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1.
Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of playing tactics, opponent interaction and situational variables on achieving score-box possessions in professional soccer. The sample was constituted by 908 possessions obtained by a team from the Spanish soccer league in 12 matches played during the 2009–2010 season. Multidimensional qualitative data obtained from 12 ordered categorical variables were used. Sampled matches were registered by the AMISCO PRO® system. Data were analysed using chi-square analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis. Of 908 possessions, 303 (33.4%) produced score-box possessions, 477 (52.5%) achieved progression and 128 (14.1%) failed to reach any sort of progression. Multiple logistic regression showed that, for the main variable “team possession type”, direct attacks and counterattacks were three times more effective than elaborate attacks for producing a score-box possession (P < 0.05). Team possession originating from the middle zones and playing against less than six defending players (P < 0.001) registered a higher success than those started in the defensive zone with a balanced defence. When the team was drawing or winning, the probability of reaching the score-box decreased by 43 and 53 percent, respectively, compared with the losing situation (P < 0.05). Accounting for opponent interactions and situational variables is critical to evaluate the effectiveness of offensive playing tactics on producing score-box possessions.  相似文献   

2.
Abstract

Squad management, injury and physical, tactical and technical match performance were investigated in a professional soccer team across five consecutive league seasons (2008–2013, 190 league games) with specific focus on a championship-winning season (2010/11). For each player, match participation and time-loss injuries were recorded, the latter prospectively diagnosed by the team's physician. Defending and attacking tactical and technical performance indicators investigated included ball possession and possession in opponents' half, passes, forward passes, completed passes and forward passes, crosses and completed crosses, goal attempts and goal attempts on target, successful final third entries, free-kicks and 50/50 duels won/lost. Physical performance measures included total distance and distance covered at high-speeds (≥19.1 km/h). Results showed that during the 2010/11 season, squad utilisation was lowest potentially owing to the observed lower match injury occurrence and working days lost to injury thereby increasing player availability. In 2010/11, the team won both its highest number of points and conceded its lowest number of goals especially over the second half of this season. The team also won its highest number of games directly via a goal from a substitute and scored and conceded a goal first on the highest and lowest number of occasions, respectively. While multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) detected a significant difference in some attacking and defensive performance indicators across the five seasons, these were generally not distinguishing factors in 2010/11. Similarly, univariate ANOVAs showed a significant difference in running distances covered across seasons, but the trend was for less activity in 2010/11.  相似文献   

3.
Substituting basketball players during competition is a key process to optimise collective performance. Available research on this topic is scarce, probably due to the difficulty in isolating these effects; thus, the aim of this study was to identify the temporal effects of substitutions in basketball (Spanish professional basketball league). The sample was composed of 1118 substitutions gathered from 21 basketball games. The analysed variables were coach-controlled (player and team’s personal fouls, player in and player out roles, player’s in and out minutes on-court and timeout situation); on-court (foul committed, free throws, 2- and 3-point field-goal effectiveness) and situational variables (scoreline, quality of opposition, game location and game quarter). The results showed positive scoring performances after the substitution for all the analyses. During the first quarter, there were significant effects for fouls committed, scoreline and game location after the substitution. The player’s out personal fouls, free-throw effectiveness, player in, minutes on-court player in, timeout situation and 3-point field-goal effectiveness were significant during the second quarter. The team’s personal fouls, game location, and scoreline were identified as important in the third quarter. The fourth quarter did not show significant effects on the independent variables. Current findings allow optimising coaches’ plans and team management of on-court and bench players throughout the game.  相似文献   

4.
随着现代篮球运动的快速发展,比赛速度的提高,使得攻守转换的次数也随之增加,并且防守强度也在不断的加大。防守无球队员的成功与否,可直接影响到双方的进攻得分机会、控球权和时间的优势,并且防守无球队员对争取比赛主动也起着重要的作用。下面就专业队篮球防守无球队员的训练方法谈谈自己的观点和建议。  相似文献   

5.
美国男篮在里约奥运会上实现了奥运会三连冠伟业,为深层次、多方面的分析美国男篮夺冠的因素,本文采用文献资料法、数理统计法等研究方法对2016年里约奥运会男篮决赛进行分析与研究。研究结果表明:美国男篮的整体实力远在对手之上;在进攻能力上,其投篮命中率以及助攻数处于较大的领先优势;其在防守端的各项数据也处于绝对领先优势。建议加强内线球员的进攻能力以及调整好比赛心态。  相似文献   

