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目标定向对体育课中学生动机模式的影响 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
目标定向对体育课中学生的动机模式有着重要的影响。能力知觉在个体参与体育活动时有重要的意义。指出两种目标定向的学生在体育课中有着不同的动机模式,认为动机气氛对于调动学生参与体育活动的积极性有重要意义。 相似文献
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青少年体育活动中的内部动机和目标定向研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
采用自我决定理论和目标定向理论，调查了1609名9-21岁青少年的运动能力知觉、体育课满意程度、动机自主性和目标定向。研究结果发现，在能力知觉、体育课满意程度、动机自主性和学习定向上存在性别、锻炼次数和时间、年龄的显著差异，但在成绩定向上差异不显著。同时发现，能力知觉、体育课满意程度、动机自主性和学习定向之间存在显著正相关，而体育课满意程度与成绩定向，动机自主性和成绩之间均存在显著负相关。为了提高学生参与体育活动的动机，应该减少体育活动中的竞争性，提高学生参与体育课的内部动机，促进学习定向。 相似文献
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青少年体育活动中的目标定向和自我决定理论: 年龄和性别的差异 总被引：17，自引：6，他引：11
以英格兰824名初中生为调查对象,主要考察了在目标定向、行为调节、能力知觉和体育活动参与情况上的年龄和性别差异,并且采用动机变量预测校外体育活动参与情况.研究结果呈现出明显的性别差异,男生有较高的自我定向、自我决定动机和能力知觉.与此一致的结果是男生比女生更喜爱体育活动.对男生来说,自我定向、自我决定动机和能力知觉是参加体育活动的正相关预测指标,而任务定向和无动机与体育活动参与没有关系.对女生来说,任务定向和能力知觉能够积极预测体育活动参与情况,而自我定向和无动机与体育活动的参与有负相关关系. 相似文献
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选取中学的维吾尔族和汉族教学班,进行两种不同的动机气氛的教学,考察动机气氛对目标定向和社会性体格焦虑的影响.以课堂气氛为自变量、Ames的TARGET教学模式为指导,在课堂中营造学习气氛和成绩气氛.在选取的大、中学维汉10个教学班进行了为期8周的2种课堂气氛的教学实验,得出以下结论,(1)动机气氛可以改变学生的目标定向、社会性体格焦虑.学习气氛教学可以提高学生的任务定向及降低社会体格焦虑;成绩气氛教学则提高学生的自我定向和社会性体格焦虑.(2)在动机气氛的主效应上,对目标定向、社会体格焦虑的影响在年级与民族上表现出一致性. 相似文献
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根据目标定向理论和自我决定理论在理论上的相近之处,从情景和个体的角度出发,通过创造的动机气氛,进行8周的实验,来比较两种不同教学气氛下,学生的目标定向和动机水平。研究结果表明,体育教学中创造任务掌握气氛有利于学生任务定向的形成,以及体育学习内部动机的提高和缺乏动机的降低,而体育教学中自我表现气氛会降低学生体育学习的内部动机;自主需要、归属需要和能力需要是影响体育学习动机水平的重要变量。 相似文献
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目的：探讨个体（目标定向、能力知觉）和情境（动机气氛、同伴关系）变量对青少年运动员体育道德取向的预测效应。方法：采用问卷调查法
对259名青少年运动员的目标定向、能力知觉、动机气氛、同伴关系和体育道德取向进行测量。结果：（1）任务定向与高水平体育道德相关,自我定向
与低水平体育道德相关,能力知觉与高水平体育道德相关,体育运动中运动员目标定向存在3种类型（即高任务/低自我、中任务/中自我和高任务/高
自我）,不同类别复合目标定向型的体育道德取向存在显著的差异,高任务复合适宜自我目标定向与高水平的体育道德相关;（2）掌握气氛与高水平
体育道德相关,成绩气氛与低水平体育道德相关,同伴接纳与低水平体育道德相关;（3）掌握气氛、成绩气氛和能力知觉对自我定向与体育道德之间
的关系具有显著的调节效应,高掌握气氛、低成绩气氛和高能力知觉可以更加有效减轻自我定向对体育道德取向的消极影响。结论：个体和情境变
量对青少年运动员的体育道德取向有显著独立和交互预测效应。 相似文献
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体育课中学生的内部动机 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
孙延林 《天津体育学院学报》1997,12(2):81-83
本文对当前国外运动心理学关于体育课中学生的内部动机研究作了介绍，探讨了能力知党、自我决定、动机气氛和教学方式与学生内部动机的关系。 相似文献
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目标定向对大学生体育锻炼内在动机的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
以470名大学生为被试,考察目标定向对大学牛体育锻炼内在动机的影响.结果表明,任务定向、自我定向、能力感、自主感和归属感直接影响体育锻炼内在动机.此外,任务定向通过自主感和归属感变量对内在动机产生间接调节效应,自我定向通过能力感变量对内在动机产生间接调节效应. 相似文献
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大学生体育技能水平的影响因素研究 总被引：21，自引：1，他引：20
以258名大学一、二年级的学生为被试对象，根据交互作用原理考察了动机因素与学习策略对大学生体育技能水平的影响。结果表明：自我效能、任务定向目标、内在动机等动机因素和学习策略均与体育技能水平呈显著正相关，自我定向目标、外在动机与学习策略和体育技能水平呈显著负相关：自我效能、任务定向目标、学习策略对体育技能水平构成显著回归效应，可解释体育技能水平的66％的变异；内在动机通过影响学习策略间接影响体育技能水平。 相似文献
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中小学生体育课成就动机、取向及其与动机气氛感的相关研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
运用问卷调查法对北京市390 名中小学生进行的研究表明,体育课成就动机存在任务和自我目标两种取向。两种目标取向有着年龄差异,12 岁以下组倾向于任务取向,13 岁以上组倾向于自我取向,掌握性动机气氛感与任务目标取向,表现性动机气氛感与自我目标取向之间存在着一定相关,动机气氛感与高任务—高自我、低任务—低自我、高任务—低自我的目标取向结构有较高水平的相关 相似文献
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This article presents an approach for segmenting sporting event volunteers according to differences in their motives. Empirical data were obtained from a sample of 1169 volunteers who registered for the 2014 European Athletics Championships in Zürich. They completed the ‘Volunteer Motivation Scale for International Sporting Events’ (VMS-ISE) questionaire. The validity of the VMS-ISE was replicated by confirmatory factor analysis and the data were cluster analysed to identify distinct motivation-based volunteer profiles. These segmented volunteers on the basis of mutually exclusive motivational characteristics. The external validity of the four motivation-based types (‘community supporters’, ‘material incentive seekers’, ‘social networkers’ and ‘career and personal growth orienteers’) was confirmed with socio-economic, sport-related and volunteer activity-related variables. It is concluded that motivation-based segmentation represents a useful way of gaining a clearer understanding of the patterns underlying the heterogeneity of sporting events volunteers. 相似文献
