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1.
Modern educational institutions were associated with the separation of children from ordinary people and of the schoolhouse from the ordinary world, creating an educational subculture and a minority population of schoolchildren. Passage through this subculture became a universal shared experience. Higher education grew at the same time into an experience that separated those who went to college from those who did not, becoming a basis for the modern class system. Popular culture reflects this split as the college movie, a genre that addresses only part of the movie audience. As in other American institutions, there is also a split between the worlds of Black and White colleges. Only the mainstream White version of college appeared in movies until recently. The African-American-themed college movie was pioneered in School Daze. Dear White People followed that lead. The movie concerns a generation of Black college students whose perspectives rest on a familiarity with more than a half century of ideas about race in America.  相似文献   

2.
The movie 42 shows memorable events that have faded from our view in recent years. The events are important to the evolution of a multicultural society in America because of the importance of baseball to the common national culture that all the American people have created. Jackie Robinson's significance as a cultural hero is shown by the respect with which we do not explain him away.  相似文献   

3.
Although the national ideology emphasizes that the American Dream is available to immigrants, recent events have made public opinion hostile to two groups, Mexicans and Arabs. Popular culture has played a historic role in presenting sympathetic portrayals of immigrants and their assimilation to American culture. Current depictions of Mexican immigrants continue this tradition, as shown by the television show, Ugly Betty. Arabs and Muslims, in contrast, have had a largely negative presentation in popular culture. A few recent movies and television shows have been more sympathetic, especially the movie, Rendition.  相似文献   

4.
ABSTRACT

With its dynamic narrative, Shawn Wong's Homebase recounts the story of four generations of a Chinese family searching for a homebase on the land of the United States. Personal experiences, family chronicles, and Chinese American history are portrayed through various forms, including short stories, correspondences, student essays, memories, and dreams. A major theme of the novel is geographically and spiritually “reclaiming America,” or attempts by Chinese Americans to make the United States their “real” home. The protagonist's way to reclaim America involves revisiting landmarks and other places in the United States where his father and grandfather had traveled, through which he tries to discover the meaning of his own life in the United States and thereby to find his personal identity and home in this country. In drawing the topography of Chinese American history, Shawn Wong not only inscribed Chinese American presence on those places where the protagonist's forefathers had lived and worked, but also used legends to implant their heritage into those soils. Shawn Wong hopes that through his writing he can build for Chinese Americans a history, a cultural foundation with myths and legends of their own. Only when a people's myths spread over the land they inhabit can the land truly be considered theirs. The Chinese American identity shaped in Homebase is heroism, rooted in the ethnic identity of the male Chinese American in the American West, and this is the “home” that the protagonist as well as many other Chinese Americans ever quest for.  相似文献   

5.
In this article Abraham Lincoln is considered as an alternative to the usual type of patriot's hero. He reminds us of our great historical failings. He remains a figure of controversy, a national hero in only some corners of society. He is the heroic President who serves as the first compassionate defender of the downtrodden, and he is a hero in those subcultures as well. Lincoln's treatment in the movies is discussed, focusing particularly on the recent movie Lincoln. Lincoln is seen as a match for the usual movie hero. His famous immunity to casual treatment in popular culture is discussed as well.  相似文献   

6.
Subcultures can appear in multicultural societies not only by the contact of existing cultures but also by cultures that remain constant while the larger society changes. A recent movie, Dark Waters, is an example of this process. Parasite and Joker, two other recent movies, both Academy Award winners, differ from the first in the ways they present the process of subcultural development. Dark Waters shows a marginal community getting effective assistance from an established law firm, while Parasite and Joker show marginal subcultures that develop their own illegitimate methods of responding to marginalization, with disastrous results. The people with legal help remain bitter and pessimistic, while the people resorting to deviant resistance become cheerful and amused, untroubled by the mass homicide their comic attitude brings.  相似文献   

7.
Book Reviews     
Mythmaking and Metaphor in Black Women's Fiction. Jacqueline de Weever. The American Stage. Ron Engle & Tice L. Miller, editors. Vietnam and the Southern Imagination. Owen W. Gilman, Jr. R.B. Bennett: The Calgary Years. James H. Gray. Colonial Leviathan: State Formation in Mid-Nineteenth Century Canada. AIlan Greer and Ian Radforth, editors. Mason Wade, Acadia and Quebec: The Perception of an Outsider. N.E.S. Griffiths and G.A. Rawlyk, editors. Fallen Women, Problem Girls. Regina G. Kunzel. Chiropractic in America: The History of a Medical Alternative. J. Stuart Moore. Coming to Grips with Huckleberry Finn. Tom Quick. Victorian America and the Civil War. Anne C. Rose. Black Women's Writing. Gina Wisker, editor.  相似文献   

