共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 546 毫秒
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在《芬兰基础教育法案》的基础上,芬兰实施了全国性的KiVa反欺凌项目.KiVa项目包含预防性教育的"普遍行为"和制止欺凌案件的"特殊行为".KiVa项目通过建立KiVa项目组和学校项目组网,向教师提供反欺凌培训、设备和材料,改变旁观者角色,向家长提供反欺凌指导,积极解决网络欺凌.该项目还提供反欺凌课程、网络游戏和"反欺凌街道"论坛,有效预防和处理了欺凌行为,增加了对受害者的支持和保护. 相似文献
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为了治理校园欺凌,美国从社区、学校、课堂、网络等维度,开展了一系列反欺凌项目.有社区层面的“构建尊重”项目,学校层面的“奥尔韦乌斯欺凌预防”项目与“和平积极应对暴力”项目,课堂层面的“第二步暴力预防”项目,教师的“欺凌终結者”项目,学生的“社会和情感学习”项目与“迈向敬重”项目,以及针对网络欺凌的项目与法案.这些项目提供了“不要嘲笑我”课程、师生课程与手册等内容.各类项目通过建立反欺凌委员会和基金,设立欺凌预防工作小组,营造反欺凌文化,开发反网络欺凌的应用程序与预警功能等途径预防与治理校园欺凌. 相似文献
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近年来,校园欺凌事件发生率呈上升趋势。被欺凌者作为校园欺凌中组成的一部分,他们是受害者也是属于弱势的一方,更应被人们所关注。校园欺凌中的被欺凌者存在着性格内向、不善与人沟通、自我认同感低等特征,校园欺凌行为对受欺凌者学习、心理、身体等产生极大的负面影响。学校、家庭和社会都应采取相应举措,如学校加大重视程度、引起家长重视、提升受欺凌者应对能力等,降低校园欺凌对被欺凌者造成的危害。 相似文献
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计算机和网络信息技术的发展,使得传统的校园欺凌问题向虚拟空间发展,未成年人网络欺凌已成为世界性的“公害”问题.近年来,澳大利亚、欧洲国家和美国结合本国实际情况,针对网络欺凌开展相关研究,探索、采取了一系列预防和干预措施.澳大利亚着重于为学校开发各类网络安全教育课程,从源头防范网络欺凌的发生;欧洲国家在开展网络欺凌研究上采取的态度是通力合作、共同防范,在预防教育上下大力气;而美国则主要是通过制定一系列相关法律来遏制日益蔓延的网络欺凌现象,用立法来保护未成年人的网络安全. 相似文献
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美国基于积极行为支持的欺凌干预课程致力在全校范围内营造抵制欺凌的良好氛围.该课程引导师生识别常见的轻微欺凌行为,学会采用制止、走开、上报等策略积极应对,有助于减少欺凌行为发生和欺凌程度升级.我国应依托德育课和班(团、队)活动开设联系生活、注重策略指引的欺凌干预课程,系统开展面向全体学生的早期干预. 相似文献
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Olivia N. Saracho 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2017,45(4):453-460
Bullying is a serious problem that affects the young children’s well being. Early childhood educators find it difficult to manage bullying in the classroom. Preschool is the first environment outside of the home setting where children encounter difficulties when they socially interact with their peers. Based on the principles of protecting and establishing a safe environment for all children, the purpose of this review is to present current empirical evidence about the nature and distinctive facet of bullying among preschool children. It defines both the concept of traditional school bullying and bullying in early childhood education, describes the social context of young children’s bullying, differentiates between bullies and victims in early childhood education, discusses the young children’s interpretations of bullying, describes the young children’s functions in bullying, and provides a rationale for the use of bully prevention programs for young children. 相似文献
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Bullying is an increasing problem within childcare facilities, preschool programs, and public schools. As a result, many districts are instituting anti-bullying intervention programs. This article defines bullying and explains the direct and indirect forms it can take. First, it examines research on bullying during the beginning years of school. Next, it explains how relational aggression occurs and the importance of positive peer support systems within their schools. The article concludes by examining the effects of consistent anti-bullying initiatives (e.g. conflict resolution strategies, daily check-ins, journals, and peacemaking activities) that address bullying behaviors among young children. Through consistent and clear interventions, students can build positive peer relationships that promote a safe and healthy school climate and culture. 相似文献
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本文通过对欺负行为以及女生欺负行为具体研究结果入手，讨论了女生欺负行为的特点和具体的干预措施。 相似文献
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校园暴力包括校园暴力犯罪和校园欺负。发生在学生之间的校园欺负是预防校园暴力的重点和关键。在这方面,奥维斯校园暴力预防计划是比较成功的蓝本之一,学习并借鉴该计划的具体措施和推广模式对于解决我国当前的校园暴力问题有一定的意义。 相似文献
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刘思琦 《宁波教育学院学报》2021,(1)
循证教育是当代教育科学化和实证化的新动向,可以有效地将教育与信息融合,在教育过程中把专业知识与切实有效的经验证据整合起来进行决策。基于循证教育模式,通过文献结果荟萃分析循证于KiVa项目、NoTrap!项目、OBPP项目、维也纳社会能力项目等国外成熟的防治项目,提出并论证我国在政策法律层面、学校和教师层面、家长和同伴层面等多层次的校园欺凌防治项目。 相似文献
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To complete this special issue on theoretical bases for antibullying efforts in schools, we focus in this article on the importance of teachers and other educators in the ecology of schools. First, we present evidence that teachers are not perceived to be effective at intervening when bullying occurs. Then, using a social motivational lens, we provide an overview of teachers' role as a socializing agent in the classroom and school with a particular emphasis on their influence on bullying behaviors among students. Then we present two theories, the theory of planned behaviors, and the transactional theory of emotions and coping. We believe these theories highlight the complexity of teacher responses and make the case that teachers need more than knowledge of bullying to be effective in their role. We discuss implications for teacher training and professional development. 相似文献
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校园欺凌现象普遍存在于世界各国,对其进行有效防治是当前面临的一项重大课题。国外对校园欺凌问题及其防治措施研究较早且成果丰富,文章分别从法律、社会、执法、学校四个层面,对美国、英国、日本、澳大利亚四国的校园欺凌防治进行了国际比较,发现只有坚持依法治校、构建多元治理模式、加大惩戒力度、建立校园警察制度并完善教师惩戒权,才能对校园欺凌现象实现有效的防治。 相似文献