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1.
Liam J. Bannon 《The Information Society》2013,29(4):375-378
Expanding computer network technologies have emerged as a popular communication channel for millions of people. Contemporary literature abounds with ideologically biased accounts of on-line interaction that hinder the emergence of a coherent analytical framework. Scholarly work on computer-mediated communicative play remains underdeveloped. Through an empirically grounded theoretical orientation, this study aims to identify and illustrate processes and elements central to the emergence of self in on-line chat environments. By use of an e-mail survey, participant observation, content analysis, and open-ended interviews, the social nature of on-line interaction is illustrated and identified as significantly more than the technological sum of the medium. Findings indicate that through on-line chat-interaction a ''cyberself'' emerges, rooted in a unique form of communication that is disembodied, dislocated, anonymous, multiple-simultaneous, and faceless. Each of these elements introduces new possibilities to the dramatic nature of on-line interaction, which represents a kind of communication ''self-game'' where participants enact a multiplicity of selves. 相似文献
2.
On-line learning is an asynchronous computer-based learning mode that allows learners to learn anytime and anywhere in their own environment using information and communication technology. It can be considered as a way to bridge the digital gap. How a computer novice performs in such virtual and asynchronous learning environments is an interesting issue in human–computer interaction research. This paper presents the results of a study to investigate on-line learning performance and computer anxiety for unemployed adult novices. In this study, we propose a novel idea that integrates the concept of Shannon entropy into a grey relational analysis model. The proposed method was used to measure human information behavior in relation to on-line learning performance and computer anxiety. A total of 115 unemployed adults voluntarily participated in the experimental study. All experimental subjects were divided into groups according to individual differences in gender, age ranges, educational levels, and learning performances. Taking advantage of the grey relation entropy operation, we derived the perceptive correlations among different classified groups in terms of the accessibility of on-line learning and computer anxiety scales, respectively. Through the empirical study, certain on-line learning characteristics were also identified. 相似文献
3.
S. Matthews 《Ethics and Information Technology》2006,8(2):61-71
Psychotherapy and counselling services are now available on-line, and expanding rapidly. Yet there appears almost no ethical
analysis of this on-line mode of delivery of such professional services. In this paper I present such an analysis by considering
the limitations on-line contact imposes on the nature of the professional–client relationship. The analysis proceeds via the
contrast between the face-to-face case and the on-line case. At the core of the problem must be the recognition that on-line
interaction imposes a physical barrier largely permitting only those disclosures of self we choose to make available, and
greatly restricting the range of involuntary features and behaviours. I show why this is problematic, first, for the development
of a close professional–client relationship, with particular emphasis on such failures as diagnosis and monitoring of the
patient. Second I describe the importance of the development of professional character, and of how the on-line environment
fails to provide a context for such character traits to emerge and develop. 相似文献
4.
开放获取(Open Access,OA)式科学交流系统是以OA文献为主要媒介的科学交流系统。根据OA的基本原则和社会—技术互动网络(Socio-Technical Interaction Networks,STIN)的观点,给出了建构OA式科学交流系统的步骤,分析了该系统的结构及其各要素之间的交互作用、OA式科学交流系统与其他系统构成的大STIN中节点间的关系,最后指出OA式科学交流系统必须具备的社会功能,并提出了完善其功能的一些策略。 相似文献
5.
This analysis of informal scientific communication emphasizes the communication which occurs among public sector agricultural researchers. While the formal channels and the informal channels constitute the two mutually dependent elements of this communication, the importance of the informal channels is often ignored. The informal communication network is examined utilizing a survey of randomly sampled U.S. agricultural scientists listed in the Current Research Information System (N = 1431). Particular individuals in the informal communication network are viewed as important sources of influence for a variety of research decisions such as choice of problem, methods, key concepts and theoretical orientation. However, informal scientific communication appears to occur infrequently, and to be primarily limited to one's own discipline. Scientists report communication with scientists outside their department, clients and extension staff is limited to less than once a month. In addition, the nature and frequency of the informal scientific communication is highly related to the criteria utilized in establishing research agendas and the publication products. However, the use of and reliance on particular channels of communication may affect scientists and their research in different and sometimes contradictory ways. Consequently, it is important to view the informal scientific communication and the processes and products of science as inextricably bound together in a mutually interdependent social system. 相似文献
6.