8.
Red Tails, a recent movie about the Tuskegee Airmen in battle, is the latest in a line of movies that seem to petition for admission to the fellowship of the mainstream American society by showing stories of groups overcoming discrimination and proving their strength and their patriotism. As the most excluded and longest-lasting pariah group, African Americans have enacted this scenario in real life and in the popular culture many times. Movies about war and the military are a powerful means of showing minority group worthiness. Those who will risk their lives in battle on behalf of the homeland and will fight with extraordinary skill should be worthy applicants for inclusion.  相似文献   

9.
The wearing of the Islamic veil by Muslim women has become a source of tensions in Western European countries. In order to investigate majority members’ attitudes towards the veil, the present two studies (Ns = 166 and 147), carried out in Belgium, integrated three lines of research that have focused on (a) the role of subtle prejudice/racism on the host society's attitudes towards immigrants, (b) the role of values on acculturation, and (c) the role of religious attitudes on prejudice. Results revealed the effects of subtle prejudice/racism, values (self-enhancement values and security versus universalism), and religious attitudes (literal anti-religious thinking versus spirituality), in predicting greater levels of anti-veil attitudes beyond the effects of other related variables such as age and political conservatism. The studies also suggest the importance of including religious attitudes as part of the intergroup-relation factors that predict attitudes towards immigrants, at least with regard to specific components of intercultural relations.  相似文献   

10.
ABSTRACT

This article explores the complex law of illegitimacy in the nineteenth century and its relationship to questions of national belonging and subject-hood, thorough the use of a specific legal case study – that of Shedden v Patrick, a dispute over legitimacy and property which opened in 1804 and lasted until 1869. William Shedden was born in America of a Scottish father, who had married his mother, but after his birth. His claim that he should inherit the Shedden family estate in Scotland, as both his father's lawful son and a natural-born British subject, brought together a bewildering array of laws, as formal and informal partnerships in the former colony, together with the discrepant legitimacy codes of England and Scotland, were brought to bear on inheritance claims based on laws of nationality and domicile. Shedden's fight to prove his legitimacy led to the passing of the Legitimacy Declaration Act in 1858, but it also gave rise to a series of legal debates on the nature of personal status, and to the complex ways in which both personal legitimacy and nationality operate as legal fictions. Here I trace how the twists and turns of the case, in 1808, the 1840s and the 1860s, illustrate different facets of these debates on legitimacy and national belonging, and also their intersection with other lines of exclusion drawn around the legal identities of both family and nation. ‘Bastardy’ was a profoundly troubled category in the mid-nineteenth century, partly because it highlighted the difficulties of defining legal identity itself.  相似文献   

11.
Acculturation refers to the degree to which immigrants maintain their ethnic culture and accept or reject the new dominant culture. While considerable studies have focused on immigrants’ acculturative processes, little is known about acculturation from the perspective of the host culture. This study examined American students’ acculturation orientations toward international students based on the concept of interactive acculturation and investigated the influence of ethnocentrism, sex, and Facebook use on such acculturation attitudes. Results from a survey of 346 American college students indicated a high degree of individualism and integrationism over other orientations, namely transformation-integrationism, exclusionism, assimilationism, and segregationism. The model with ethnocentrism, sex, and Facebook usage predicted five of the six acculturation orientations, with ethnocentrism being the most important predictor.  相似文献   

12.
Book Reviews     
Martha Banta. Imaging American Women: Idea and Ideals in Cultural History C. Jane Gover, The Positive Image: Women Photographers in Turn of the Century America Beth L. Bailey. From Front Porch to Back Seat: Courtship in Twentieth-Century America Lawrence Clayton. Ranch Rodeos In West Texas A Bruccoli Clark Layman Book. Dictionary of Literary Biography Gerald Gardner. The Mocking of the President: A History of Campaign Humor from Zke to Ronnie Robert Jewett and John Shelton Lawrence. The American Monomyth Roy Jordan. Wyoming: A Centennial Bibliografihy John Kouwenhoven. The Beer Can by the Highway: Essays on What's American about America David Grimsted. Melodrama Unveiled: American Theater & Culture 1800-1850 Karal Ann Marling. George Washington Slept Here: Colonial Revivals and American Culture, 1876-1986 Sally McMurry. Families Q Farmhouses in 19th Century America Lawrence E. Mintz. Humor in America: A Research Guide to Genres and Topics Vera Norwood and Janice Monk (eds.). The Desert is no Lady: Southwestern Landscapes in Women's Writing and Art Glenda Riley. The Female Frontzer: A Comparative View of Women on the Praarie and the Plains June Sochen. Cafeteria America: New Identities in Contemporary Life Paul J. Zingg, Editor and Contributor. The Sporting Image, Readings in American Sport History  相似文献   

