共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 921 毫秒
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运用文献资料法、实验法、数据统计法,对安徽省击剑队青少年运动员下肢膝关节屈伸肌群等速肌力进行分析研究,客观评价青少年与成年击剑运动员在下肢膝关节屈伸肌群力量特征方面存在的差异,同时为青少年击剑专项力量训练提供理论依据和针对性建议。 相似文献
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石新燕 《天津体育学院学报》2012,27(2):168-172
结合训练实践,运用ISOMED2000等速测试仪对我国男子散打主力队员膝、肘关节屈伸肌群肌力特征进行测试与分析。结论:不同等级散打运动员肘关节屈伸肌群等速向心、离心收缩、膝关节伸肌群等速离心收缩相对峰力矩值在60°/s、180°/s时具有显著性差异(P<0.05);膝关节屈伸肌群等速向心收缩、屈肌群离心收缩相对峰力矩值在各角速度下具有显著性差异(P<0.05);不同等级散打运动员肘、膝关节屈伸肌群等速向心收缩在300°/s、离心收缩在240°/s时达到力矩梯度最大值,且差异显著。说明基础力量、中快速力量及快速动作爆发力能较好地反映专项运动水平,相对峰力矩、力矩梯度数值越大,专项水平越高。 相似文献
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通过分析青年男子举重运动员肘关节屈伸肌群的力量参数，探讨肘关节屈伸肌群在举重专项训练中的作用，为预防肘关节损伤及科学训练提供理论依据。采用Cybex—Norm型等速测力与康复系统，在预定角速度90°／s．180°／s和300°／s下对上海举重队9名青年男子举重运动员肘关节进行等速向心屈伸肌力测试。结果发现举重运动员肘关节屈伸肌群相对峰力矩、相对总劝和相对平均功率随着运动速度的增大而减小，屈伸肌群峰力矩比值接近1．0。表明举重项目中肘关节屈伸肌群主要功能是维持运动中关节的稳定性，而两侧肘关节同名肌群肌力素质的不均衡性可能是阻碍专项能力韦黾高的重要因素和诱发运动性伤病的潜在因素。 相似文献
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青年男子足球运动员膝关节肌力特征与损伤的关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用等速测力技术探讨青年足球运动员膝关节屈伸肌群肌力特征与损伤的关系。结果显示,无论慢速运动还是快速运动条件下,均表现出运动员膝关节优势侧与非优势侧屈伸肌力的显著差异性,膝关节屈伸峰力矩比值和平均功率比值随运动速度增加而增大的趋势。提示,以上结果符合青年足球运动员惯用腿踢球的运动习惯,是随着运动年限的延长容易发生膝关节及屈伸肌群损伤的重要原因,因此,我们推断早期注重膝关节前后及双侧肌力的均衡发展是预防足球运动中膝关节损伤的有效措施。 相似文献
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不同运动项目运动员髋关节屈伸肌群横断面积与力矩特征的相关研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过对足球、速度滑冰运动员髋关节屈伸肌群横断面积及力学相关指标的测定,探讨不同运动项目的运动员髋关节屈伸肌群形态特征与肌肉收缩效应的特点以及两者间的内在规律,为运动员训练水平的评估及科学选材等提供理论指导。肌肉横断面积采用螺旋CT进行断层扫描,影像分析采用MoticImagesAdvanced3 0测试系统软件,力量测试采用美国Cybex Norm等速测力系统,数据处理采用SPSS 8 0软件。结果表明:足球运动员大腿肌肉横断面积大于速滑运动员,差异主要表现在股四头肌和股后肌群。在相同测试速度下,足球与速度运动员髋关节屈伸时,左右两腿肌肉收缩力量无明显差异。但不同项目间,同一肌群在不同关节运动,不同速度下,则表现出肌肉力量的明显不同。髋关节屈伸运动时,股四头肌与股后肌群横断面积与力矩的相关程度,足球以屈为明显,速滑以右伸为明显。 相似文献
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王艳春 《西安体育学院学报》2012,29(4):497-500
目的研究篮球运动员下肢膝关节肌力在疲劳状态下的变化,以便加强容易疲劳肌群的力量训练。方法研究选择高水平女篮11名运动员为受试者,采用等速肌力测试系统测定膝关节正常状态和疲劳状态下的屈伸肌力及做功情况。结果篮球运动员在运动中更容易导致屈肌产生疲劳,左侧下肢膝关节屈肌的总功力量存在明显差异性。结论篮球运动更容易引起膝关节屈肌产生疲劳,加强屈肌的肌肉力量训练对提高篮球运动员专项力量将有很大帮助。 相似文献
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为了探讨男子400m栏运动员下肢力量和无氧能力特征,为针对性力量训练和伤病预防提供依据。采用Wingate方案及多关节等速测力系统,对8名优秀男子400m栏运动员进行无氧能力和膝关节肌力进行测试,分析400m栏运动员膝关节屈伸肌相对峰值力矩和相对功的关系,屈伸肌群力矩比、膝关节肌群力量与无氧功能力在不同角速度时的关系。研究结果表明:400m栏运动员膝关节屈伸肌相对峰值力矩和相对功随测试速度的增加呈减小趋势,作为评价肌肉力量指标,相对功比相对峰值力矩更具实践意义;屈伸肌群力矩比指标低于专家推荐值,运动员应加强屈肌群力量训练,以保持关节的平衡和协调;膝关节肌群力量与无氧功能力之间存在密切相关,不同角速度时,膝关节肌群峰值力矩之间呈显著相关关系。 相似文献
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运用ISOMED 2000等速肌力系统对杭州绿城足球俱乐部18名运动员下肢膝关节肌力进行测试。为教练员进一步了解运动员主要专项肌群的实际能力和训练水平,同时出为足球运动员专项力量训练提供科学依据。结果表明：①足球运动员膝关节左右两侧屈肌发展不平衡,提示足球运动员需要加强膝关节屈肌的训练。②在角速度60°/s条件下足球运动员左侧膝关节屈肌峰力矩/伸肌峰力矩（H/Q）不合理,容易造成膝关节损伤,在力量训练中需要注意屈伸肌群合理发展。③足球运动员在下肢力量训练和其他专项训练中应该提高动作速度以提高肌群整体做功功率。 相似文献
