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我国优秀女子铁饼运动员宋爱民投掷铁饼技术的三维运动学分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
宋爱民是我国优秀的女子铁饼运动员之一,她的技术风格代表了我国优秀的女子铁饼运动员的技术特征,发挥了我国优秀女子铁饼运动员身材灵巧的特点。运用三维摄像法对宋爱民的完整技术进行分析,得出相关数据,并与国外优秀运动员进行对比分析。研究结果表明:在右脚着地到左脚着地阶段,宋爱民的技术特点表现出非常快的特点,投掷臂在旋转过程中不太稳定,造成了一部分速度的损失。 相似文献
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采用文献资料法、三雏高速摄像法、影像解析法和数理统计法,对现阶段我国优秀女子铁饼运动员的旋转技术进行运动学分析.研究发现,划分我国优秀女子铁饼运动员旋转技术风格的运动学特征主要有以下三个:1)摆动腿的摆动方式,包括"弧线"大半径和"直线"小半径摆动;2)重心的位移轨迹,包括拐点明显的"倒7"和拐点不明显的"倒7"以及重心轨迹方向同投掷方向是否一致;3)重心位移距离的长短.这三个主要运动学特征的不同组合构成了我国优秀女子铁饼运动员不同的旋转技术风格,不同运动员间的相似运动学特征对改进技术具有重要的指导意义. 相似文献
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中外优秀女子铁饼运动员旋转阶段相关运动学参数的比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用文献资料法、比较研究法、数理统计等方法对中外优秀女子铁饼运动员旋转技术的相关运动学参数进行对照。结果表明，中国优秀选手在身体重心运动变化等多项指标中与国外优秀选手存在一定的差距，揭示中国优秀选手旋转技术的一般性规律与特征。旨在为中国优秀铁饼运动员的科学训练提供定量化参考依据。 相似文献
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本文主要采用文献资料法,比较法,数理统计等方法对中外优秀女子铁饼运动员的技术特征进行认真的分析和比较对照。结果发现影响我国女子铁饼成绩的关键是出手速度慢,出手角度小,而影响出手速度的主要因素是旋转技术。本文主要从投掷技术各阶段的时间和空间结合,总结出各运动员投掷的技术特征。 相似文献
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张良 《天津体育学院学报》2009,24(3):265-268
采用文献资料法、三维录像解析法以及数理统计等研究方法,以2007年全国田径锦标赛女子铁饼前8名的投掷技术为研究对象,对我国优秀女子铁饼运动员在掷铁饼最后用力阶段身体重心的时间、空间以及速度节奏进行了定量分析.同时采用Person相关分析对我国优秀女子铁饼运动员最后用力阶段身体重心的时间、空间以及速度的变化与投掷成绩进行了检验,提出了我国优秀女子铁饼运动员最后用力阶段身体重心节奏变化的量化指标. 相似文献
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我国女子铁饼运动员旋转阶段环节技术指标的三维运动学分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
运用三维摄像方法对我国8名优秀女子掷铁饼运动员（右手掷铁饼）的旋转技术进行研究,利用三维运动快速解析系统获取数据,经皮尔森相关分析获得旋转阶段各个环节与铁饼成绩相关密切的指标.通过分析得出：不同阶段对铁饼最后成绩的影响指标有所不同. 相似文献
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对我国优秀男子铁饼运动员投掷技术的运动学分析 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
通过对我国优秀男子铁饼运动员旋转掷铁饼技术的速度结构特征和动作结构特征的初步分析,发现我国男子铁饼运动员与国外优秀运动员的主要差距是双支撑起转阶段和旋转阶段铁饼的速度损失较大。腾空和过渡时间长、肩髋柔韧性差、最后用力时机晚等是影响我国运动员铁饼速度发挥的主要因素。 相似文献
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采用文献资料法、三维录像解析法以及数理统计法,以2007年全国田径锦标赛女子铁饼比赛前8名运动员的投掷技术为研究对象,对我国优秀女子铁饼运动员最后用力阶段肩、髋速度变化进行分析.结果表明:在最后用力的两个阶段,我国优秀女子铁饼运动员肩、髋速度变化差异较大,并且莱些环节速度变化与成绩之间存在显著相关关系. 相似文献
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目前,我国优秀女子铁饼运动员的成绩与世界一流水平相比,存在不少差距。本文将第6届全运会优秀女子铁饼运动员的技术动作分为4个时相,对其运动学特征进行解析,为改进技术动作、提高运动成绩提供参考依据。 相似文献
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Terry J. Housh William G. Thorland Gerald D. Tharp Glen O. Johnson Craig J. Cisar 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):347-350
Abstract Sixty-two elite adolescent (age: 16.39 ± 1.62 yrs) female track and field athletes volunteered to be measured isokinetically for peak torque of the leg flexors and extensors. The sample included 16 throwers, 11 jumpers, 12 middle-distance runners (> 400 m), and 23 sprinters. A Cybex II isokinetic dynamometer was used to measure dominant leg strength at 180°/sec. One-way ANOVA revealed significant between group differences for absolute flexion and extension (Nm), extension/body weight (Nm/Kg), and extension/lean body weight (Nm/Kg). Scheffe post-hoc comparisons showed that, for absolute leg extension strength, throwers were stronger than middle-distance runners (by 54.4%), sprinters (35.6%), and jumpers (23.6%). For absolute leg flexion movements, throwers were stronger than middle distance runners (37.4%) and sprinters (32.1%). Jumpers had greater extension peak torque values than middle-distance runners relative to body weight (14.0%), and throwers were stronger than middle-distance runners for extension/lean body weight (14.9%)). No other comparisons were significant. However, when strength was expressed relative to body weight or lean body weight, there were few differences between events for flexion or extension. Given that absolute strength scores were correlated with body weight and lean body weight, peak torque/body weight or peak torque/lean body weight may be more sensitive than absolute values as indicators of underlying factors (such as training status or fiber type composition) responsible for the differences in muscular strength between groups. 相似文献
12.