13.
Different subgroups in society have diverse motives for remembering or forgetting important events in history. In American history, slavery has had a deep and enduring bad effect on everything that came afterward. There have been attempts to forget or remember this chapter in the national narrative related to the intentions of subcultural groups in the present. The treatment of slavery in American movies has been a powerful factor in these attempts. Recent movies have returned to a focus on slavery at the same time that national opinion has turned away from African American issues and sympathies. The recent movie The Birth of a Nation exemplifies the new emphasis on slavery in the movies and the lack of concern for it in public discourse.  相似文献   

14.
Book Reviews     
Pop Art and Consumer Culture: American Super Market. Christin J. Mamiya Hail to the Candidate: Presidential Campaigns From Banners to Broadcasts. Keith Melder Domestic Novelists of the Old South: Defenders of Southern Culture. Elizabeth Moss Hand-Painted Pop: American Art in Transition, 1955-62. Donna DeSalvo, Paul Schimmel, et al The Power of Culture: Critical Essays in American History. Richard Wightman Fox and T.J. Jackson Lears, editors Wobblies, Pile Butts, and Other Heroes: Laborlore Explorations. Archie Green Reading Rodney King: Reading Urban Uprising. Robert Gooding-Williams, editor Metapop: Self-Referentiality in American Popular Culture. Michael Dunne. Studies in Popular Culture; M. Thomas Inge, editor Fall From Grace: The Failed Crusade of the Christian Right. Michael D' Antonio Kentucky Bluegrass Country. R. Gerald Alvey Reel Women: Pioneers of the Cinema 1896 to the Present. Ally Acker The Cultural Geography of the United States. A Revised Edition. Wilbur Zelinsky Roadfood: The All-new, Updated and Expanded Edition of the Classic Guide to America's Best Diners, Small-town Cafes, BBQ Joints and Other Very Special Eateries Serving Great, Inexpensive Regional Food. Jane and Michael Stern Images of American Life: A History of Ideological Management in Schools, Movies, Radio and Television. Joel Spring Russian Eyes on American Literature. Sergei Chakovsky and M. Thomas Inge, editors American Home Life, 1880-1930: A Social History of Spaces and Services. Jessica Foy and Thomas J. Schlereth, editors Immigrants and the American City. Thomas Muller Studies in the Western. 1.1, 1992-93 British English For American Readers: A Dictionary of the Language, Customs, and Places of British Life und Literature. David Grote Kenneth Wylie and Dennis Hickey. An Enchanting Darkness: The American Vision of Africa in the Twentieth Century. The Kentucky Encyclopedia. John E. Kleber, Editor in Chief The Infortunate: The Voyage and Adventures of William Moraley, An Indentured Servant. Edited with an Introduction and notes by Susan E. Klepp and Billy G. Smith Militant and Triumphant: William Henry O'Connell and the Catholic Church in Boston, 1859-1944. James M. O'Toole The Rascal King: The Life and Times of James Michael Curley, (1872-1958). Jack Beatty Discourse and Culture: The Creation of America. Alun Munslow Regional Studies: The Interplay of Land and People. Glen E. Lich, editor Pioneer Commercial Photography: The Burgert Brothers, Tampa, Florida. Robert E. Snyder and Jack B. Moore The Way of the Cross Leads Home: The Domestication of American Methodism. A. Gregory Schneider The Tragedy of Abundance: Myth Restoration in American Culture. Jerome O. Steffen Hard At Play: Leisure in America, 1840-1940. Kathryn Grover, editor Baseball Between the Wars: Memories of the Game by the Men Who Played It. Eugene Murdock  相似文献   

15.
This paper examines how national identity is associated with South Koreans’ attitudes toward North Korean defectors and their opinions on the relationship between two Koreas. Using a nationally representative survey, we find that individuals high on ethnic identity are more likely to harbor negative attitudes toward migrants from North Korea and less likely to believe that the reunification between two Koreas is necessary. The findings suggest that alleged common belief in “one nation, two countries” notwithstanding, political division has led South Koreans to regard North Korean citizens as an out-group, who are not clearly distinguishable from non-coethnic immigrants.  相似文献   

