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1.
Madhusudhana Rao A Anand U Anand CV 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2011,26(1):28-31
Numerous lines of evidence implicate a role of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD).
It is a well accepted fact that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at an increased risk for CVD. MPO is a pro-oxidant
enzyme which could be involved in the increased susceptibility of these patients to CVD. Hence, the levels of plasma MPO was
determined in healthy controls as well as in patients with CKD [stratified with the level of their kidney failure as CKD stages
II–V (end stage renal disease)]. Plasma MPO was assayed by a spectrophotometric method. Serum urea and creatinine were estimated
on a clinical chemistry analyzer using standard laboratory procedures. The mean plasma MPO levels were significantly lower
with advancing stages of renal failure (P < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between MPO and GFR (r = +0.89, P < 0.001) and a negative correlation with urea (r = −0.85, P < 0.001) and creatinine (r = −0.82, P < 0.001). While an inverse association was observed between plasma MPO and urea in CKD patients, such an association was
not observed in control subjects (P = 0.43). In conclusion, the decline in plasma MPO levels may be due to the inhibitory effect of uraemic toxins on the enzyme. 相似文献
2.
K. Pratibha Usha Anand Rajni Agarwal 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2004,19(2):128-131
Serum adenosine deaminase (ADA), 5′ nucleotidase (5′NT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were estimated in patients with acute infective
hepatitis (AIH) along with the routine parameters of liver disease. Present study is done to evaluate these special parameters
in patients with clinical history of AIH and to assess the utility of these parameters as diagnostic/ prognostic indices of
liver function and to correlate special parameters with routine live function tests (LFT). ADA, 5′NT and MDA along with routine
LFT was estimated in 25 patients with AIH and 25 samples from healthy voluntary blood donars served as the control group.
Routine LFT was estimated by standard clinical chemistry procedures on dade behring analyser and ADA, 5′NT and MDA were estimated
by berthlot reaction, fiske and subbarao method and thiobarbituric acid method respectively.
Statistical analysis showed that serum ADA, 5′NT and MDA were significantly higher in patients as compared with the controls.
There was a significant positive correlation between ADA and total bilirubin and MDA and total bilirubin. Hence we can conclude
that these tests would be more sensitive to diagnose the patients with AIH and that the raised bilirubin levels could be looked
upon, as a protective mechanism which the liver has evolved in order to combat oxidative stress. 相似文献
3.
Graves’ disease (GD) is an organ-specific heterogenous autoimmune disorder associated with T-lymphocyte abnormality affecting
the thyroid, eyes and skin. GD is a multifactorial disease that develops as a result of complex interaction between genetic
susceptibility genes and environmental factors. It has been suggested that the Cytotoxic T lymphocytes associated molecule-4
(CTLA-4) is a genetic susceptibility candidate for GD. The present study was focused on A/G polymorphism at position 49 in
exon-1 of the CTLA-4 gene in 80 GD patients (GP) and 80 sex and age matched healthy individuals among South Indian (Madurai)
population. Serum concentrations of thyroid hormone (T4, T3 and TSH) were determined by using automated analyzer. The genomic DNA was isolated from the patient and control groups and
genotyping was performed using the polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction enzyme analysis using Bbv1. Significant difference (P < 0.001) was observed in the level of T3, T4 and TSH in GD patients and healthy individuals. The results revealed the CTLA-4 gene G/G genotype to be 32 (40%) in patients
and 26 (32.50%) in healthy individuals, A/G genotype to be 37 (46.25%) in patients and 25 (31.25%) in healthy individuals
and A/A genotype to be 11 (13.75%) in patients and 29 (36.25%) in healthy individuals. The calculated odds ratio (OR) in individuals
with mutant genotype (GG/AG) reveal 3.6 fold risk for GD (95% confidence interval = 1.6–7.8). The mutant “G” allele frequency
was observed to be 0.63 in GD patients and 0.48 in healthy individuals. Thus the present study demonstrates an association
between the CTLA-4 gene polymorphism and Graves’ disease. 相似文献
4.
Rachna Agarwal Sangeeta Sharma Neelam Chhillar Kiran Bala Neeraj Singh C. B. Tripathi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2009,24(4):366-369
The present study was conducted to assess correlation of ammonia levels with valproate levels in epileptic patients presenting
with valproate toxicity and also whether liver enzymes and ammonia levels could serve as biochemical marker of valproate toxicity.
