共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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HiHiLo训练法与LoHiLo训练法对女子跆拳道运动员有氧代谢能力影响的比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
探讨HiHiLo训练法与LoHiLo训练法对提高女子跆拳道运动员有氧代谢能力的影响。结果表明:HiHiLo组无氧阈功率指标显著性上升,AT功率平均水平上升了8.24%,RPE指标在各时间点均显著性降低,心率指标无显著性影响,血乳酸指标从150~240W时段显著性降低,.VO2max指标显著性升高,升高幅度达5.37%;LoHiLo组无氧阈功率指标无显著变化,上升幅度为6.24%,RPE指标只有在150~240W两个时间点有显著性降低,其他时间点无显著性,心率指标无显著性,血乳酸指标无显著性,.VO2max指标无显著性,降低了1.08%。结果提示:在提高跆拳道女运动员有氧代谢能力上,HiHi-Lo训练法较LoHiLo训练法更加有效。 相似文献
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目的:探讨高住高练低训对提高CBA后备男子篮球运动员有氧代谢能力的影响.方法:将所测试的24名陕西东盛俱乐部的后备男子篮球运动员随机分成两组,实验对照组(12名)和HiHiLo组(12名).对递增负荷运动时两组运动员的无氧阈(AT),血乳酸水平(lactate of blood)和最大摄氧量(VO2max)进行测定.结果:HiHiLo组无氧阈功率从实验前(152.84±24.92)W提高至实验后的(168.86±25.39)W(P<0.01).血乳酸指标在150W至240W时段低于其实验前水平(P<0.05和P<0.01).VO2max指标从实验前(52.65 ±4.87)ml/kg/min提高至实验后的(63.86±6.82)(P<0.05).实验对照组无氧阈功率、血乳酸水平和VO2max均无显著性变化(P>0.05).结论:高住高练低训可以有效提高男子篮球运动员的有氧代谢能力. 相似文献
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目的通过实验研究建立青少年“阳光长跑”个体适宜强度(无氧阈心率)回归方程,以改变目前全国青少年“阳光长跑”中强度随意的现状。方法以我国X市3所(A、B、C)中学的高中生为样本,按随机抽样原则从中抽取研究对象,分2个阶段进行研究。①从3所中学高中各年级中抽取男、女生共593名,通过实验测试获得基础数据,以文献资料法和专家法筛选出的指标为自变量、无氧阈心率为因变量,建立个体无氧阈心率回归方程。②来自3所中学高二年级的学生(共204名),分别以3种模式[按照无氧阈心率强度(基于所建立的个体无氧阈心率回归方程)监控、不按强度但严格监控、不监控自主式]完成“阳光长跑”,12周后,比较实验前后3所中学高中生最大摄氧量(VO2max)、基础心率指标的变化情况。结果3所中学高中生按不同模式完成长跑后,其基础心率均未出现降低现象(P均大于0.05);A中学男、女生VO2max均出现不同程度增长现象(t=2.804,P<0.01;t=2.831,P<0.01);B中学女生VO2max出现一定程度增长现象(t=2.337,P<0.05),男生则未出现增长现象(t=0.574,P>0.05);C中学男、女生VO2max均未出现增长现象(P均大于0.05)。结论①所建立的高中生个体无氧阈心率回归方程可用于指导该群体在长跑中的适宜强度调节;②通过实证研究提出针对性建议,有助于“阳光长跑”的可持续性开展。 相似文献
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不同无氧阈评价方法的比较研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过不同的无氧阈检测方法检测无氧阈指标出现的时间顺序,并对出现无氧阈时各相关指标进行相关性分析,以探讨不同无氧阈之间的关系。让8名赛艇运动员在ConceptⅡ风轮式赛艇测功仪上进行递增负荷测试,每级负荷3 min,直至力竭,同时测试每级负荷后的血乳酸,全程记录肌电以及气体代谢量,并做相关分析。结果表明：1）肌电阈、通气阈和乳酸阈3种无氧阈指标出现的时间依次为8 min 58 s、9 min 22 s和9 min 48 s;2）肌电阈、通气阈和乳酸阈依次出现的时间差均不超过30 s,并且通气阈和乳酸阈之间无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。3种无氧阈依次出现的原因是快肌纤维的快速动员引起了乳酸急剧增加,进而在转运到血液中时首先引起酸碱缓冲对的中和,当强度进一步增加时,产生的乳酸大大超过了乳酸的清除能力,进而引起血乳酸急剧增加。 相似文献
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本研究的目的:(1)采用递增工作强度以简便方法寻找个体无氧阈最大速度(VIATmax),并测试其可靠性和准确性;(2)找出能有效评定和监督VIATmax的生理指标;(3)研究受试者主观寻找并控制VIATmax的可能性。研究发现:(1)一次性递增强度跑台运动产生的乳酸阈和通气阈双重拐点结合,可作为判断VIATmax的简便可靠方法;(2)VO_2max速度和伴有较低心率的VO_2max相对值是评定VIATmax的有效指标;(3)VIATmax可以被受试者或运动员感知,并能在运动中加以控制。 相似文献
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最大摄氧量和无氧阈在运动训练中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
耐力性项目运动员有氧能力的水平,可以采用测定运动员最大摄氧量和无氧阈的方法加以评价。1 最大摄氧量及其应用最大摄氧量(VO2max)是指人体在进行有大量肌肉群参加的有力竭性运动中,当氧运输系统各个环 相似文献
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利用IST—Ⅱ型等动游泳训练测试系统进行递增负荷运动时测定游泳运动员上肢最大有氧能力。结果表明：1)IST—Ⅱ等动游泳训练测试系统是一种较好的训练、测试用游泳专用测功仪，可通过递增负荷安全、有效地测定游泳运动员的上肢的有氧能力；2)VO2max平台持续时间(VO2maxPD)是另一个可以反映游泳运动员的最大有氧能力的重要标识，只有把VO2max和VO2maxPD二者结合起来才能更全面反映运动员有氧能力的内涵；3)心率无氧阈(HR—AT)应成为游泳训练中控制训练负荷的重要指标。 相似文献
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最大乳酸稳定状态下足球运动员康科尼测试中个体无氧阈最大速度的选取及可靠性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究目的 :1)应用场地康科尼测试方法寻找足球运动员个体无氧阈最大速度的可行性 ;2 )分析康氏测试心率拐点与乳酸阈拐点对应的个体无氧阈最大速度之间的关系 ;3)测定最大乳酸稳定状态 ( ML SS) ,验证康氏测试个体无氧阈最大速度的可靠性。结果证明 ,在康氏测试中 85 %受试者都出现心率拐点 ,完成距离最短者心率拐点偏左、中长者居中、最长者偏右 ,相对应的乳酸阈速度正好低于心率拐点速度一个等级 ,但该两种速度之间并未出现不规则变化差异 ,且高度相关。选取康氏测试心率拐点速度进行 2 4 min匀速运动受试者平均乳酸值显示最大乳酸稳定状态 ( ML SS) ,表明可用于个体无氧阈最大速度 ,但大于 180次 / m in的心率拐点速度即已超过本人的个体无氧阈最大速度 相似文献