Informed Consent in the Study of On-Line Communities: A Reflection on the Effects of Computer-Mediated Social Research 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Elizabeth Reid 《The Information Society》1996,12(2):169-174
In studying on-line communities, researchers must consider the unique environmental factors involved in order to minimize potential harm to human subjects. In particular, the often commented upon disinhibiting effect of computer-mediated communication can encourage people to agree to or even insist on a kind of public exposure by which they may eventually be harmed. On the Internet, where perceptions of interpersonal affect and effects may be obscured by the nature of the medium itself, care must be taken to guard against not only any increased tendency for researchers to objectify subjects, but also the tendency for subjects to underestimate the potential consequences of consent. The criteria for informed consent that may be sufficient in face-toface research environments are not necessarily so in a medium in which subjective experience is easily objectified and information is easily devalued. 相似文献
7.
Stuart Shapiro 《The Information Society》1998,14(4):275-284
While recent developments in information and communication technologies have produced heightened concern over privacy issues, technology and privacy have a long history of interaction. The home has served as a key locus for this interaction. By distinguishing inside from outside, the home supports the allocation of particular behaviors and information to different areas, both physical and virtual. This article explores how different technologies, including structural elements, have affected and reflected over time the boundary represented by the home and how that boundary has helped shape the construction of privacy in the West. This illustrates how privacy might be conceptualized as a social condition arising from the interaction of various boundaries, including the principal one separating the public and the private. 相似文献
8.
《The Information Society》2013,29(2):169-174
In studying on-line communities, researchers must consider the unique environmental factors involved in order to minimize potential harm to human subjects. In particular, the often commented upon disinhibiting effect of computer-mediated communication can encourage people to agree to or even insist on a kind of public exposure by which they may eventually be harmed. On the Internet, where perceptions of interpersonal affect and effects may be obscured by the nature of the medium itself, care must be taken to guard against not only any increased tendency for researchers to objectify subjects, but also the tendency for subjects to underestimate the potential consequences of consent. The criteria for informed consent that may be sufficient in face-toface research environments are not necessarily so in a medium in which subjective experience is easily objectified and information is easily devalued. 相似文献
9.
客户协同产品创新是企业纵向协同创新的重要形式,它需要客户和企业各部门人员的共同参与。客户协同产品创新过程由七个阶段组成,期间伴随着实体产品和新知识的产生。为了衡量这种新兴创新模式的投入产出效果,从知识创造的视角出发分别确定了企业与客户协同产品创新活动的投入、产出要素,并以某企业为例,为其建立投入产出分析模型,推演模型机理,演示模型应用。研究意义在于:与传统的对于企业创新成本的机械式汇总分析相比,论文根据客户协同产品创新的阶段性和动态性特点所建立的投入产出模型可以对各组成阶段之间的关联关系与互动效果给予计量,从而为客户协同产品创新决策提供新的方法与依据。 相似文献
10.
With the deployment of fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks worldwide, research on sixth-generation (6G) wireless communications has commenced. It is expected that 6G networks can accommodate numerous heterogeneous devices and infrastructures with enhanced efficiency and security over diverse, e.g. spectrum, computing and storage, resources. However, this goal is impeded by a number of trust-related issues that are often neglected in network designs. Blockchain, as an innovative and revolutionary technology that has arisen in the recent decade, provides a promising solution. Building on its nature of decentralization, transparency, anonymity, immutability, traceability and resiliency, blockchain can establish cooperative trust among separate network entities and facilitate, e.g. efficient resource sharing, trusted data interaction, secure access control, privacy protection, and tracing, certification and supervision functionalities for wireless networks, thus presenting a new paradigm towards 6G. This paper is dedicated to blockchain-enabled wireless communication technologies. We first provide a brief introduction to the fundamentals of blockchain, and then we conduct a comprehensive investigation of the most recent efforts in incorporating blockchain into wireless communications from several aspects. Importantly, we further propose a unified framework of the blockchain radio access network (B-RAN) as a trustworthy and secure paradigm for 6G networking by utilizing blockchain technologies with enhanced efficiency and security. The critical elements of B-RAN, such as consensus mechanisms, smart contract, trustworthy access, mathematical modeling, cross-network sharing, data tracking and auditing and intelligent networking, are elaborated. We also provide the prototype design of B-RAN along with the latest experimental results. 相似文献
11.