100 patients with epilepsy who had received valproate therapy for more than 12 months and had presented with valproate toxicity
and 100 controls were included in the study. The serum valproate, ammonia and liver enzymes were measured in these subjects.
In patients with valproate toxicity, the mean level of serum valproate was 110.91 ± 28.68 mg/dL (therapeutic range 50–100
mg/dL). Serum ammonia was higher (86.37 ± 39.90 μg/dL) in patients with valproate toxicity compared to controls (68.73 ± 30.07
μg/dL). Out of 100 patients, only 37 patients had serum valproate level > 120 mg/dL and 22 patients had raised levels of valproate
as well as ammonia. Age < 30 years and serum ammonia > 69 μg/dL is risk factors for valproate toxicity. Serum ammonia, liver
enzymes should be regularly investigated in patients on valproate therapy for early diagnosis of valproate toxicity. 相似文献
5.
D. Puri K. M. Prabhu G. Dev S. Agarwal P. S. Murthy 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2011,26(4):335-346
To study the mechanism of action of water soluble compound GII purified from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seeds which was shown earlier to have antidiabetic effect in the subdiabetic, moderately and severely diabetic rabbits.
In rabbits (1–1.5 kg bw) diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of 80 mg/kg bw of alloxan. They were fed with GII at
a dose of 50 mg/kg bw daily once in the morning for 15 days in the subdiabetic and moderately diabetic and 30 days in the
severely diabetic rabbits. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), LDL + VLDL cholesterol [(LDL + VLDL)C], HDL cholesterol
[(HDL)C], total tissue lipids, glycogen and enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism (glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, polyol pathway)
hexokinase, glucokinase, pyruvate kinase, malic enzyme, glucose-6-phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, aldose reductase
and sorbitol dehydrogenase and antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase
were estimated. Liver and kidney function parameters were also estimated. Treatment with GII for 15 days in the subdiabetic
and moderately diabetic rabbits and for 30 days in the severely diabetic rabbits (i) decreased the elevated lipids TC, TG,
(LDL + VLDL)C and increased the decreased (HDL)C, (ii) decreased the elevated liver and heart total lipids, TC and TG, (iii)
increased the decreased liver and muscle glycogen, (iv) increased the decreased hexokinase, glucokinase, pyruvate kinase,
malic enzyme, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, (v) decreased the increased
glucose-6-phosphatase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, aldose reductase. Results thus show that treatment with GII compound purified
from fenugreek seeds for 15 days in the subdiabetic and moderately diabetic and 30 days in the severely diabetic rabbits corrects
the altered serum lipids, tissue lipids, glycogen, enzymes of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycogen metabolism, polyol pathway
and antioxidant enzymes. Histopathological abnormalities (fatty infiltration and other cellular changes) seen in the pancreas,
liver, heart and kidneys were repaired after treatment with GII. In fact partially damaged pancreas was repaired. Liver and
kidney function test results were normal in the GII treated animals indicating that GII treatment is safe and free from any
side effects. 相似文献
6.
The EGF-R, also known as HER-1 or erbB-1 (EGF-R/HER-1/erbB-1), is a member of the human epithelial receptor tyrosine kinase
family. sEGF-R is considered to play a role in cardiac (patho)physiology. We aimed to investigate whether soluble EGF-R is
increased in congestive heart failure (CHF) patients and if related to disease severity. Soluble EGF-R, vitamin D, parathyroid
hormone (PTH) was studied, and being evaluated in relation to Ca2+, lipids, hsCRP, fibrinogen, serotonin, norepinepherine (NE). The study compared non-smoker, non-obese male CHF patients (n = 50) with age and gender-matched essential hypertension (HTN) patients (n = 20). Moreover, comparison with healthy control volunteers (n = 20) were employed. EGF-R/HER-1/erbB-1 was higher (P = 0.013) in 50 CHF male patients mean 12 ± 0.7 fmol/ml, than in 20 HTN, 9.25 ± 0.6 fmol/ml or in 20 controls, 6.25 ± 1 fmol/ml.
