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1.
The Department of Energy's (DOE) scientific and technical information system, operational since the mid-1940s, is described as an example of the manner by which a large Federal R&D agency organizes, manages, and disseminates the information produced by its laboratories and contractor organizations. The role of the Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI) within the DOE R&D cycle and its place in the DOE information infrastructure are outlined. OSTI's activities, products, and services are described under the following headings: management and dissemination of DOE research results; access to worldwide information on energy R&D; information management and accountability systems; and information consulting and specialized services.  相似文献   

2.
Canada's national science library, the National Research Council Canada Institute for Scientific and Technical Information, is in the process of transforming its traditional document delivery services to meet the emerging needs of users. As such, the Canada Institute for Scientific and Technical Information has developed a suite of Web-based services, partnerships, and collaborations to better serve its users. These components have been brought together to create new service offerings such as Discover, and the National Research Council Canada Institute for Scientific and Technical Information Standards Store. Quicker, more flexible and convenient access to the world's scientific, technical, and medical information from the Canada Institute for Scientific and Technical Information and from sites where users congregate across the Web is the goal of Canada Institute for Scientific and Technical Information's new breed of information delivery services.  相似文献   

3.
李艳 《图书情报工作》2007,51(11):17-20,78
互联网和知识经济的兴起,给具有悠久历史的图书情报工作带来了极大的挑战。信息过剩而知识稀缺正成为今日图书情报部门之最真实写照。图书情报部门通过开展竞争情报工作,推动业务升级,已是大势所趋。为此,本文以加拿大科技信息研究、万方、西信、上海科技情报所和宝钢科技情报所等为代表的一批图书情报机构,在提供竞争情报服务方面的典型案例为研究切入点,探讨了图书情报部门提供竞争情报服务的几种模式以及为应对业务升级要做的准备。  相似文献   

4.
以美国洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室(LANL)研究图书馆、加拿大科技信息研究所(CISTI)、德国马普学会数字图书馆(MPDL)三家图书馆为例,分析国外文献信息服务机构的知识服务实践,总结知识化、网络化时代知识服务的模式与机制,主要包括图书馆服务模式转型优化、机构知识资产管理、科研数据管理与服务、构建虚拟研究环境、改进学术信息交流模式和环境5个方面。  相似文献   

5.
We characterize the temporal dynamics of Scientific Fitness, as defined by the Economic Fitness and Complexity (EFC) framework, and R&D expenditures at the geographic scale of nations. Our analysis highlights common patterns across similar research systems, and shows how developing nations (China in particular) are quickly catching up with the developed world. This paints the picture of a general growth of scientific and technical capabilities of nations induced by the spreading of information typical of the scientific environment. Shifting the focus of the analysis to the regional level, we find that even developed nations display a considerable level of inequality in the Scientific Fitness of their internal regions. Further, we assess comparatively how the competitiveness of each geographic region is distributed over the spectrum of research sectors. Overall, the Scientific Fitness represents the first high quality estimation of the scientific strength of nations and regions, opening new policy-making applications for better allocating resources, filling inequality gaps and ultimately promoting innovation.  相似文献   

6.
This essay examines how the Socialist Party of America used information to build and sustain a mass movement. It focuses in particular on the Information Department and Research Bureau, a novel approach to information management in the Progressive Era. Led by Carl D. Thompson, the Information Department provided a model for democratizing information, and, in so doing, made the class struggle as much a struggle over facts as the rights to the full products of one's labor.  相似文献   

7.
山西省重型机械科技文献信息资源与服务平台是太原科技大学图书馆承接山西省科技厅的科技文献信息资源与服务平台项目的子项目。文章最先分析了开发建设该平台项目的学术科研基础,并详细阐述了该平台项目的开发模式,进而说明了该平台项目的开发保障,并明确了该平台项目的开发目标,最后对该平台项目开发的效果进行设想。  相似文献   