16.
Abstract

In this article, I would like to focus on an analysis of internal logic of the ‘Haruki phenomenon’ as a symptom in current East Asian public culture. In particular, I will discuss how Haruki searches for the healing method for the ‘60s complex’ among Japan’s ‘Sixties’ Kids,’ including Haruki himself, through an analysis of his novels Norwegian Wood (2000[1987]) and Kafka on the Shore (2005[2002]). In the process of analysis, we can witness that Haruki abandoned his task of ‘reconciliation with the 1960s’ through faith, rather than facing it directly, and fiznally stripped the 1960s of historicity and reality. He regarded the ‘reconciliation with the 1960s’ as something beyond an individual’s ability. Transforming the 1960s from a history of postwar Japan into an object of abstract and universal nostalgia, which is closed to the present, Haruki effectively met the latent desire of the East Asian people, who were experiencing the dissolution of their ideologies, at the right time. This is the essence of the Haruki phenomenon that emerged in East Asia over the last decade. I use the phrase ‘nostalgia that lost its nationality’ to describe the uncanny cultural phenomenon of East Asian readers longing for the 1960s pictured in Haruki’s novels as if this were their own past, despite their very different national memories. Nostalgia, a cultural symptom of the postmodern society, where remembering the nation’s past totally is impossible, is a blank imitation deprived of its original source. In short, the substance of the Haruki phenomenon is nostalgia that developed from a desire to forget the traumatic memories of the national histories in individual East Asian countries.  相似文献   

17.
Book Reviews     
Cauthen, Joyce H. With Fiddle and Well-Rosined Bow: Old Time Fiddling In Alabama Jordan, Terry G. and Matti Kaups. The American Backwoods Frontier: An Ethnic and Ecological Interpretation Morgan, Winifred. An American Icon: Brother Jonathan and American Identity Keil, Hartmut. German Workers' Culture in the States 1850-1920 Braden, Donna R., Editor. Leisure and Entertainment In America Zelinsky, Wilbur. Nation Into State: The Shifting Symbolic Foundations of American Nationalism Jay, Robert. The Trade-Card in Nineteenth-Century America Gevitz, Norman. Other Healers: Unorthodox Medicine in America St. George, Robert Blair, Editor. Material Life in America 1600-1860 Jurnovoy, Joyce and David Jenness. America on Display: A Guide to Unusual Museums and Collections in the United States and Canada Savitt, Todd L. and James Harvey Young, Editors. Disease and Distinctiueness i n the American South Levenstein, Harvey. Revolution at the Table: The Transformation of the American Diet  相似文献   

18.
The definition of the Korean national cinema in the course of modern and contemporary history of South Korea has provoked controversy. This article examines the negotiations in the identity formation of Korean filmmakers examining specific objects from years of reconstruction following the Korean War. It pays attention to the time when state-building and nation-building became combined enduring heterogeneity of this process. Kim Ki-yo?ng's films depict such characters. His public information short films reflect the legacy of American war films. However, they also contain self-conscious moments when the director refuses to be identified as a mere successor of American documentary filmmakers. Kim's first commercial film, Boxes of Death (1955), an anti-communist thriller, shows great influence from Hollywood, but also with a strong auteurist impulse, theatrical tradition, and the Japanese colonial legacy. However, the most important aspect is the standing presence of America and the USIS-Korea in the identity of Kim Ki-yo?ng and his film. American agencies intervened in the work of Korean filmmakers in the interest of “Free World” bloc-building, and those filmmakers used such agencies to obtain resources. The heterogeneity in the process of the subject formation in Korean national cinema was one common characteristic of many filmmakers of the post-Korean War era.  相似文献   

19.
Mutual attitudes among immigrants and ethnocultural groups in Canada   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  
The domain of intercultural relations comprises two parallel sets of phenomena: acculturation and ethnic relations. These have usually been studied in isolation from each other, but their intersection is of increasing importance for understanding intercultural relations in plural societies. Although this mutual view of intercultural relations has long been recognised, there has been an imbalance in the research carried out: acculturation studies have been predominantly done with the non-dominant groups, and ethnic attitudes have been studied mainly among dominant populations. Beginning in the 1970s, we began a program of research to redress this imbalance with studies in Canada. We examined the acculturation expectations held by the dominant population with respect to immigrants and ethnocultural groups, using the concept of multicultural ideology; we also examined the ways in which dominant groups change and respond to the presence of such groups using concepts of security (both cultural and economic), tolerance, and ethnic attitudes. More recently, we have developed a research instrument to continue this program. The International Study of Attitudes Towards Immigration and Settlement examines the views of members of various ethnocultural groups in a number of countries. This paper reviews the research framework and some findings from these studies among various members of the larger society. The role of a number of demographic and psychological variables related to attitudes toward the kinds and numbers of immigrants are presented. Some conclusions and implications are then discussed.  相似文献   

20.
This analysis was stimulated by the problem in international development of communication between development personnel and members of the populations with whom they work. Building on the work of Bateson and the Ardeners, I propose a theoretical framework that incorporates the “inarticulateness of women” (as discussed by Ardener) and a similar phenomenon I have observed in situations of contact between people of unequal status, in general. Three ethnographic examples of the dynamics of communication between “unequals”1 and the resulting “inarticulateness” are then provided: one between rural and urban dwellers in Iran: one between women and men from two subcultures in rural America; and one among male and female scientists from different countries and different scientific paradigms. I conclude with a set of policy recommendations, that follow from the proposed theory.  相似文献   

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