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1.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(1):10-20
Subjects differing in cognitive complexity formed impressions of another based on positive information about the other's work behavior and negative information about social behavior, or vice versa. Immediate impressions written to one context, and work‐ and social‐evaluation measures, reflected the valence of the information; general evaluative measures tended to neutrality. Impressions (written to the other context) and evaluations obtained two weeks later showed similar results. These results, in conjunction with those of subsidiary analyses involving Fishbein's attitude model, were interpreted as supporting a view of beliefs as substantive cognitions rather than as vacuous elements functioning only to contribute increments of affect. 相似文献
2.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(2):119-123
The relationship between one's attitude toward self‐disclosure in interaction and the complexity of his system of dimensions for construing the behavior and character of others was examined within a cognitive‐developmental framework in which development was hypothesized to be a function of the range and intensity of one's social experiences. Significant correlations involving three indices of construct usage reflecting the differentiation and integration of the motivational constructs in a perceiver's cognitive system suggest that it is one's motivational constructs which are elaborated through self‐disclosing interactions and which, in turn, allow for the formation of the kind of subjectivity satisfying impressions that favorably orient one toward the mutual disclosure of self‐attributions. 相似文献
3.
Noreen M. Carrocci 《Communication Studies》2013,64(4):215-228
This study explores the perceptions of and responses to the content and relationship levels of interpersonal conflict. Most subjects perceived both levels of the conflict. Gender and cognitive complexity were found to relate to the number and, in some cases, the types of responses produced by subjects. 相似文献
4.
考察印象形成效果是探索网络媒介如何改变人的感知的关键。实验采用单因素组间设计及t检验比较了网络与面对面两种条件下印象形成效果的差异。结果表明,网络传播条件下所形成的印象在鲜明度、好感度和失真度上均要高于面对面传播,这种差异性可称之为网络正向晕轮效应。 相似文献
5.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(3):265-301
This study investigated why conversational participants view their partner more positively than do observers of the conversation. Two factors were hypothesized to account for the positivity bias of participants: self‐presentation concerns and cognitive load. Thirty dyads engaged in a brief conversation and participants subsequently evaluated each other. Observers, assigned to 1 of 4 conditions in a balanced 2x2 (high/low cognitive load by present/absent self‐presentation concerns) design, watched a videotape of one conversation and evaluated one of the conversational participants. Results indicate that cognitive load influenced social competence evaluations yet had minimal influence on affective evaluations. Self‐presentation concerns influenced all evaluations to be more positive; however, its strongest influence was on affective evaluations. Post‐interaction evaluations made by participants and observers were also compared to first impressions of a target (impressions formed after 2—4 seconds of exposure). Evaluations made by participants were significantly more positive than first impressions across all evaluations. Evaluations by observers in the no self‐presentation concerns/low cognitive load condition were more negative than first impressions, although this difference was significant only for the social competence judgments. Implications for theories of person perception and affect are discussed. 相似文献
6.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(1):8-13
The affective and cognitive dimensions of attitudinal structure in Martin Fishbein's theory have been investigated rather thoroughly. Little research, however, has been conducted on the function of saliency in such a structure. While previous research has almost exclusively applied Fishbein's theory to impression formation and person perception, the present study adapted the theory to the prediction of attitude toward a proposed change in policy. Saliency in cognitive structure was conceptualized as the perceived importance to “self” and “others” of the consequences associated with the proposal. The addition to the theory of perceived importance of consequences significantly improved its strength in predicting attitude toward a proposed change in policy. 相似文献
7.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(2):146-152
Subjects differing in interpersonal construct differentiation completed both an attitude measure and a behavioral intentions measure (in which subjects’ behavioral intentions in each of nine attitude‐relevant interpersonal situations were assessed) toward a subject‐selected target person. While the overall correlation between attitude and the behavioral intentions index was high (r = .85,), low‐differentiation subjects displayed significantly greater attitude‐behavioral intentions consistency (r = .95,) than did high‐differentiation subjects (r = .75). Correspondingly low differentiation subjects exhibited significantly less variability in the evaluative direction of their behavioral intentions than did high‐differentiation subjects (construct differentiation and variance in individuals’ behavioral intentions were correlated, r = .37). The results are interpreted as suggesting that within a given domain, persons with developmentally less advanced cognitive systems place greater reliance on evaluative consistency principles in organizing their beliefs and behaviors and hence are more likely to exhibit attitude‐behavior consistency than are persons with more developed systems. 相似文献
8.
