parents in West Belfast. The project focused particularly on the following: the attitudes of Traveller children to mainstreaming and inclusion at secondary level; the possibilities mainstreaming offers for furthering the inclusion of Travellers into the community at large; and the perceptions of Traveller parents in West Belfast to mainstreaming in secondary schools. 相似文献
13.
14.
对我国随班就读发展现状评价的问卷调查报告 总被引：2，自引：10，他引：2
本调查对我国随班就读的发展现状进行了评价。结果表明 :中国随班就读工作是成功的 ,其成就包括 :保障体系有力 ;班级氛围较好 ;特殊儿童交往能力发展较好 ;教师具有奉献精神 ,能够制定个别教育计划 ;随班就读对特殊儿童有利 ;检测和评价较好。但在教育行政部门管理、教育资源、学校氛围、特殊儿童生活与自律能力、教师接受专业培训、学校与家长合作等方面存在许多问题。 相似文献
15.
Attitudes toward mainstreaming of primary and post‐primary teachers, teachers in training, and non‐teachers in the Gippsland region of Victoria, Australia, were surveyed soon after release of the Report of the Ministerial Review of Educational Services for the Disabled which recommends that schools be organized on the basis that every child has the right to be educated in a regular classroom; under these provisions mainstreaming becomes mandatory. The analysis revealed that the most favourable attitudes toward mainstreaming were those of non‐teachers, and that a positive relationship between teacher attitudes and previous experience of handicapped persons was accompanied by reluctance to accept handicapped children into their classes. 相似文献
16.
Regular class children who tease their mainstreamed peers can and do create problems for the implementation of mainstreaming. A solution to this problem is offered from the cognitive developmental school of thought through a discussion of recent theory and educational research in this area. It is shown that both moral judgment and interpersonal conceptions (two cognitive developmental domains) seem to be related to adequate social adjustment. Recent empirical studies have demonstrated success in raising children's level of reasoning in these areas. Direct applications of these recent findings to the mainstreaming problem are discussed. 相似文献
17.
培智学校教师对残疾儿童随班就读的态度研究 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
本研究对培智学校教师随班就读的态度调查结果进行了分析.结果表明,从总体上讲,教师对残疾儿童随班就读的态度是积极的,但存在一定程度的不够理解或偏见,甚至有拒绝、隔离的倾向.不同的年龄阶段存在着差异性,总体上而言,40岁以下的年龄组,更倾向于支持随班就读.不同职称的教师态度在个别分测验的结果上也存在差异.学历、性别、参加培训与否与他们的态度关系不大. 相似文献
18.
Of the growing number of training programs in mainstreaming competencies reported, only a few have used naturalistic observations to evaluate the impact of these interventions. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a preparation program in mainstreaming for regular teachers on attitudes, management styles and mainstreamed pupil behaviour. Thirty prospective teachers, including 15 trained in special education (the experimental group) and 15 controls were each observed interacting with a mainstreamed and matched comparison pupil. Findings revealed that (a) training was effective in modifying attitudes toward mainstreaming by experimental teachers; (b) mainstreamed pupils in control teacher classrooms displayed significantly less appropriate classroom behaviours than their comparison peers; and (c) experimental and control teachers did not differ significantly in the management techniques employed. Both groups, however, reacted differently toward mainstreamed pupils than toward their matched classmates. Implications for preparation programs for regular educators are discussed. 相似文献
19.
Howard M. Knoff 《Psychology in the schools》1985,22(4):410-418
Four hundred regular and special educators from New York (a categorical labeling state) and Massachusetts (a noncategorical labeling state) were surveyed on their mainstreaming attitudes and perceptions of handicapped exceptional children. Among the topics investigated were educators' attitudes toward the effects on these children of different educational placements, their reactions to integrating these children into regular classrooms, their knowledge of their special education responsibilities, and their inclusions in their building-level special education processes. Results, implications, and future research directions are discussed, so that services to handicapped exceptional children can be improved and implemented. 相似文献
20.
《International Journal of Educational Development》2005,25(2):133-144
This paper centres upon understanding processes involved in mainstreaming ‘out-of-school’ children from non-formal education programmes to formal schooling. Three ‘private school outreach’ initiatives in India provide the empirical base for the discussion, with the focal point being a key dilemma faced by their managements: between providing out-of-school children with an education that will give them equality of opportunity, and an education that is appropriate to their needs. The attempted resolutions of this dilemma and their corresponding practices and policies are examined and compared in the three cases and the findings are discussed in the light of literature on ‘inclusive education’. 相似文献