Public institutions involved in research that aims to strengthen the productivity, profitability and adaptiveness of industries face a multiplicity of challenges when managing for the emergence of cost effective solutions to problems. We reflect upon the learnings of a Government sponsored Visiting Fellow’s programme that we describe as a knowledge management (KM) intervention within Australia’s primary industries Research, Development and Extension (R, D and E) system. Our central concern is to draw upon the learnings of an internet-based initiative in the United States called eXtension to show how ‘traditional’ D and E activities can be transformed. We argue that organisations and networks involved in such D and E activities need to perceive themselves as belonging to systems that are socio-technical in nature. That is, the development and deployment of cross-jurisdictional and cross-institutional innovations are shaped by both the social interactions between people and the systematic use of technology to support distributed learning. We explain how the elements of an integrated model to support public KM can be developed to create the conditions for enhanced innovation. Our findings have relevance to a wide range of other industry sectors considering contemporary service models involving public and private partnerships. 相似文献
12.
This paper describes a computer program which converts the text of user input and system responses from an on-line search system into fixed format records which describe the interaction. It also outlines the syntax of the query language and the format of the output record produced by the parser. The study discusses problems in constructing the parser, the logic of the parser and its performance characterestics, as well as recommendations for improving the process of logging on-line searches. 相似文献
13.
发达国家创新体系建设的实践及其启示 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
随着建设创新型国家成为我国发展战略的核心。如何建设创新型国家已成为国内热议的话题。创新从创新系统中涌现的现象引起政府对国家创新系统建设的重视。经过对发达国家创新系统的理论渊源、主要内容和演化过程的分析。研究认为政府在国家创新系统中的作用已从单纯的激励创新向激励创新主体间的互动转变。我国创新战略的实施需要从科技投入、创新环境、创新网络和技术预见四个方面对政府管理予以创新。促进创新系统内创新要素的流动。 相似文献
14.
Pushlet技术提供了服务器和客户端即时快捷地交换数据的功能,而ExtJS技术实现的浏览器客户端能提供更加好的用户体验效果。即时交流的过程包括了进入交流、进行交流、退出交流这三个步骤,客户端都需要多次进行发布、订阅操作,其中个人交流和群组交流在第一个步骤上有所区别。 相似文献
15.
Nicholas John Munn 《Ethics and Information Technology》2012,14(1):1-10
In this article I examine a recent development in online communication, the immersive virtual worlds of Massively Multiplayer
Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPGs). I argue that these environments provide a distinct form of online experience from the
experience available through earlier generation forms of online communication such as newsgroups, chat rooms, email and instant
messaging. The experience available to participants in MMORPGs is founded on shared activity, while the experience of earlier
generation online communication is largely if not wholly dependent on the communication itself. This difference, I argue,
makes interaction in immersive virtual worlds such as MMORPGs relevantly similar to interaction in the physical world, and
distinguishes both physical world and immersive virtual world interaction from other forms of online communication. I argue
that to the extent that shared activity is a core element in the formation of friendships, friendships can form in immersive
virtual worlds as they do in the physical world, and that this possibility was unavailable in earlier forms of online interaction.
I do, however, note that earlier forms of online interaction are capable of sustaining friendships formed through either physical
or immersive virtual world interaction. I conclude that we cannot any longer make a sharp distinction between the physical
and the virtual world, as the characteristics of friendship are able to be developed in each. 相似文献
16.