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Prediction of maximal oxygen uptake in sedentary males from a perceptually regulated, sub-maximal graded exercise test 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The purpose of this study was to assess the validity of predicting the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2(max)) of sedentary men from sub-maximal VO2 values obtained during a perceptually regulated exercise test. Thirteen healthy, sedentary males aged 29-52 years completed five graded exercise tests on a cycle ergometer. The first and fifth test involved a graded exercise test to determine VO2(max). The two maximal graded exercise tests were separated by three sub-maximal graded exercise tests, perceptually regulated at 3-min RPE intensities of 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 on the Borg ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) scale, in that order. After confirmation that individual linear regression models provided the most appropriate fit to the data, the regression lines for the perceptual ranges 9-17, 9-15, and 11-17 were extrapolated to RPE 20 to predict VO2(max). There were no significant differences between VO2(max) values from the graded exercise tests (mean 43.9 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1), s = 6.3) and predicted VO2(max) values for the perceptual ranges 9-17 (40.7 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1), s = 2.2) and RPE 11-17 (42.5 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1), s = 2.3) across the three trials. The predicted VO2(max) from the perceptual range 9-15 was significantly lower (P < 0.05) (37.7 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1), s = 2.3). The intra-class correlation coefficients between actual and predicted VO2(max) for RPE 9-17 and RPE 11-17 across trials ranged from 0.80 to 0.87. Limits of agreement analysis on actual and predicted VO2 values (bias +/- 1.96 x S(diff)) were 3.4 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) (+/- 10.7), 2.4 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) (+/- 9.9), and 3.7 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) (+/- 12.8) (trials 1, 2, and 3, respectively) of RPE range 9-17. Results suggest that a sub-maximal, perceptually guided graded exercise test provides acceptable estimates of VO2(max) in young to middle-aged sedentary males. 相似文献
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The literature related to Borg's ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) scale has revealed inconsistencies about the strength of the relationship between ratings of perceived exertion and various physiological criterion measures, such as heart rate, blood lactate concentration, percent maximal oxygen uptake (%VO2max), oxygen uptake (VO2), ventilation and respiration rate. Using sex of participants, fitness, type of RPE scale used, type of exercise, exercise protocol, RPE mode and study quality, we undertook a meta-analysis to determine the strength of the relationship between RPE scores and the six aforementioned physiological measures. The weighted mean validity coefficients were 0.62 for heart rate, 0.57 for blood lactate, 0.64 for %VO2max 0.63 for VO2, 0.61 for ventilation and 0.72 for respiration rate. Analysis of moderator variables revealed that the following study features could account for the variation of results across studies: heart rate--fitness, type of exercise, protocol and RPE mode; blood lactate concentration--sex, RPE scale; VO2--sex, exercise type, RPE mode; ventilation--sex, RPE mode; respiration rate--exercise protocol, RPE mode. The highest correlations between ratings of perceived exertion and the various physiological criterion measures were found in the following conditions: when male participants (whose VO2 or ventilation was measured) were required to maximally exert themselves (measuring %VO2max or ventilation); when the exercise task was unusual [e.g. when participants were swimming, which is less common than walking or running (when heart rate, %VO2max and VO2 are measured)]; or when the 15-point RPE scale (measuring blood lactate concentration) was used. These findings suggest that although Borg's RPE scale has been shown to be a valid measure of exercise intensity, its validity may not be as high as previously thought (r = 0.80-0.90), except under certain conditions. 相似文献