Serum EGF-R levels correlated positively with hsCRP and NE, and were highest among CVD patients (n = 70) as well as negatively with vitamin D and HDL-C. EGF-R/HER-1/erbB-1 levels are increased in HTN and more in CHF patients.
This study confirms a strong association between catecholamines as well as EGF-R/HER-1/erbB-1 levels with PTH and low vitamin
D levels, being related to hyperlipidemia and inflammation (hsCRP and fibrinogen) in CVD. Moreover, contributing to the complex
process of the inflammatory component of atherosclerosis in hypertensive patients that leads eventually to CHF. 相似文献
7.
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (γ-GT) is a microsomal enzyme. Its activity in serum is assayed in alcoholics with liver abscess
and alcoholics without liver abscess after screening by ultrasonography. The enzyme activity in serum is increased by 334%
in the patients with liver abscess compared to normal control subjects (p<0.0001), and 172% when compared to patients with
chronic alcoholism without liver abscess (p<0.0001). The enzyme activity was increased by 59.3% in the serum of patients without
liver abscess compared to the normal control subjects (p<0.001). Measurement of γ-GT in serum appears to be a sensitive index
in the diagnosis of alcoholics with liver abscess. 相似文献
8.
Shilpa Reddy Ganasyam Talluri Bhaskar Rao Y. S. R. Murthy Akka Jyothy Madireddy Sujatha 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2012,27(1):69-73
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a multifactorial disease where both genetic and environmental factors contribute to its pathogenesis.
Estrogen plays an important role in type 2 DM pathogenesis. A number of polymorphisms have been reported in the estrogen receptor
(ESR1), including the XbaI and PvuII restriction enzyme polymorphisms of ESR1,which may be involved in disease pathogenesis. Metallothioneins (MT) act as potent
antioxidants against various oxidative damages. Very few studies have indicated the association between Estrogen Receptor-α,
MT1 gene polymorphisms with type2 DM. A total of 100 type 2 diabetic women and 100 age, sex matched controls were recruited.
Using the PCR based RFLP method, the PvuII and XbaI polymorphisms of ESR1 and in MT1A (rs8052394 and rs11076161) gene polymorphisms were analysed. The genotype distribution and frequency of mutated allele showed no significant differences
between diabetic and non-diabetic groups in PvuII (χ2 = 2.443; P = 0.1181) or XbaI (χ2 = 1.789; P = 0.1812) and rs8052394 (χ2 = 1.154; P = 0.2840) or rs11076161 (χ2 = 0.4141; P = 0.5199), polymorphisms. This is the first Indian study to conclude that ESR1 and MT1 gene polymorphisms are not associated
with increased susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in Indian women. 相似文献
9.
Gacche RN Shaikh RU Chapole SM Jadhav AD Jadhav SG 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2011,26(3):303-308
The study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant activity and effect of Cymbopogon martinii (Roxb.) Wats. (Poaceae) leaves on the activity of monoamine oxidase and kinetics of enzyme inhibition. Ethanol extract of
C. martinii and rat brain mitochondrial monoamine oxidase preparation ware used to study the kinetics of enzyme inhibition using double
reciprocal Lineweaver–Burk plot. The DPPH was used as a source of free radical to evaluate antioxidant potential. It is observed
that, the ethanolic extract of C. martinii inhibits the monoamine oxidase activity with competitive mode of inhibition. The V
max (0.01 mM/min) remained constant while, K
m varied from 21.00 ± 1.1, 43.33 ± 1.5 and 83.33 ± 1.4 mM for 100–500 μg/ml concentration of C. martinii. The K
i values were calculated to be 90.00 ± 0.87, 75.00 ± 0.69, 68.18 ± 0.68 μg for 100–500 μg/ml concentration of C. martini. It also shows a significant DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazine) radical scavenging (IC50 = 0.34 ± 0.05 mg/ml) and reducing activity (IC50 = 0.70 ± 0.22 mg/ml). The C. martini can be considered as a possible source of MAO inhibitor used in the treatment of depression and other neurological disorders. 相似文献
10.