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男子短跑运动员上下肢关节力矩的研究 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
为科学评价运动员专项力量的发展水平,寻找适应短跑运动要求的合理的各关节肌肉力矩比率,科学地制定统一量化的专项力量评价指标,采用等速肌力测试系统,对男子儿童、少年、少体校运动员和青年运动员的髋、膝、肩关节肌力进行了测试研究。结果表明:各组髋、膝、肩关节屈伸肌的峰力矩、相对峰力矩随测试角速度的增大而逐渐减小;屈伸肌的峰力矩比值则随测试角速度的增大而逐渐增大;各组左、右膝关节的伸肌快速力与绝对力量的比值均值小于屈肌,特别是运动员和少体校组差异明显;各组左、右髋关节的伸肌快速力与绝对力比值均大于屈肌;以髋关节为基准求出各髋、膝、肩关节在60°/s时相对峰力矩的比值,运动员与儿童组相比膝关节平均比值增幅较大,而肩关节同比增幅较小。 相似文献
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通过观察国家一级优秀竞技健美操运动员下肢膝关节屈伸肌群力量特征,以便为运动员进行力量训练以及预防运动损伤提供参考依据。本实验使用ISOMED2000等动测试系统对男女竞技健美操运动员的下肢膝关节屈伸肌群进行向心收缩的等动测试,测试速度分别为60°/s和180°/s。通过实验及研究,了解到男女竞技健美操运动员下肢肌肉的力量特点,发现男女运动员下肢膝关节屈伸肌比较低,在训练中应注重发展股后肌群的力量,这样运动中就能够提高落地的稳定性,同时还能预防股后肌群损伤、减少下肢肌肉损伤的发生或将损伤程度降低。 相似文献
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为了解我国高水平女子散打运动员不同赛前时期膝关节屈伸肌等动力量的水平与特征,选择上海体育学院女子散打运动员19名作为研究对象,选取整个赛前集训中一个周期的训练作为训练周期,按经典分期理论进行训练分期。等速肌力的测试采用CONTREX等动测试系统,以向心和离心60°/s的恒定角速度下进行右膝关节测试,同时测试0.2s快速屈伸时的最大伸肌力矩。研究结果:优秀女子散打运动员屈肌相对峰力矩值是(1.13±0.15)Nm/kg,伸肌相对峰力矩值为(2.11±0.33)Nm/kg,屈伸肌力矩比值是(53.0±4.0)%,比赛期达到最高值。健将级女子散打运动员的0.2s最大相对屈肌力矩为(1.053±0.207)Nm/kg,伸肌相对最大力矩健将级为(1.795±0.295)Nm/kg。结论:运动员水平越高,膝关节屈肌力量越高,屈伸肌力矩比值越大,不同赛期屈肌力量不同,比赛期达到最高。 相似文献
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Fatigue represents a reduction in the capability of muscle to generate force. The aim of the present study was to establish the effects of exercise that simulates the work rate of competitive soccer players on the strength of the knee extensors and knee flexors. Thirteen amateur soccer players (age 23.3±3.9 years, height 1.78±0.05?m, body mass 74.8±3.6?kg; mean±s) were tested during the 2000–2001 soccer season. Muscle strength of the quadriceps and hamstrings was measured on an isokinetic dynamometer. A 90?min soccer-specific intermittent exercise protocol, incorporating a 15?min half-time intermission, was developed to provide fatiguing exercise corresponding in work rate to a game of soccer. The exercise protocol, performed on a programmable motorized treadmill, consisted of the different intensities observed during soccer match-play (e.g. walking, jogging, running, sprinting). Muscle strength was assessed before exercise, at half-time and immediately after exercise. A repeated-measures analysis of variance showed significant reductions (P?<0.001) in peak torque for both the quadriceps and hamstrings at all angular velocities (concentric: 1.05, 2.09, 5.23 rad?·?s?1; eccentric: 2.09 rad?