6.
目的：通过分析第二届青运会排球专项身体素质成绩、项目设置及与比赛名次的关系,为青年排球专项身体素质测试及训练提供有借鉴意义的参考。方法：收集第二届青年运动会男排U18组和女排U17组24支球队的专项身体素质成绩和比赛名次进行统计并分析二者相关性。结果：男排U18组和女排U17组助跑摸高的成绩分别为(3.24±0.11) m、(2.91±0.11) m,占总分比为20.1%、21.9%;半“米”字移动成绩分别为(15.66±0.74) s、(16.95±0.84) s,占总分比为20.8%、18.1%;30 m跑成绩分别为(4.35±0.18) s、(4.98±0.23) s,占总分比为23.2%、18.2%;抛掷实心球成绩分别为(12.32±1.82) m、(9.22±1.45) m,占总分比为23.0%、22.1%;男子1 500 m项目平均成绩为(337.14±28.79) s,占总分比为12.8%,女子800 m成绩为(183.10±22.28) s,占总分比为19.6%。男排U18组和女排U17组身体素质总分与比赛名次呈负相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),即身体素质总分越高,比赛名次越靠前。结论与建议：男排U18组和女排U17组各队助跑摸高成绩差距最小,半“米”字移动、抛掷实心球和1 500 m(800 m)跑成绩差距较大;女排U17组身体素质项目各项得分较为均衡,成绩设置合理,男排U18组1 500 m项目设置的必要性及得分设定需进一步分析研讨;青年排球专项身体素质成绩越高,比赛名次越好,目前采用的专项身体素质测试方法较为合理,对竞赛成绩有较好预测性。  相似文献   

7.
在当今激烈的篮球比赛中,重进攻、轻防守,特别是对无球队员的防守,没有引起足够的重视。防守能力的强弱直接影响全队的成败,尤其是对无球队员的防守能力,它是衡量一个篮球运动员防守能力高低的重要标志。文章运用文献资料研究法、观察法,对防守无球队员必须掌握的基本方法、学会在比赛中运用、注重与同伴之间的协防配合进行了分析研究,以便引起篮球界人士的重视。  相似文献   

8.
The main objectives of the present research were (1) to examine the relationships between the distances travelled underwater during the start and turn segments with swimming race performance at the elite level and (2) to determine if the individualised-distance start and turn parameters affect the overall race performance. The race parameters of the 100 and 200?m events during 2013 World Championships were measured by an innovative image-processing system (InThePool® 2.0). Overall, 100?m race times were largely related to faster start velocities in men's breaststroke and freestyle events. Conversely, overall, 200?m race times were largely related to longer starting distances in the women's butterfly events, to longer turn distances in men's and women's backstroke and women's butterfly events and to shorter turn distances in women's freestyle events. Changes on the start or turn velocities could represent moderate time improvements in most of the 100?m events, whereas modifications on the start or turn distances (especially in the last turn) could provide elite swimmers with time improvements of practical importance on the 200?m events. The evaluation of races by individualised-distance parameters should be provided to elite swimmers in order to decide the most appropriate race segment configuration for each event.  相似文献   

9.
Abstract

Knee injuries such as anterior cruciate ligament lesions and patellar tendonitis are very frequent in volleyball, and are often attributed to micro traumas that occur during the landing phase of airborne actions. The aim of the present study was to compare different jumping activities during official men's and women's volleyball games. Twelve top-level matches from the Italian men's and women's professional leagues were analysed. The jumps performed during the games were classified according to the landing technique used by the player (left or right foot or both feet together), court position, and ball trajectory. Chi-square analyses were performed to detect differences in landing techniques between the sexes, court positions, and trajectories when serving, attacking, blocking, and setting. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were found between the sexes for block, set, and spike but not for the jump serve. The frequency of landings on one foot was related to court position and the trajectory of the sets: when spiking faster sets, the players were more likely to use a one-footed landing. The present results should help coaches and physiotherapists to devise appropriate training and prevention programmes, and reveal the need for further detailed biomechanical investigations of the relationships between landings and knee injuries.  相似文献   

10.
通过访问第29届奥运会官方网站,观看北京奥运会女篮比赛录像,运用统计学方法对中、美、澳、俄四国女篮32场比赛的攻、防技术指标进行了统计、比较、分析,指出了我国女篮存在的优势与不足,并提出了建议。  相似文献   