HS Batra Ashwini Kumar TK Saha Pratibha Misra Vivek Ambade 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2015,30(2):230-233
To establish utility of single enzymatic marker for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. This is a cohort study. Tertiary care centre proven cases of acute pancreatitis (n = 50) admitted in surgery ward between December 2011 and May 2013 were included in the study. Serum amylase and lipase were performed along with many analytes. All relevant data including serum lab values and imaging were collected. All 50 patients included in the study had raised serum lipase, 42 patients had both amylase and lipase raised, 8 patients had amylase normal but lipase raised. In smaller hospitals where limited lab and radiological facilities are available, estimation of serum lipase will be a better choice over serum amylase in diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. 相似文献
11.
Zubieta-Calleja G Zubieta-Castillo G Zubieta-Calleja L Ardaya-Zubieta G Paulev PE 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2011,26(1):62-65
As the oxygen tension of inspired air falls with increasing altitude in normal subjects, hyperventilation ensues. This acute
respiratory alkalosis, induces increased renal excretion of bicarbonate, returning the pH back to normal, giving rise to compensated
respiratory alkalosis or chronic hypocapnia. It seems a contradiction that so many normal people at high altitude should permanently
live as chronic acid–base patients. Blood gas analyses of 1,865 subjects at 3,510 m, reported a P
aCO2 (arterial carbon dioxide tension ± SEM) = 29.4 ± 0.16 mmHg and pH = 7.40 ± 0.005. Base excess, calculated with the Van Slyke
sea level equation, is −5 mM (milliMolar or mmol/l) as an average, suggesting chronic hypocapnia. THID, a new term replacing
“Base Excess” is determined by titration to a pH of 7.40 at a P
aCO2 of 5.33 kPa (40 mmHg) at sea level, oxygen saturated and at 37°C blood temperature. Since our new modified Van Slyke equations
operate with normal values for P
aCO2 at the actual altitude, a calculation of THID will always result in normal values—that is, zero. 相似文献
12.
Kannapiran M Nisha D Madhusudhana Rao A 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2010,25(4):380-384
Serum creatinine (SCr) levels are frequently used as a screening test to assess impaired renal function; however, patients
can have significantly decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) with normal SCr values and making the recognition of kidney
dysfunction more difficult. Hence, this study was designed to determine the extent of misclassification of the patients who
have significantly reduced GFR as calculated by reexpressed four variable modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) equation
but, normal range of SCr. The study included 1040 in and out patients referred by physicians for serum creatinine measurement.
When an exclusion criterion was applied 928 patients were qualified for the study. SCr was measured in 928 patients by a Roche
kinetic compensated Jaffe’s assay. GFR was calculated using reexpressed four variable MDRD study equation. Of the 928 patients
270 (29.1%) had renal dysfunction on the basis of eGFR (<60 ml/min/1.73 m2). However, with SCr only 162 (17.5%) patients had abnormal renal function (>1.5 mg/dl) and SCr values misrepresented (108)
11.6% patients with impaired kidney function. In addition, more females, about 15% were failed to detect by SCr method in
contrast to males of 9%. This study documented that, a large proportion of patients with impaired renal function are not diagnosed
if clinicians rely solely on normal SCr as evidence of normal renal function. Inclusion of eGFR calculated by re-expressed
4 variable MDRD equation may facilitates the early identification and intervention of patients with renal impairment. 相似文献
13.
Laboratory infarction diagnostics are based on the detection of elevated serum activities of total Creatine Kinase (CK), Creatine
Kinase isoensyme MB, (CKMB), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), isoenzyme forms of LDH and transaminases. Determination of these
cardiac marker enzymes permits a highly sensitive diagnosis of transmural myocardial infarction. In such patients the diagnosis
of acute myocardial infarction can be confirmed by the clinical, symptoms, and changes in the ECG in addition to the enzyme
assays. The 50 AMI patients selected in the present study were those admitted to the ICCU of Shri Krishna Hospital, Karamsad.
The blood samples were taken at the time of admission (ie. within four hours of the start of chest pain). The samples were
analyzed for CK, CKMB, SGOT, (Serum glutamate oxaloactate transaminase) αHBDH α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and troponin
T. The serum CKMB activity in AMI showed an increase only 5–6 hours after the commencement of chest pain. The elevation in
SGOT and αHBDH was still delayed. At the same time we could observe that the cardiac Troponin T (cTnT) was elevated at the
time of admission of the patient itself. This increase of cTnT in AMI patients was 20 times higher than the normal blood donors.