8.
通过对我国公益类科技情报研究机构服务方向及内容的梳理,结合新一轮创新创业的特点和对科技情报服 务的需求,分析公益类科技情报研究机构对创新创业支持的方向,并结合辽宁省科学技术情报研究所面向创新创业主 体的业务活动开展,探讨我国公益类科技情报研究机构在创新体制机制转型发展、科技智库建设、线上线下联动盘活 科技情报信息资源、专业人才队伍建设、知识化应用服务创建品牌产品提供等方向的未来发展路径。  相似文献   

9.
The National Technical Information Service’s development of the FedWorld Internet site, the Library of Congress’s development of THOMAS, and the Government Printing Office’s development of CBDnet illustrate the many forces impacting federal government information dissemination in the 1990s. These forces include budgeting, congressional inconsistency, technology, political agendas, and competition. While information dissemination policy discussion and legislation, including the American Technology Preeminence Act of 1991 (the foundation for FedWorld) and the Government Printing Office Electronic Information Access Enhancement Act of 1993 (the foundation for GPO Access) aim to provide comprehensiveness and single point access to government information, the actual products developed show little coordination or cooperation among agencies. The products are agency driven, and provide multiple points of access. This highly decentralized information reality reflects the decentralized nature of the federal government itself. The reality is removed, however, from the goals of a singularly consistent federal government information dissemination policy.  相似文献   

10.
This article describes the construction of a computerized database of R&D activities in the social sciences in Israel. The aims of this project are described, as well as the problems of constructing a database in a small country with special linguistic problems. The article describes the working procedures, the printed products, and the services offered by the Information Retrieval Center.  相似文献   

11.
应用系统动力学方法对产学研研发合作中的信息资源配置演化机理进行定性与定量研究,构建系统动力学模型,并利用该模型对我国2010-2025年产学研研发合作中的信息资源配置情况进行模拟仿真,根据仿真结果提出信息资源优化配置方案,以此提高研发合作中信息资源的投入-产出效益。  相似文献   

12.
Basic research is the main powerhouse of a country’s potential for continuous economic growth, and national-level scientific research funding is an important source of capital that supports this basic research. Given these observations, this paper takes micro-level data from projects funded by the Department of Management Sciences in the National Natural Science Foundation of China between 2006 and 2010 to examine the relationship between the efficient use of research funding and the level of concentrated funding in certain research institutions. In contrast to the positive externalities produced by the concentration of R&D activities, our study finds that the accumulation of scientific research funding at the institution level is negative correlated with the knowledge output of the principal investigators of projects within the research institution. We explore the sources of the negative correlation and discuss some policy implications.  相似文献   

13.
Nearing its 50th anniversary, the Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) continues to support the conduct of DoD research, development, and engineering programs. DTIC provides a full range of information services, providing its customers with document services, database services, and information analysis. Included in its mission are the investigation, experimentation, and application of advanced information science and technology, permitting it to be a leader in the use of the World Wide Web in the Department of Defense. Scientific and technical information (STI) remains DTIC's primary area of concern, but DTIC's organizational and professional culture of providing information content and DTIC's information technology infrastructure have permitted DTIC to extend its customer base beyond the science and technology communities. DTIC now provides external access to publicly releasable defense informaion such as DoD public affairs, environmental, and economic security information.  相似文献   

14.
The increasing costs of research and the decreasing lifetime of products and processes make the decisions on allocation of R&D funds strategically important. Therefore, ability to predict research trends is crucial in minimizing risks of R&D expenditure planning. The purpose of this paper is to propose a model for efficient prediction of research trends in a chosen branch of science. The approach is based on population dynamics with Burgers’ type global interaction and selective neighborhood. The model is estimated based on a training set. Then, an out-of-sample forecast is performed. The research trends of filtration and rectification processes were analyzed in this paper. The simulation results show that the model is able to predict the trends with a considerable accuracy and should, therefore, be tested on a wider range of research fields.  相似文献   