11.
The aim of this study was: (i) to group basketball players into similar clusters based on a combination of anthropometric characteristics and playing experience; and (ii) explore the distribution of players (included starters and non-starters) from different levels of teams within the obtained clusters. The game-related statistics from 699 regular season balanced games were analyzed using a two-step cluster model and a discriminant analysis. The clustering process allowed identifying five different player profiles: Top height and weight (HW) with low experience, TopHW-LowE; Middle HW with middle experience, MiddleHW-MiddleE; Middle HW with top experience, MiddleHW-TopE; Low HW with low experience, LowHW-LowE; Low HW with middle experience, LowHW-MiddleE. Discriminant analysis showed that TopHW-LowE group was highlighted by two-point field goals made and missed, offensive and defensive rebounds, blocks, and personal fouls; whereas the LowHW-LowE group made fewest passes and touches. The players from weaker teams were mostly distributed in LowHW-LowE group, whereas players from stronger teams were mainly grouped in LowHW-MiddleE group; and players that participated in the finals were allocated in the MiddleHW-MiddleE group. These results provide alternative references for basketball staff concerning the process of evaluating performance.  相似文献   

12.
运用文献资料法、录像观察法、数理统计法、秩和比法等对进入第31届奥运会男子篮球决赛阶段的12支球队的攻防指标进行了研究。研究显示:在进攻端,美国、西班牙、澳大利亚、塞尔维亚4支球队排在前4名,中国男篮的进攻RSR值为0.21,在所有参赛球队中垫底。在防守端,西班牙、法国、克罗地亚、美国排在前4名,中国队的防守RSR值为0.35,列所有参赛球队的第11名。攻防综合方面,美国、西班牙、澳大利亚是表现最为出色的球队,中国男篮的攻防RSR值为0.13,在所有参赛球队中垫底。本届奥运会形成了美国男篮实力出众、欧洲球队整体实力强劲、大洋洲和非洲篮球进步明显、亚洲篮球远远落后于世界篮球的新格局。  相似文献   

13.
Men's lacrosse and women's lacrosse share a name, but their histories differ. Both sports developed and became organised in close concert with the race, class and gender expectations of the eras. As a result, the sports began with rules that reflected those norms. Over time, the sports developed separately and generated unique forms, even as they sustained moments of interaction. Therefore, men's lacrosse and women's lacrosse are different sports. Using comparisons as the mode through which to view the sports, this article explores the organised beginnings of men's lacrosse and women's lacrosse to establish that the sports began and continued within identity-based norms. Through the discussion of the practical distinctions and critical understandings of the differences between the games, the author poses that these dissimilarities are relevant in considerations of the separate sports as they continue to change in the larger US sporting context. As sports such as basketball demonstrate, these arguments matter because broad-scale comparisons of women's sports to men's frequently render women's sport participants, and the sports they play, inferior. Notably, women's lacrosse participants also employed comparisons to distinguish and claim their history as unique from that of men's lacrosse. A comparative analysis highlights points of disjuncture between the sports and contextualises the importance of gender in the articulations of difference.  相似文献   

14.
篮板球是获得球权、发动快攻和二次进攻、使球队取胜的关键因素。结合中学篮球运动队篮球训练与比赛中的篮板球问题,对篮板球的技术与战术进行了分析,从加强中学生篮板球拼抢能力的培养入手,提出培养学生拼抢防守篮板球的能力必须从防守意识、身体对抗能力抢位挡人、掌握篮板球反弹规律等几方面入手。  相似文献   

15.
ABSTRACT

Visual exploratory action, in which football players turn their head to perceive their environment, improves prospective performance with the ball during match-play. This scanning action, however, is relevant for players throughout the entire match, as the information perceived through visual exploration is needed to guide movement around the pitch during both offensive and defensive play. This study aimed to understand how a player’s on-pitch position, playing role and phase of play influenced the visual exploratory head movements of players during 11v11 match-play. Twenty-two competitive-elite youth footballers (M = 16.25 years) played a total of 1,623 minutes (M = 73.8). Inertial measurement units, global positioning system units and notational analysis were used to quantify relevant variables. Analyses revealed that players explored more extensively when they were in possession of the ball, and less extensively during transition phases, as compared to team ball-possession and opposition ball-possession phases of play. Players explored most extensively when in the back third of the pitch, and least when they were in the middle third of the pitch. Playing role, pitch position and phase of play should be considered as constraints on visual exploratory actions when developing training situations aimed at improving the scanning actions of players.  相似文献   