修辞与科学知识传播论纲 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
科学知识的有效传播离不开修辞,以修辞的方式传播科学知识是可能的和必要的。第一,语言文字是科学知识的最基本的载体之一,以承载科学知识的修辞话语传播科学知识常常能为更广泛的公众所喜闻乐见;第二,修辞方式往往可以给特定科学知识传播以策略上的支持;第三,修辞过程与科学知识传播过程均为且均必为一互动的过程;第四,修辞和科学知识传播的效果都可以通过审美的方式体现出来。 相似文献
17.
Annie Lang 《The Information Society》2014,30(1):60-70
This article introduces Dynamic Human-Centered Communication Systems Theory (DHCCST), defining communication as a complex dynamic system consisting of a human, a message, a medium, and a location. An argument is made that all elements of the system should be defined from a human centric viewpoint. The article reconceptualizes humans as evolved, embedded, embodied brains (EEEBs). Media are reconceptualized as brain-like creatures (BLCs). Communication is defined as the interaction of one or more EEEBs with other EEEBs or with BLCs. Medium of carriage and encoding system are reconceptualized along continua ranging from evolved to man-made. Examples of hypotheses arising from DHCCST are presented and some theories and effects are reinterpreted using this new perspective. 相似文献
18.
Information seeking is traditionally conducted in environments where search results are represented at the user interface by a minimal amount of meta-information such as titles and query-based summaries. The goal of this form of presentation is to give searchers sufficient context to help them make informed interaction decisions without overloading them cognitively. The principle of polyrepresentation [Ingwersen, P. (1996). Cognitive perspectives of information retrieval interaction: elements of a cognitive IR theory. Journal of Documentation 52, 3–50] suggests that information retrieval (IR) systems should provide and use different cognitive structures during acts of communication to reduce the uncertainty associated with interactive IR. In previous work we have created content-rich search interfaces that implement an aspect of polyrepresentative theory, and are capable of displaying multiple representations of the retrieved documents simultaneously at the results interface. Searcher interaction with content-rich interfaces was used as implicit relevance feedback (IRF) to construct modified queries. These interfaces have been shown to be successful in experimentation with human subjects but we do not know whether the information was presented in a way that makes good use of the display space, or positioned most useful components in easily accessible locations, for use in IRF. In this article we use simulations of searcher interaction behaviour as design tools to determine the most rational interface design for when IRF is employed. This research forms part of the iterative design of interfaces to proactively support searchers. 相似文献
19.
This article explores the roles of on-line publications in promoting ethnic communication. Through a case study of the on-line Chinese language publications, it examines the potentials of such publications in supplementing and expanding the functions of the traditional ethnic media, strengthening cultural and communal ties of the ethnic groups, and mobilizing them for action The authors argue that in the age of cyberspace, the role of ethnic media in fortifying the cultural traits of ethnic immigrants is expected to be further strengthened. As a result, ethnic groups are more likely to be assimilated into the mainstream culture without losing their own cultural roots and ethnic identity. 相似文献
20.
【目的/意义】群体智能涌现研究对于人们理解自然界规律,优化社会管理,推进知识创新有重要作用,网络
社区环境为群体智能涌现提供了研究和应用的新场景。【方法/过程】文章对国内外文献进行全面深入分析,从群体
智能涌现的现有研究内容,网络社区环境对群体智能的影响作用,网络社区中群体智能涌现的类型,以及网络社区
群体智能涌现应用场景几个方面对网络社区群体智能涌现研究展开梳理总结工作。【结果/结论】现有针对网络社
区环境下的群体智能涌现研究侧重于网络社区群体智能现象的分析和解读,但少有对其深层次的成因、动因等方
面的研究。未来可继续深入理论探讨并拓宽其在颠覆性技术识别、人工智能、智慧城市和公共危机管理等领域展
开实验应用研究。【创新/局限】本文的梳理工作对于全面了解群体智能涌现在网络社区环境中的研究提供了帮助,
但受现有相关应用研究数量上的局限而难以对网络知识社区群体智能涌现应用研究方面给予更丰富的佐证。 相似文献