·?s?1). The peak torque of the knee extensors (KE) and knee flexors (KF) was greater before exercise [KE: 232±37, 182±34, 129±27, 219±41?N?·?m at 1.05, 2.09 and 5.23 rad?·?s?1 (concentric) and 2.09 rad?·?s?1 (eccentric), respectively; KF: 126±20, 112±19, 101±16, 137±23?N?·?m] than at half-time (KE: 209±45, 177±35, 125±36, 214±43?N?·?m; KF: 114±31, 102±20, 92±15, 125±25?N?·?m) and greater at half-time than after exercise (KE: 196±43, 167±35, 118±24, 204±43?N?·?m; KF: 104±25, 95±21, 87±13, 114±27?N?·?m). For the hamstrings?:?quadriceps ratio, significant changes were found (P?<0.05) for both legs, the ratio being greater before than after exercise. For fast?:?slow speed and left?:?right ratios, no significant changes were found. We conclude that there is a progressive reduction in muscle strength that applies across a range of functional characteristics during exercise that mimics the work rate in soccer. 相似文献
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采用德国IsoMed 2000等速肌力测试仪，对17名健将（健将组）和18名一级（一级组）男子举重运动员进行双侧髋、膝和踝关节60°/s、120°/s、180°/s和240°/s向心、离心（每种角速度5次）测试。探讨优秀男子举重运动员下肢关节不同角速度等速肌力的特征，比较健将与一级组间差异，对健将组下肢关节相对峰力矩与相对专项成绩进行Pearson相关分析，并建立抓、挺举与峰力矩多元线性回归方程。结果显示，优秀男子举重运动员的髋关节相对伸爆发力与相对抓举呈高度显著正相关，髋关节中速（120°/s）、膝踝关节相对伸爆发力与相对抓举呈中度显著正相关，而踝关节相对屈绝对力呈中度显著负相关；髋关节相对伸爆发力与相对挺举呈高度显著正相关，左膝（挺举弓步腿）相对中速（120°/s）、爆发力和踝关节相对爆发力与相对挺举呈中度显著正相关。 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(4):331-337
Abstract Introduction: Previous studies have attempted to link the insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene with the variability in muscle strength responses to resistance training (RT); however, the literature is inconclusive. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between the ACE I/D genotype and muscle strength response to a RT program in young men. Methods: 124 men (22±2.6 years; 174.8±6.5cm; 71.5±13.8 kg) without resistance training experience were tested before and after 11 weeks of five whole-body RT exercises (bench press, seated row, knee extension, knee flexion and sit ups). The bench press 1RM test was used to assess upper-body muscle strength and the isokinetic knee extensor peak torque (PT) was used as a measure of lower-body strength. Results: At baseline, there were no differences among ACE genotype for 1RM load (54±11.7 kg for II, 58.5±8.9 kg for ID and 52.3±12.2 kg for DD) or knee extensor peak torque (PT) (220.1±36.8 N·m for II, 209.4 ±44.4 N·m for ID and 199.7±32.4 N·m for DD). Moreover, ACE genotype was not associated with lower-body (7.1±10.5%, 15.7±10.4% and 14.1±22.7% for II, ID and DD, respectively) or upper-body strength gains (16.2±8.9%, 14.5±11.3% and 21.9±17.1% for II, ID and DD, respectively) in response to RT. Conclusion: The ACE I/D genotype was not associated with the muscle strength responses to RT. 相似文献