15.
We trace the reflection of patent information in the database/abstract service of the All-Russia Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of the RAS from the date of their origin. We present the technology for forming the input flow of patent documents. We describe the retrofunds of patent documents reflected in the four blocks of the database of the All-Russia Institute of Scientific and Technical Information on natural science, technical sciences, life sciences and earth sciences in the period from 1981 to 2009. We analyze the distribution dynamics of arrays of patents in the polythematic database and in every block of the database of the All-Russia Institute of Scientific and Technical Information.  相似文献   

16.
竞争情报可以是公共产品吗   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
从中小企业竞争情报和产业竞争情报两个视角研究竞争情报是否可以成为公共产品的问题。对湖南省科学技术信息研究所、香港贸发局商贸资讯中心、加拿大商务专员服务处等国内外机构的业务解析发现,提供竞争情报公共产品已经是客观存在。根据公共产品的判据,围绕目标研究内容是否为竞争情报以及是否为公共产品两个关键点,研究竞争情报公共产品的理论基础。研究发现,在一定约束条件下,竞争情报具有明确的公共产品属性,竞争情报可以是公共产品的观点既有理论依据,又有实践佐证。服务于中小企业、服务于产业竞争是竞争情报公共产品理论研究与实践应用需求最强劲的两个领域。研究认为,面向社会需求提供竞争情报公共产品,是经费充裕时代公益性科技情报机构和公益性图书馆的业务创新方向。  相似文献   

17.
The All-Russian Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of the Russian Academy of Sciences (VINITI RAN) is active in the development of information and analysis technologies at a conceptual and practical level, using both its own and available domestic and foreign information resources. The aim of this paper is to describe (in the light of emerging trends in the institute) promising approaches to more in-depth information processing and analysis of available data, as well as to discuss the possibilities for creating new types of information products and services designed to support management decisions, not only in science and industry, but also, indirectly, in the economy as a whole.  相似文献   

18.
《情报学报》是我国最重要的情报学权威学术刊物。它所发表的论文基本上代表了我国情报学的研究水平 ,既与情报学发展同步 ,又引领我国情报学发展方向 ,这些从发文的栏目设置、来源、时滞以及作者队伍的生产率与分布状况的统计分析可以明显看出。所有这些数据不仅反映着《情报学报》的历程 ,而且也反映着我国情报学发展的动态过程、特点、成就和趋势。  相似文献   

19.
Despite their low pay and clerical status, the women who staffed the National Broadcasting Company’s (NBC) Information Department played an integral role in shaping the national network’s program and public relations policies. As the network’s first line of contact with its audience, Information Department workers influenced public opinion by shaping the networks’ responses to individual audience members’ written complaints. They also processed and molded the information NBC executives used to sell programming to advertisers. Still, as women, they were routinely devalued and their labor dismissed as simultaneously rote, irrelevant, and hyperemotional. This paper brings together internal documents from across NBC’s corporate structure to recover the careers of Anita Barnard and Kathryn Cole, two women who managed the Information Department through the 1940s and 1950s. During this period, the network underwent enormous transitions, including the shift from radio to television and renewed threats of federal regulation. The Information Department’s status waxed and waned along with NBC’s need to appease its audience and recruit and retain sponsors. Barnard and Cole’s status rose when audience information was at a premium, but it fell as soon as network dominance over television was established and financial returns assured.  相似文献   

20.
文章主要目的是介绍由作者提出的“基于云服务的国家科技文献服务系统架构”,同时针对科技文献服务系统对“云服务”的基本概念、模式、本质作了简单阐述。同时为了更好地说明问题,文章还对我国科技文献服务系统的发展历程和现状作了简单回顾。最后通过对湖南省科技文献与创新资源共享服务平台的开发实施及架构作了简单介绍,是对文章提出的系统架构的具体实践和验证。  相似文献   

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