The controls included 25 normal blood donors and 25 patients with polytraumatic injuries with no chest contusion. The study
shows that cTnT estimation could serve in the early diagnosis of AMI. The increase of cardiac troponin T in AMI patients was
20 times higher than the normal blood donors in AMI patients at the time of admission. Cardiac troponin T in serum appears
to be a more sensitive indicator of myocardial cell injury than CKMB activity and its detection in the circulation may be
a useful prognostic indicator in patients with unstable angina as well. When the blood of normal blood donors or that of patients
with polytraumatic injury was analysed the troponin T values were well within the normal range in both the above categories
showing that cardiac troponin T is highly specific for heart tissue. Although CKMB and cardiac troponin T are released soon
after the myocardial injury, the release of cardiac troponin T is much earlier than CKMB thereby invalidating the important
role of cardiac troponin T in diagnosing AMI. Cardiac troponin T has been shown to be highly sensitive for cardiac injury
and not elevated in any other trauma, heavy exercise or skeletal muscle injury. Cardiac troponin T is ordinarily undetectable
in healthy individuals, and so its measurement can serve as a powerful tool in the diagnosis of AMI. 相似文献
14.
India seems to have the highest prevalence of osteoporosis. With growing awareness of osteoporosis and its impact on life
span especially in India, special attention is being paid to early detection, management and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis
in women. Measurement of BMD and osteocalcin are of value in estimating bone turnover rates. The aim of this study is (1)
to measure the specific, sensitive bone formation marker such as osteocalcin and BMD in postmenopausal osteoporosis women
and postmenopausal non-osteoporosis women; (2) the follow up study to evaluate the impact of specific antiresorptive therapy
(alendronate + calcium + vitamin D) regimen in postmenopausal osteoporosis by assaying osteocalcin and BMD. Sixty clinically
diagnosed postmenopausal osteoporosis patients and 60 normal subjects (postmenopausal non-osteoporosis women) were recruited
as control. Mean bone mineral density T score and Z score was significantly decreased (P < 0.001) in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients as compared to controls. Highly significant increase in the mean score of
BMD—T score and Z score from baseline to post therapy of 3 months was observed in postmenopausal osteoporosis women. Serum osteocalcin levels
were significantly increased (P < 0.001) as compared to control group. Serum osteocalcin levels were decreased significantly (P < 0.001) from baseline to post therapy of 3 months in postmenopausal osteoporosis women. BMD is the best quantifiable predictor
of osteoporotic fracture and osteocalcin is specific, sensitive, promising, currently used marker for better prognosis of
osteoporosis and for monitoring responses to antiresorptive therapy. 相似文献
15.
Krishnamurthy N Arumugasamy K Anand U Anand CV Aruna V Venu G 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2011,26(2):120-124
Cystatin C is an emerging parameter for the assessment of renal allograft function. The objective of the study was to compare
the efficacy of serum cystatin C (SCys) with the established parameter serum creatinine (SCr) in the assessment of renal function
in renal transplant recipients (RTR). The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 renal transplant patients and 29 control
subjects was determined using 99mTc Diethylene-triamine-penta-acetate (DTPA) method. SCr was measured using an automated Jaffe’s assay and SCys was measured
using latex particle enhanced turbidimetric immuno assay (PETIA). The modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula
was used to calculate GFR from SCr, while the Le Bricon formula was used to derive GFR based on SCys. Statistical analysis
was performed using MedCalc software. SCr and SCys levels were significantly higher, while DTPA clearance was significantly
lower in RTR (P < 0.0001) when compared with controls. The correlation coefficient (r value) between calculated GFR based on MDRD method and DTPA clearance was 0.343 (P = 0.06) while the calculated GFR based on Le Bricon formula was 0.694 (P < 0.001). The results have shown that SCys is a better parameter than SCr in assessing renal function in RTR. The inclusion
of SCys as an additional parameter would certainly help in detection of even a marginal decline in renal function and also
in adjusting the dosage of immunosuppressive drugs. 相似文献
16.