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Cornelis J. de Ruiter Vana Hutter Chris Icke Bart Groen Anne Gemmink Hiltsje Smilde 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(2):166-174
Abstract We hypothesized that imagery training would improve the fast onset of neuromuscular activation and thereby fast knee extensor isometric torque development. Forty young healthy participants, not involved in strength training, were assigned to one of four groups: physical training, imagery training, placebo training or control. The three training groups had three 15 min sessions per week for 4 weeks, with a 90° knee angle but were tested also at 120°. At 90° knee angle, maximal torque increased (～8%) similarly in all three training groups. The torque–time integral (contractile impulse) over the first 40 ms after torque onset (TTI40) increased (P < 0.05) after physical training (by ～100%), but only at 90°. This increase was significantly different from the delta values (change pre to post) in the control and placebo groups, whereas delta values in the imagery group were similar to those in the placebo group. The increases in TTI40 following physical training were related (r 2 = 0.81, P < 0.05) to significant increases of knee extensor rectified surface EMG at torque onset (EMG40). In conclusion, only physical training led to a knee angle specific increase of contractile impulse that was significantly different from placebo and controls and that was related to improved onset of neuromuscular activation. 相似文献
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Abstract Eighteen male subjects, ages 20–28 years, engaged in three fatigue bouts using an isokinetic dynamometer (Cybex II). Maximum knee extension contractions were given for 100 s at a rate of 30 per minute. The three contraction speeds chosen were 120° · s –1 160° · s –1 and 200° · s –1.Peak torque at 120° · s –1 was significantly greater (p <.05) than at 200° · s –1 for the first 60 s, and 160° · s –1 for the first 50 s. Thereafter, no significant differences existed among conditions. All three curves were found to follow two-component exponential functions as shown by the equation yt =a 2 ek2t – a 1 ek1t + c. The three curves possessed similar rate constants for both components. Time to peak torque was achieved at similar times for testing at 160 and 200° · s –1 (p <.05). It is concluded that peak torque varies inversely with movement speed, and that the pattern of decrement is independent of movement speed. Time to peak torque does not appear to change significantly across trials in isokinetic fatigue. 相似文献