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Maria Kavussanu 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(6):575-588
Abstract This study examined (a) the main and interactive effects of goal orientations and perceived motivational climate on prosocial and antisocial behaviour, and (b) whether number of seasons one has played for the team interacts with motivational climate in predicting prosocial and antisocial behaviour in association football. Participants were 325 male association football players, whose age ranged from 12 to 17 years. Athletes completed questionnaires measuring frequency of prosocial and antisocial behaviours in football, goal orientation, motivational climate and social desirability, and indicated the number of seasons they had played for their current team. Regression analyses revealed that task orientation and mastery climate were positive predictors of prosocial behaviour, whereas ego orientation and performance climate were positive predictors of antisocial behaviour. In addition, task orientation negatively predicted antisocial behaviour, while ego orientation negatively predicted prosocial behaviour. No significant interactions between task and ego orientation and mastery and performance motivational climate were found. Finally, mastery climate negatively predicted antisocial behaviour for those who had played many seasons for the team. In conclusion, strengthening task orientation and mastery climate and weakening ego orientation may enhance prosocial behaviour. However, for antisocial conduct to be eliminated from the context of association football, ego orientation and performance climate need to be tempered, as these constructs exert unique independent effects on antisocial behaviour. 相似文献
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Kavussanu M 《Journal of sports sciences》2006,24(6):575-588
This study examined (a) the main and interactive effects of goal orientations and perceived motivational climate on prosocial and antisocial behaviour, and (b) whether number of seasons one has played for the team interacts with motivational climate in predicting prosocial and antisocial behaviour in association football. Participants were 325 male association football players, whose age ranged from 12 to 17 years. Athletes completed questionnaires measuring frequency of prosocial and antisocial behaviours in football, goal orientation, motivational climate and social desirability, and indicated the number of seasons they had played for their current team. Regression analyses revealed that task orientation and mastery climate were positive predictors of prosocial behaviour, whereas ego orientation and performance climate were positive predictors of antisocial behaviour. In addition, task orientation negatively predicted antisocial behaviour, while ego orientation negatively predicted prosocial behaviour. No significant interactions between task and ego orientation and mastery and performance motivational climate were found. Finally, mastery climate negatively predicted antisocial behaviour for those who had played many seasons for the team. In conclusion, strengthening task orientation and mastery climate and weakening ego orientation may enhance prosocial behaviour. However, for antisocial conduct to be eliminated from the context of association football, ego orientation and performance climate need to be tempered, as these constructs exert unique independent effects on antisocial behaviour. 相似文献
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John F. Samorajczyk 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):546-551
Abstract According to crisis theorists, people are susceptible to the influence of others during a crisis. In an effort to test this notion, 60 first grade children were given motivational suggestions to enhance their performances on a hand dynamometer during the first three weeks of school. The research design tested the effectiveness of motivational suggestions by comparing performances of 30 subjects who received suggestions to the performances of 30 subjects in a control group. The only significant differences found were in the performances of the subjects who received motivational suggestions. The results did not uphold the notion of crisis theorists, but they did indicate that motivational suggestions were effective in enhancing performance. 相似文献