J. J. Fleming S. Santhosh R. Selvakumar A. Jose C. E. Eapen 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2009,24(1):15-22
Serum ceruloplasmin is one of the most commonly used screening tests for Wilson’s disease. However immunological assays for
ceruloplasmin are not recommended for diagnosis and management of Wilson’s disease through calculation of free copper index.
Enzymatic methods using non-physiological substrates have toxicity and stability problems, making them difficult to automate.
Ferroxidase assays may be a satisfactory alternative for measuring serum ceruloplasmin. The o-dianisidine hydrochloride manual
method for estimation of serum ceruloplasmin enzyme activity was compared with an automated method using the ferroxidase activity
of ceruloplasmin in measurement in a double blind study in 91 consecutive patients screened for Wilson’s disease. The o-dianisidine
and ferroxidase methods both successfully identified 7 patients with Wilson’s disease. Values for these 7 patients in the
o-dianisidine and ferroxidase methods were median 5.0 (range 0–16.0 U/L) and median 45.0 (range 4–166 U/L) respectively. There
were 7 other positive values (<62 U/L) with the o-diansidine method and 2 (<200 U/L) with the ferroxidase method, where WD
was not confirmed. ROC curves for both methods showed area under the curve of 0.998 for o-dianisidine and 0.997 for ferroxidase.
Using literature cut off values of 62 U/L and 200 U/L respectively both methods had 100% sensitivity and specificity was 91.7%
(o-dianisidine) and 97.6% (ferroxidase). For the o-dianisidine assay, specificity was improved to 98.8% using a cut off of
22.5 U/L. In the 84 persons (46 adults and 38 children) in whom the diagnosis of Wilson’s disease was not established, the
mean value for ceruloplasmin activity by the o-dianisidine and ferroxidase methods was 124.7 ± 48.7 U/L and 571.4 ± 168.1
U/L respectively. There were no significant differences between sex or age of patients (p > 0.29). In a subsequent evaluation
with 372 specimens, the Pearson correlation coefficient between the assays was 0.908, p < 0.01, slope 4.06, intercept 265.8,
with the manual assay as the x-axis. The ferroxidase assay is a suitable replacement for the o-dianisidine assay in detecting
patients with Wilson’s disease. 相似文献
17.
K. Devika Rani N. Suneetha Shruti Mohanty Pragna Rao 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(2):150-153
This study is conducted in chronic alcoholics to assess the association of an Individual’s level of serum homocysteine with
the success of achieving alcohol deaddiction in the patient. The patients’ nutrition status is also assessed. 50 chronic alcoholics
admitted to a deaddiction center were inducted into the study. Patients underwent an 8 weeks holistic program to promote rehabilitation
from alcoholism. All the patients were addicted to alcohol for 8 – 10 years. Of the 50 patients enrolled, 39 of them completed
the 8 weeks program including complete abstinence from alcohol during this period. Fasting blood samples were collected on
admission and again after 8 weeks of alcohol abstinence for analyses of serum homocysteine and serum prealbumin, transferrin,
total proteins and albumin, gammaglutamyl transferase (GGT) and alanine transaminase (ALT). Of the 50 patients enrolled in
the study, 39 completed the 8 weeks rehabilitation program. 11 patients discontinued within 2 weeks of admission. During the
8 weeks of complete alcohol abstinence, patients were given a balanced diet and multivitamin supplements. A significant improvement
in their nutritional status was noted by the elevation of serum levels of prealbumin, transferrin, total proteins and albumin.
Serum homocysteine levels decreased significantly (p<0.002) to normal levels from previous hyperhomocytenemia. This was accompanied
by decrease in serum GGT and ALT levels indicating improved liver functions. Serum estimation of homocysteine in chronic alcoholics
is important to assess whether the patient will have a successful rehabilitation. Normal homocysteine levels are achieved
after dietary changes and abstinence from alcohol. Timely correction of hyperhomocysteinemia also provides successful rehabilitation. 相似文献
18.