Leigh S Yu B 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2007,6(3):269-284
The aim of this study was to identify associations between discus throwing performance and the technical parameters of: hip-shoulder and shoulder-arm separation, trunk forward-backward tilt, and throwing-arm elevation angles. Video data of male and female discus throwers' competitive performances were captured during major competitions. Real-life three-dimensional coordinates of 21 body landmarks, and the discus's centre, were obtained for 94 trials using the direct linear transformation procedure. Each technical parameter was reduced at six critical instants. The trend of each parameter across four standards of performance was analysed separately for both sexes. For the female throwers, hip-shoulder and shoulder-arm separations after the flight phase, as well as forward-backward trunk tilts at the beginning and end of the throwing procedure were associated with performance. For male throwers, only the hip-shoulder separation immediately before the flight phase was associated with performance. These findings suggest that the relationships between technical parameters and discus throwing performance are different for males and females. Our results suggest that elite female discus throwers are reliant on effective technique throughout the throwing procedure to achieve long distances, whereas male discus throwers may have a relatively homogeneous technique, and a dependence on physical strength to achieve their long throws. 相似文献
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Steve Leigh 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(3):269-284
The aim of this study was to identify associations between discus throwing performance and the technical parameters of: hip–shoulder and shoulder–arm separation, trunk forward–backward tilt, and throwing-arm elevation angles. Video data of male and female discus throwers' competitive performances were captured during major competitions. Real-life three-dimensional coordinates of 21 body landmarks, and the discus's centre, were obtained for 94 trials using the direct linear transformation procedure. Each technical parameter was reduced at six critical instants. The trend of each parameter across four standards of performance was analysed separately for both sexes. For the female throwers, hip–shoulder and shoulder–arm separations after the flight phase, as well as forward–backward trunk tilts at the beginning and end of the throwing procedure were associated with performance. For male throwers, only the hip–shoulder separation immediately before the flight phase was associated with performance. These findings suggest that the relationships between technical parameters and discus throwing performance are different for males and females. Our results suggest that elite female discus throwers are reliant on effective technique throughout the throwing procedure to achieve long distances, whereas male discus throwers may have a relatively homogeneous technique, and a dependence on physical strength to achieve their long throws. 相似文献
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We aimed to assess the relationship between throwing distance and kinematic release parameters of the flying disc in unskilled throwers, and to assess the relationship between kinetic variables acting on flying discs and the change in spin velocity during long forehand throws by skilled and unskilled throwers. Ten skilled and eleven unskilled throwers performed throws at maximum effort. Reflective marker positions on the disc and body were recorded with a 3D motion capture system during the throws to derive kinematic variables of a disc and kinetic variables acting on the disc. The analysis interval was from maximum external shoulder rotation to disc release. Significant correlations were observed between the throwing distance and spin velocity in skilled (r = 0.722, P < 0.05) and unskilled throwers (r = 0.794, P < 0.01), between the change in spin velocity and the angular impulse of moments of force, in unskilled throwers (r = 0.703, P < 0.05), and between the change in spin velocity and the angular impulse of torque among skilled throwers (r = 0.680, P < 0.01). Therefore, a strategy for increasing spin velocity in unskilled throwers could be used to generate a larger torque, similar to that observed in skilled throwers. 相似文献