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Spiridoula Vazou 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):199-211
This study examined (a) variations in the perceptions of peer- and coach-generated motivational climate within and between teams and (b) individual- and group-level factors that can account for these variations. Participants were 483 athletes between 12 and 16 years old. The results showed that perceptions of both peer- and coach-generated climate varied as a function of group-level variables, namely team success, coach's gender (except for peer ego-involving climate), and team type (only for coach ego-involving climate). Perceptions of peer- and coach-generated climate also varied as a function of individual-level variables, namely athletes' task and ego orientations, gender, and age (only for coach task-involving and peer ego-involving climate). Moreover, within-team variations in perceptions of peer- and coach-generated climate as a function of task and ego orientation levels were identified. Identifying and controlling the factors that influence perceptions of peer- and coach-generated climate may be important in strengthening task-involving motivational cues. 相似文献
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E. Whitney G. Moore Theresa C. Brown Mary D. Fry 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2013,17(4):186-199
The purpose of this study was to develop an abbreviated version of the Perceived Motivational Climate in Exercise Questionnaire (PMCEQ-A) to provide a more practical instrument for use in applied exercise settings. In the calibration step, two shortened versions’ measurement and latent model values were compared to each other and the original PMCEQ using a three-group CFA invariance testing approach with previously collected exercise setting data (N = 5,427). Based on the model fit and reliability values, the 12-item version performed better than the 17-item version. The resultant 12-item PMCEQ-A’s CFA model estimates were then compared to the PMCEQ’s model values for two different, previously conducted studies of exercise settings (N = 414 and 770). The more parsimonious 12-item PMCEQ-A can be used by exercise psychology researchers to gain insight into members’ perspectives on the motivational climate and may lead to developing effective strategies to enhance members’ experiences and commitment. 相似文献
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Theresa C. Brown Mary D. Fry Todd D. Little 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2013,17(1):22-39
The current study aims to test the reliability and validity of the Leader–Member Exchange (LMX 7) scale with regard to coach–player relationships in sports settings. A total of 330 professional soccer players from the Turkish Super League as well as from the First and Second Leagues participated in this study. Factor analyses were performed to test the construct validity of the LMX 7. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a one-factor solution for the LMX 7. Confirmatory factor analysis showed acceptable fit indices (χ2(14) = 31.36; p = .001; χ2/df = 2.24; GFI = .95; CFI = .97; SRMR = .05). Cronbach`s alpha (α = .84) and construct reliability (CR = .85) indicated that the reliability of the LMX 7 was quite good. Factorial Invariance (Δχ2diff = 4.49; p > .05) across samples provided cross-validation using Multi-Group Confirmatory Analysis (MGCFA). The MGCFA supported the model of league invariance. Evidence of cross validation and configural, metric, and scalar invariance tests suggested that the LMX 7 scale preserves its factor structure, factor loadings, factor variances, and item uniqueness equally well. Chi-square difference tests revealed full invariance (Δχ2(6) = 11.45; p > .05) and partial scalar invariance (Δχ2(6) = 9.46; p > .05). Overall, these results show that the LMX 7 scale is reliable and valid for examining coach–player relationships. 相似文献