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《中国体育(中英文版)》2007,(9)
环法自行车大赛是家百年老店,它的地位相当于足球界的欧冠赛,篮球界的 NBA,棒球界的大联盟。在欧洲,自行车是最受民众欢迎和参与的运动之一。令人痛心的是,环法老字号进入二十一世纪后,王小二过年,一年不如一年。今年的环法,大家只能捏着鼻子看。 相似文献
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在中国,人们一提起环法大赛,便会想到去年连续第5次夺得这项重大自行车赛冠军的西班牙车手安杜兰。然而在环法赛所在的法国和欧洲其他国家,有一个人的名字与安杜兰一样如雷灌耳。是他在操纵着整个环法赛期间每天3000人的运转,是他使环法赛近几年来成为世界上最有影响,最重要的比赛,将环法赛车手与群众、厂家与新闻媒界共同参与如火如荼、热闹非凡的景象推向了顶峰。他就是环法公司主席勒布朗。 相似文献
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2007年环法大赛落下了帷幕。24岁零7个月的探索频道车队西班牙车手阿尔贝托·康塔德以91小时0分26秒的成绩获得了总冠军!同时他也获得了2007环法大赛的新人王头衔。在一片因禁药问题而生的质疑声中,在前所未有的车手和车队的退赛事件中,环法跌跌撞撞地走完了第94个征程。在丑闻中开始,又在丑闻中结束,恐怕是事前谁也没有料想到的。而一个个服用禁药提升成绩的个体案例也给历经百年洗礼的环法带来了空前的信任危机。没有前途。也没有"钱"途,曾经是金字招牌的环法比赛现如今被砸得支离破碎。 相似文献
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Nour El Helou Geoffroy Berthelot Valérie Thibault Muriel Tafflet Hala Nassif Frédéric Campion 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):789-796
Abstract Road cycling ranks among the most intense endurance exercises. Previous studies and mathematical models describing road cycling have not analysed performances per se. We describe the evolution of road cycling performance over the past 116 years. We studied the top ten cyclists' mean speeds in eight famous classic races and three European Grand Tours, using a previously published multi-exponential model that highlights the different progression periods of an event during the century. In addition, we measured an indicator of difficulty for the Tour de France by calculating the climbing index (i.e. the total altitude climbed over total distance). The eleven races' mean speed increased progressively from 23.13 km · h?1 in 1892 to 41.19 ± 2.03 km · h?1 in 2008. Road cycling development, like other quantifiable disciplines, fits a piecewise progression pattern that follows three periods: before, between, and after the two World Wars. However, a fourth period begins after 1993, providing a speed progression of 6.38% from the third one. The Tour de France's climbing index also provided insight into a recent paradoxical relationship with speeds: when the climbing index increased, the winner's speed also increased. Our results show a major improvement (6.38%) in road cycling performance in the last 20 years and question the role of extra-physiological parameters in this recent progression. 相似文献
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《Sport Management Review》2019,22(2):263-275
The purpose of this study was to identify the antecedent and outcome variables of host city image perceptions, and to analyze how these perceptions impact behavioral intentions from the residents’ viewpoint. To this end, the authors constructed a structural model, distributed questionnaires to residents in Saitama City for the Tour de France Saitama Criterium held in Japan from 2014 to 2016, and collected 636 usable responses. The results verified that the fit between host city and sporting event is a useful antecedent variable of city image. Furthermore, place attachment to host city was identified as an outcome variable. Development of these two variables could benefit behavioral intentions, suggesting that residents play an important role in sporting event development. In addition, the authors found that hosting a sporting event leads to place attachment among residents through fit between host city and sporting event and city image perceptions. Thus, hosting a sporting event has two potential impacts—one each on the event organizer and the host city—from the residents’ viewpoint. It benefits the organizers by developing the residents’ behavioral intentions and has a social impact on the host city through an enhancement in their place attachment. 相似文献
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Bernat López 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(4):635-657
The Vuelta Ciclista a España, whose 75th anniversary will be celebrated in 2010, is one of the three big stage races in the world, alongside the Tour de France and the Giro d'Italia. It is arguably a major yearly sporting event with a wide popular appeal and media coverage, not only at a national level but also increasingly at a global one. Yet, unlike the Tour and the Giro, it remains unexplored from a socio-scientific perspective. This article aims, therefore, at breaking some new ground while analysing the socio-political dimension of this long-lasting, successful sporting event's first instalment in 1935, putting it against the backdrop of the turbulent Second Republic and the path leading to the Civil War. The media-confected nature of the Vuelta is highlighted, which brings it close to its fellow races of the Big Three Tours (also set up and managed by daily newspapers), but a major difference is pointed out: the first Vuelta's predominant political-ideological rationale, its overwhelming propagandistic aim put to the service of Spanish reactionary forces, compared to the mainly commercial purposes of the first Tour's and Giro's marketing-driven organizers. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTCyclists in the Tour de France are endurance specialists. Twin and family studies have shown that approximately 50% of the variance in a number of performance-related phenotypes (whether measured at baseline, i.e., natural talent, or in response to training) including those important to cycling can be explained by genetic variation. Research into the specific genetic variants that are responsible has identified over 200 genes containing common genetic variants involved in the genetic predisposition to physical performance. However, typically these explain only a small portion of the variance, perhaps 1–2% and collectively they rarely explain anything approaching the 50% of the variance identified in the twin and family studies. Thus, there is a gap in our understanding of the relationship between heritability and performance. This gap may be bridged by investigation of rare variants or epigenetic variation or by altering study designs through increased collaborations to pool existing cohorts together. Initial findings from such efforts show promising results. This mini-review will touch on the genetics and epigenetics of sporting performance, how they relate to cyclists in the Tour de France and where best future efforts may be directed as well as discuss some preliminary research findings. 相似文献
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Richard Shipway Katherine King Insun Sunny Lee Graham Brown 《Journal of Sport Tourism》2016,20(1):21-39
Sport tourism experiences are subjective and emotional, laden with symbolic meaning. This study explores the experiences of participants who adopted the multiple roles of both an active participant and event spectator, within the parameters of one chosen sporting event. A professional cycling race event, the Tour Down Under in South Australia was chosen for this investigation, and 20 face-to-face individual interviews were conducted with cycle tourists. The three main themes emerging from the data were the interaction of people and temporary spaces on a sport tourism ‘stage’; the co-creation of authentic personal experiences and meanings; and identity reinforcement and the development of a sense of belonging. Consequently, a model for understanding sport event tourism experiences is proposed. The findings suggest that providing tourists with authentic and memorable experiences lies at the heart of what constitutes sport tourism. Whilst the results demonstrate that cycling events provide the individual with a sense of belonging or membership to a wider social group, they also illustrate that there is a continued need for more focused and nuanced approaches towards understanding sport tourism experiences that reflect the ever-increasing diversity and complexity of the interaction between sport, events and tourism. 相似文献
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This study analysed the evolution of the physical potential of a twice top-10 Grand Tour cycling finisher (Tour de France and Vuelta a España) whose training was monitored between the ages of 18 and 23 years. The world-class cyclist’s power output (PO) data and training indices were analysed over six years to determine the evolution of his record power profile and training load (TL), which were estimated by using the session rating of perceived exertion (RPE) method. The total annual duration and TL increased through six seasons by 79% and 83%, respectively. The record POs in all exercise intensity zones improved over the six years. The increases in TL, monotony (+34%) and strain (+162%) from the junior category to the world-class level significantly correlated with an improvement in his aerobic potential, which was characterised by an increase in the record POs between 5 min and 4 h. This case study of the performance level and training parameters of a world-class cyclist provides comprehensive insight into the evolution of a cyclist to the top level. Furthermore, determining the record power profile of this athlete over six competitive seasons illuminates the maturation of the physical potential of a top-10 Grand Tour finisher. 相似文献
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奇观体育与体育奇观:罗兰·巴尔特的符号学体育赛事观 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
法国思想家和符号学家罗兰.巴尔特对观赏性强、影响力大的体育赛事和体育公共事件情有独钟,曾多次撰文对奇观体育所展示出来的体育奇观进行符号学分析。在其代表作之一《神话集》中以《摔角世界》开篇,初步构建了体育游戏的微观符号学分析体系。之后,他在"作为史诗的环法大赛"一文中,通过对环法自行车赛事无巨细的符号学分析,论述了这项法国现象级赛事的一般符号学意义。在为加拿大电视纪录片《体育与人类》创作的台本《什么是体育》中,通过对五种具有国家身份性质的体育运动内涵的解读,巴尔特集中论述了自己的体育符号思想,展示了其相对完善的体育赛事观。 相似文献
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体育赛事的举办是城市发展的需求,一个城市大型体育赛事的成功举办,不仅能积极提高城市的知名度和影响力,还能展现出主办城市的文化建设发展风貌,增强城市对外的吸引力。本文运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法等研究方法,以2019国际篮联三对三世界巡回大师赛(成都站)为研究对象,探索大型赛事对提升赛事传播力和形象上的提升,进而研究助力成都市城市形象优化路径的方法。建议:搭建多元化的传播策略,扩大宣传辐射面;激发全民参与运动的热情,增加全民健身设施;聚焦赛事文化创意产业,带动经济多样化发展。 相似文献