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Andreacci JL LeMura LM Cohen SL Urbansky EA Chelland SA Von Duvillard SP 《Journal of sports sciences》2002,20(4):345-352
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of frequency of verbal encouragement during maximal exercise testing. Twenty-eight participants (12 males, 16 females) aged 20.9 +/- 1.5 years (mean +/- s) performed a maximal exercise test (VO2max) on a treadmill without any verbal encouragement. The participants were matched according to their pre-test VO2max and placed into either a control group or one of three experimental groups. They performed a second exercise test (post-test) 1 week later. During the second test, the control group received no verbal encouragement; the 20 s (20E), 60 s (60E) and 180 s (180E) encouragement groups received verbal encouragement every 20, 60 and 180 s, respectively, beginning with stage 3 of the exercise test. Relative VO2max, exercise time, blood lactate concentration, respiratory exchange ratio (RER) and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were not significantly different from the first test to the second test for the control group without verbal encouragement and the 180E group that received infrequent encouragement. Post-test values were significantly higher than pre-test values for the 20E and 60E groups. The post-test values of the 20E group were significantly higher than their pre-test values for relative VO2max (P < 0.001), exercise time (P < 0.0001), blood lactate concentration (P < 0.05), RER (P < 0.01) and RPE (P < 0.0001); this was also the case for the 60E group for relative VO2max (P < 0.01), blood lactate concentration (P < 0.05), RER (P < 0.05) and RPE (P < 0.05). The results suggest that frequent verbal encouragement (every 20 s and 60 s in the present study) leads to significantly greater maximum effort in a treadmill test than when no encouragement is given or when the encouragement is infrequent (i.e. every 180 s). 相似文献
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雾湿天气条件对运动能力影响的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了解雾湿天气对机件各种功能活动的影响，本文在晴朗和雾湿二种天气条件下，对机体最大吸氧量以及完成相同递增负荷直至最大工作能力时机体的体力状况进行研究。结果发现，雾湿天气使最大摄氧量和握力显著下降；进行轻量负荷后，心率和RPE与晴朗天气无异，但进行亚极量以上强度运动后，心率和RPE显著增大；在最大负荷工作时，雾显天气使运动至力竭时间显著缩短，而最大心率和最高血乳酸均显著增大。因此认为，雾湿天气对运动能力有不良的影响，并提示在雾温天气下进行体育教学和训练时要适当降低运动负荷。 相似文献
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The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of a carbohydrate mouthwash on running time-trial performance. On two separate occasions, seven recreationally active males (VO2max 57.8 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1), s = 3.7) completed a preloaded (15 min at 65%VO2max) time-trial of 45 min in duration on a motorized treadmill. At 6-min intervals during the preload and time-trial, participants were given either a 6% maltodextrin, 3% lemon juice solution (carbohydrate trial) or a 3% lemon juice placebo mouthwash (placebo trial) in a double-blind, randomized crossover design. Heart rate, oxygen consumption (VO2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured during the preload, and blood glucose and lactate were measured before and after the preload and time-trial. There were no significant differences in distance covered between trials (carbohydrate: 9333 m, s = 988; placebo: 9309 m, s = 993). Furthermore, there were no significant between-trial differences in heart rate and running speed during the time-trial, or VO2, RER or RPE during the preload. Blood lactate and glucose increased as a result of the exercise protocol, with no between-trial differences. In conclusion, there was no positive effect of a carbohydrate mouthwash on running performance of approximately 1 h duration. 相似文献