Prasad P. Torkadi I. C. Apte A. K. Bhute 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2014,29(1):79-83
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is due to excessive alcohol intake for long duration. Distinguishing ALD from non-ALD (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, hepatitis of viral origin) is difficult as patient may deny alcohol abuse. Clinical examination, histology and serology may not differentiate these conditions. Accurate diagnosis is important as management of ALD differs from non-ALD patients. The aim of our study was (1) To evaluate the patients of ALD and non-ALD by biochemical parameters compared to controls, (2) To assess whether these parameters can differentiate ALD from non-ALD. Study was carried out on 50 patients of ALD in group I and 35 patients of NASH (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis) and acute viral hepatitis each in group II. Age matched healthy controls n = 50. Selection criteria—history of alcohol intake (amount and duration), clinical examination, sonography of abdomen, serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and bilirubin levels. Blood samples were analyzed for bilirubin, aspartate transaminase (AST), ALT, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) by kinetic method. Statistical analysis was done by Student unpaired ‘t’ test. Patients of ALD have raised AST/ALT ratio (De Ritis ratio) (>2), ALP and GGT compared to controls (P < 0.01).There is significant difference in AST/ALT ratio, serum GGT and ALP in ALD group compared to that in NASH and acute viral hepatitis (P < 0.05). This study suggests that De Ritis ratio >2 in ALD patients may be due to alcohol induced hepatic mitochondrial injury and pyridoxine deficiency. High GGT and ALP values may indicate enzyme induction by alcohol and mild cholestasis. Thus ALD patients have severe hepatic damage. De Ritis ratio <1 and normal to mild elevation in GGT level in NASH and acute viral hepatitis suggest mild hepatic injury of non-alcoholic origin. Our study concludes that ALD patients can be differentiated from NASH and acute viral hepatitis with certainty by measuring serum AST/ALT ratio, GGT and ALP. These biochemical parameters may help clinicians to support the diagnosis of ALD and non-ALD. 相似文献
19.
Singh TD Barbhuiya MA Gupta S Shrivastav BR Jalaj V Agarwal N Tiwari PK 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2011,26(2):146-153
We have studied the expression of lactate dehydrogenase and its isoforms in gall bladder cancer, cholelithiasis and chronic
cholecystitis. Quantitative and qualitative assays of lactate dehydrogenase and its various isoforms were carried out in the
blood sera of patients and healthy controls along with parallel estimation of various liver function test enzymes. Statistical
analysis was done using the software Graph Pad Prism. Significantly high expression of lactate dehydrogenase along with alkaline
phosphatase and total bilirubin (P ≤ 0.05) was observed in all the three clinical conditions as compared to controls. LDH showed an increasing trend from stage
I to stage IV of GBC indicating a significant positive association with the disease progression. The levels of LDH 3 and 4
isoforms appeared significantly more elevated in GBC than cholelithiasis or chronic cholecystitis. We suggest that a careful
estimation of total LDH and its isoforms 3 and 4 alone or along with alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin during different
clinical stages, like chronic cholecystitis, cholelithiasis and GBC, may prove to be a potentially useful biomarker in the
prognostic management of gall bladder diseases, specifically GBC. 相似文献
20.
Bincy Verghese Sonu Bhatnagar Ramchander Tanwar Jayashree Bhattacharjee 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2011,26(4):373-377
Psoriasis is chronic autoimmune hyperproliferative skin disease with a population prevalence of 1.5–3%. The cause of psoriasis
is still not fully understood. It has been hypothesized to be an immune-mediated disorder in which the excessive reproduction
of keratinocytes is due to cytokines such as interferon (IFN)-gamma and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, secreted by infiltrating
CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells. The aim of our study was to determine the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6 & IL-10 in
psoriasis patients and compare it with healthy controls. 30 clinically diagnosed psoriasis patients and 30 age and sex matched
healthy controls were included in the study. The serum cytokine levels were measured by solid phase sandwich ELISA (DIACLONE
Research, France). TNF-α and IL-6 levels were significantly raised in patients and the results were statistically significant
(P < 0.001). IL-4 levels were higher in patients than in controls (1.91 ± 4.7 pg/ml in cases & 0.9 ± 0.3 pg/ml in controls)
but were not statistically significant. Interestingly, IL-10 levels were found to be higher in controls than in patients but
again, it was not statistically significant. Pro-inflammatory cytokines play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis
and it is the type 1(TH1) cytokine pattern, i.e., IL-6 & TNF-α, which predominate in the psoriatic T cell response. Further
studies on IL-10 levels in psoriasis are recommended to establish their exact role in the pathogenesis of the disease. 相似文献