This study reports the extent to which four social and message perception abilities predict the use of person‐centered messages in regulative influence situations: construct differentiation, number of prosocial influence goals, awareness of message effects, and positive outcome predictions. Undergraduate students completed several message tasks along with the Role Category Questionnaire to measure interpersonal cognitive complexity. Construct differentiation and the message analysis variables accounted for 45% of the variance in person‐centered regulative messages. Each of the message knowledge and goal variables was a significant predictor of person‐centered regulative messages. Person‐centered regulative messages were more likely to be produced by people with highly differentiated construct systems, people who had prosocial influence goals, and people who had knowledge of and confidence about the effects their messages would have on their message recipients. 相似文献
9.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(79-80):257-266
Summary This paper relates the collaborative planning by a task force of public, academic, and special librarians to develop KANAnswer, a statewide virtual reference pilot project. Major points include selecting software, developing policies and procedures, marketing, procuring partners, staffing and training, coordinating the project, and early impressions of the librarians who staff the service. 相似文献
10.
J. J. Pionke Stacey Knight-Davis John S. Brantley 《College & Undergraduate Libraries》2013,20(3):221-233
AbstractThe Students with Autism Transitional Education Program (STEP) at Eastern Illinois University is one of the few of its kind and is a leader in supporting college students with autism. Eastern Illinois University Library Services teamed up with the STEP in order to provide support to the students in the program. Students were interviewed about their experiences in the library in order to determine what their impressions of the library were and what potential needs they had. Students largely viewed the library as a safe haven and a great place for quiet study. Based on feedback, this case study also offers suggestions for improvement to make college and university libraries more welcoming to people with autism. 相似文献
11.
《文物保护研究》2013,58(4):177-182
AbstractA moulding of the Sutton Hoo ship impression was taken, so that a complete record could be preserved after the final excavations which would necessitate destroying the impression. Plaster of Paris was used as a moulding medium. Experiments were made with consolidants and release agents. Wet paper towelling was used as a barrier between sand and plaster, clay protected the iron rivets. Work began in the burial chamber and progressed to stern and bow. Pieces were made approximately 66 cm square and butted up to each other. Ribs of the boat were moulded separately in 7 or 9 pieces. There were 85 pieces moulded altogether. 相似文献
12.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(64):21-30
Summary The author explores the concept of Generation X and reflects on her experiences as an academic librarian who demographically fits into this generation of individuals born between 1961 and 1981. After a definition of the concept and a review of the literature, the author reveals her own experience as a member of this generation and her initial professional impressions as an academic librarian. A brief discussion of the implications of Generation X on libraries in the future concludes the essay. 相似文献
13.
Nickie Michaud Wild 《广播与电子媒介杂志》2015,59(3):494-508
Political comedy on television has become an increasingly relevant and informative source which voters, and commentators in the official journalistic public sphere, draw upon. Saturday Night Live has long been a cultural forum of representation of American Presidential Candidates. Two parodies of candidates in particular stand out in the 21st century: Will Ferrell's impression of George W. Bush in 2000 and Tina Fey's of Sarah Palin in 2008. Journalists in the New York Times and Washington Post tended to reject the Ferrell impression as meaningless, while using the Fey parody to represent their own opinions. Why was the satirical portrayal of Palin more salient? The Fey impression resonated with writers in the public sphere in a much more substantive manner than the Ferrell impression, which focused mostly in personal characteristics. This period marks a transition of personality-based humor to more substantive satire. 相似文献
14.