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Traditionally, it has been assumed that during middle-distance running oxygen uptake (VO2) reaches its maximal value (VO2max) providing the event is of a sufficient duration; however, this assumption is largely based on observations in individuals with a relatively low VO2max. The aim of this study was to determine whether VO2max is related to the VO2 attained (i.e. VO2peak) during middle-distance running on a treadmill. Fifteen well-trained male runners (age 23.3 +/- 3.8 years, height 1.80 +/- 0.10 m, body mass 76.9 +/- 10.6 kg) volunteered to participate in the study. The participants undertook two 800-m trials to examine the reproducibility of the VO2 response. These two trials, together with a progressive test to determine VO2max, were completed in a randomized order. Oxygen uptake was determined throughout each test using 15-s Douglas bag collections. Following the application of a 30-s rolling average, the highest VO2 during the progressive test (i.e. VO2max) was compared with the highest VO2 during the 800-m trials (i.e. VO2peak) to examine the relationship between VO2max and the VO2 attained in the 800-m trials. For the 15 runners, VO2max was 58.9 +/- 7.1 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1). Two groups were formed using a median split based on VO2max. For the high and low VO2max groups, VO2max was 65.7 +/- 3.0 and 52.4 +/- 1.8 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) respectively. The limits of agreement (95%) for test-retest reproducibility for the VO2 attained during the 800-m trials were +/- 3.5 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) for a VO2peak of 50.6 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) (the mean VO2peak for the low VO2max group) and +/- 2.3 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) for a VO2peak of 59.0 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) (the mean VO2peak for the high VO2max group), with a bias in VO2peak between the 800-m runs (i.e. the mean difference) of 1.2 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1). The VO2peak for the 800-m runs was 54.8 +/- 4.9 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) for all 15 runners. For the high and low VO2max groups, VO2peak was 59.0 +/- 3.3 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) (i.e. 90% VO2max) and 50.6 +/- 2.0 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) (i.e. 97% VO2max) respectively. The negative relationship (-0.77) between VO2max and % VO2max attained for all 15 runners was significant (P = 0.001). These results demonstrate that (i) reproducibility is good and (ii) that VO2max is related to the %VO2max achieved, with participants with a higher VO2max achieving a lower %VO2max in an 800-m trial on a treadmill. 相似文献
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儿童最大有氧活动能力的追踪研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
报告了60名10～15岁儿童(31名男童,29名女童)最大有氧活动能力的追踪研究结果。应用Jaeger LE/6型步行机运动,使用Jaeger自动气体分析仪作气体分析,发现男女童的VO_2max、VO_2max/Ht、VO_2max/Ht~2及VO_2max/HR均随年龄增长而增加,VO_2max/Wt及VO_2max/LBM均未随年龄而增长的规律。男童VO_2max绝对值及各项相对值均明显高于女童。以生活年龄为基础的VO_2max年增长值,男童呈随年龄增长而增加的趋势,女童除13～14岁外,呈随年龄增长而减少的趋势;VO_2max/Wt年增长值男女童在年龄组间均未见到规律性的变化。以身高突增高峰年龄(PHA)为基础的VO_2max,男童从PHA-2到PHS 2持续增加,女童从PHA-1到PHA 1呈下降趋势,以后略有上升;VO_2max/Wt年增长值,男童在PHA前为负值,以后为正值并逐渐增加,女童无规律性变化。以生活年龄或以身高突增高峰年龄为基础的最大吸氧量年增长值的个体差异都很大。 相似文献
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对不同年龄、不同性别、不同专业学生VO2max的比较研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对华中师范大学第2附中，华中师范大学体育教育专业与非体育专业学生不同年龄，性别和专业的VO2max的测试，并应用生理学的方法对影响VO2max的主要因素进行了分析，发现不同研究对象的VO2max存在一定的差异，同时发现体育锻炼对人体氧运输系统和VO2max均有一定的影响。 相似文献