16.
赵成  姚颂平 《体育科学》2005,25(7):46-48,52
在理清同场对抗性集体球类项目(篮球项目)运行规律的基础上,提出了以争夺球权为核心的防守理念——球权理念。运用文献资料调研、录像分析、数理统计等研究方法,以球权理念的角度,对篮球防守进行重新认识,提出新的原则要求(以盯人为例):防有球运动员时,防其技术特点,以争夺球权为中心,手脚并用,主动干扰、破坏,顽强追防,造违例和犯规;防无球运动员时,控制性地人球兼顾,以争夺球权为中心,根据球的威胁程度,不断调整自己的防守位置,适时大胆放弃,果断夹击、补防与轮转。并在此基础上,分析、总结了篮球比赛中各种获得球权的具体方法,为防守训练提供了一种新的理念基础。  相似文献   

17.
This study estimated the expected point value for starting possessions in different field locations during rugby league match-play and calculated the mean expected points for each subsequent play during the possession. It also examined the origin of tries scored according to the method of gaining possession. Play-by-play data were taken from all 768 regular-season National Rugby League (NRL) matches during 2010–2013. A probabilistic model estimated the expected point outcome based on the net difference in points scored by a team in possession in a given situation. An iterative method was used to approximate the value of each situation based on actual scoring outcomes. Possessions commencing close to the opposition’s goal-line had the highest expected point equity, which decreased as the location of the possession moved towards the team’s own goal-line. Possessions following an opposition error, penalty or goal-line dropout had the highest likelihood of a try being scored on the set subsequent to their occurrence. In contrast, possessions that follow an opposition completed set or a restart were least likely to result in a try. The expected point values framework from our model has applications for informing playing strategy and assessing individual and team performance in professional rugby league.  相似文献   

18.
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in basketball appear to be more common when players are in possession of the ball. The greater risk of ACL injury when in possession of the ball may result from the athlete’s inability to fully attend to their movement. However, it is also possible that having to carry/manipulate the ball restricts the athlete’s ability to utilise their upper extremities for stability during a manoeuvre. The purpose of this study was to explore how possession of a basketball and divided attention influence lower extremity mechanics during cutting and landing. Twenty uninjured females with basketball experience performed a baseline lateral cutting task, as well as lateral cuts while carrying a basketball, with and without a subsequent chest pass. Requiring participants to carry the basketball in isolation (i.e., without the additional pass) had minimal influence on lower extremity mechanics compared to baseline. However, participants demonstrated less knee flexion (40.9° vs. 47.3°) and greater knee abduction (12.2° vs. 10.1°) for trials that included the additional pass (divided attention condition) compared to trials conducted while carrying the basketball in isolation. Athletes may be at greater risk for ACL injury when they are unable to solely attend to their movement.  相似文献   

19.
Ball screens are one of the most frequently used tactical behaviour in elite basketball games. The aim of the present study was to identify their predictors of success related to time, space, players, and tasks performed. The sample was composed of 818 ball screens corresponding to 20 close games (mean differences in score of 3.1 ± 0.8 points) randomly selected from the playoff games of the Spanish Basketball League (2008–2011). Classification tree analysis (CHAID) was used to analyse which variable or combination of variables, better predicts effectiveness during ball screens. The main results allowed identifying interactions with dribbler actions after the screen and the orientation of the screen on the ball. The results showed no interaction with game quarter and quarter minute temporal-related variables in both analyses. The present findings allow improving coaches’ strategic plans that involve selecting the most appropriate offensive approach when performing ball screens.  相似文献   

20.
The current paper sheds light on a process that has changed Israeli sport between the years 1981 and 2002. The paper traces, conceptually and historically, the multiphase nature and struggle for equality of the Israeli women's basketball team. Through examining interrelated processes, this paper illustrates that although women have gained some ground as far as visibility and awareness is concerned, it is far too early for a ‘victory lap’. The rapid increase in women's participation in sports in Israel over the last decades expresses the change in the status of women in sports itself and in many other social areas, but in parallel also exposes staunch thought patterns in regard to women's and men's involvement in sports.  相似文献   

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