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采用关联分析方法,对中国8名优秀女子铁饼运动员的7项身体素质指标进行对比分析,找出各项身体素质指标对运动成绩影响的主次关系。在此基础上,与国外优秀女子铁饼运动员进行对比,从中发现我国女子铁饼运动员身体训练中的不足,并对今后的训练提出建议。 相似文献
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Javelin throwing is technically demanding. Sequences of upper and lower extremity motions are important for javelin throwing performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the general sequences of upper and lower extremity motions of elite male and female javelin throwers. Three-dimensional kinematic data were collected for 32 female and 30 male elite javelin throwers during competitions. Shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, ankle, lower trunk, and upper trunk joint and segment angles were reduced for the best trial of each participant. Beginning times of 6 upper extremity and 10 lower extremity joint and segment angular motions were identified. Sequences of the upper and lower extremity motions were determined through statistical analyses. Upper and lower extremity motions of the male and female elite javelin throwers followed specific sequences (P?≤?0.050). Upper extremity motions of the male and female elite javelin throwers did not follow a proximal-to-distal sequence as suggested in the literature. Male and female elite javelin throwers apparently employed different sequences for upper and lower extremity motions (P?相似文献
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Viitasalo J Mononen H Norvapalo K 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2003,2(1):15-34
Range in javelin throwing is determined by the release parameters and aerodynamic factors. The current study was designed to investigate the effects of release speed, release angle and uncorrected angle of attack measured at the foul line on the official javelin throwing result. The data were collected in international competitions for 26 elite male and 15 elite female javelin throwers (total 248 throws). Multiple regression models were constructed to predict the range of throw for a) individual throwers, b) a group of throwers using the mean value for each thrower in the analysis, and c) all individual throws registered for each gender separately. The data collection was carried out using a computerised photocell gate that consists of two invisible infrared walls two metres apart, perpendicular to the throwing direction. Release speed was found to have the highest correlation with the official throwing result. The three release parameters accounted for 56% of the variance in the official result for the male and 51% for the female throwers. For individual male and female throwers, the variance explained by the model was between 46 and 87%. Among the individual male throwers an increase of 1 m.s-1 in the release speed from 29 to 30 m.s-1 was calculated to increase the official result between 2.12 to 6.14 m while among the female throwers the effect of increase from 24 to 25 m.s-1 in the release speed was from 2.25 to 3.68 m. The study emphasises the importance of investigating javelin throwing biomechanics on an individual thrower basis. 相似文献
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对我国优秀女子标枪运动员早衰现象及其训练学原因的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对我国优秀女子标枪运动员早衰的调查研究表明,我国优秀女子标枪运动寿命比世界选手平均少５．５岁,明显存在早衰现象。从训练学因素研究表明,导致我国女子标枪运动员早衰的原因是：运动负荷过大,基础阶段训练手段单一,大力量练习过多,运动年限较短,过于专项成绩,运动员损伤严重等 相似文献
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中、外优秀标枪运动员投掷步技术有关环节运动学特征的比较研究 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
通过对参加第 4届城市运动会 (1999.西安 )男、女标枪比赛运动员 2 5人次投掷步技术现场摄像的解析 ,并与世界优秀运动员投掷步有关环节运动学参数变化的对比分析发现 ,我国男子标枪运动员投掷步第 1、第 2步躯干后倾角过大 ,第 2～第 3步躯干后倾角则相对较小 ,以至交叉步的动作幅度受到影响 ,女子标枪运动员交叉步存在下肢前移幅度不够 ;投掷步第 4步左膝弯屈程度较大 ,左侧支撑无力是我国优秀标枪运动员该技术环节的共性特征。 相似文献