Bartosz Wilczek 《媒体管理杂志》2013,15(2):88-129
ABSTRACTMedia managers and journalists have responded to digitalization over time by implementing online journalism and by converging and de-converging print and online newsrooms. Drawing on complexity and uncertainty theories, this article develops a cycle model, which furthers the understanding of why and how news organizations change. Qualitative and quantitative findings in two European legacy media companies indicate that managers are constantly striving to minimize their own complexity and uncertainty, which, in turn, drives change in news organizations through different stages that are characterized by economization and integration or investment and specialization. More specifically, under lower external and internal complexity and uncertainty, managers are pushing news organizations toward more economization and integration. However, they invest and specialize if either their external or their internal complexity and uncertainty increase. Moreover, the findings reveal the mechanism through which the internal complexity and uncertainty arise, and they show differences depending on the ownership structure of a news organization. 相似文献
15.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(3):377-397
ABSTRACTAccording to the cognitive perspective, the generation of counterarguments is a key obstacle to persuasion. Following the metacognitive view, however, the experience of difficulty that accompanies increased counterarguing may benefit persuasion. These two contrasting predictions were evaluated in two experiments (N1?=?392; N2?=?210) by manipulating the instructions of thought-listing tasks following exposure to a testimonial that advocated for Physician-Assisted Suicide. Results for participants low-in-NfC supported the cognitive prediction, whereby generating many counterarguments (7) led to less favorable attitudes toward PAS, whereas fewer counterarguments (2) engendered more positive attitudes. In contrast, among participants high in NfC, increased counterarguing (7) resulted in more favorable attitudes toward PAS, while fewer counterarguments (2) were translated into greater opposition. 相似文献
16.
AbstractIt was decided to make a replica from the plaster mould of the Sutton Hoo ship impression using polyester resin reinforced with glass fibre matting and paper rope. For easy storage and transportation the replica was cast in twenty-five sections which could be bolted together. The problem of supporting these and preventing them from sagging or twisting out of shape was solved by using eighty accurately measured leg attachments fixed to the underside of the cast. 相似文献
17.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(4):303-308
This study investigated the influence that speaker characteristics other than dimensions of source credibility may have in the formation of listeners’ impressions of speaker credibility. It was found that the responses followed a simple information averaging model in about 80% of all cases. For the remaining 20% of the listeners, however, there was a significant interaction between traits. This mixed effect suggests caution in the interpretation of results of credibility studies. It was found further that all positive and negative source credibility dimensions can be treated safely as equal in weight, except for the negative pole of the Trustworthiness dimension; an untrustworthy speaker, regardless of his other qualities, was viewed as a questionable message source. 相似文献
18.
Robin L. Kear 《International Information and Library Review》2013,45(4):308-312
From The Column EditorsWelcome to the Global Postcards column! We are so excited to bring you news and projects from around the world. We have three main contributions for this column: Heather Moulaison Sandy reports on LIDA in Croatia, Molly Brown shares her experiences with user experience and space planning, and Kathryn McNamara shares her impressions of IFLA as a first-time attendee. Thanks to the contributors for this issue, and please keep the submissions coming! If you would like to send a submission, please contact either of the column's co-editors: Jacqueline Solis, jsolis@email.unc.edu, and Robin Kear, rlk25@pitt.edu. 相似文献
19.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(64):67-73
Summary The author, Library Director at the University of Klaipeda (Lithuania) and Washington State University Libraries' Library Fellow, writes about her own library in the context of other Lithuanian academic libraries and emerging consortia in Lithuania and the European Community. Both the Consortium of Lithuanian Libraries' project, the Lithuanian Integrated Library Information System (LIBIS), and the European Community's project, the Trans-European Cooperative Scheme for Higher Education (TEMPUS), are specifically noted. The author also offers both her impressions of American academic libraries gathered during her experience as a Library Fellow based at Washington State University Libraries and her hopes for the future of academic libraries in Lithuania. 相似文献
20.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(4):322-325
Subjects were asked to rate five intensional and five extensional concepts on a battery of fifteen intensional and fifteen extensional semantic differential scales. An extra measurement was added to the usual semantic differential instrument so that subjects could indicate whether they were using each scale in an intensional or an extensional manner. Results supported previous findings that subjects have more difficulty rating scale‐concept pairs with mixed than with matched meaning domains, and indicated considerable subject‐scale interaction in the measuring instrument. 相似文献