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1.
《体育科技文献通报》1997,(7)
G804.7 9702672肌酸的补充与运动能力[刊,中,I]/李之俊//游泳季刊.-1997(1).-34-35(ZZY)肌酸//补充//运动能力//作用//肌酸激酶G804.7 9702673儿童最大有氧活动能力的追踪研究=Longitudinal study maximal aerobic powerin Chinese Children[刊,中,A]/林琬生,邵立新,冷晓燕,关明杰,张玉青,关英华//体育科学.-1997年3月.-17(2).-51-56表5参221(ZZY)儿童//青少年//最大耗氧量//有氧能力报告了60名10—15岁儿童(31名男童,29名女童)最大有氧活动能力的追踪研究结果.应用 Jaeger LE/6型步行机运动,使用 Jaeger 自动气体分析仪作气体分析,发现男女童的 VO2max、VO2max/Ht、VO2max/Ht2及 VO2max 相似文献
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利用2005年和1985年少数民族学生体质健康调研所获得的数据,对高原地区的羌族、纳西族、土族、藏族学生的生长发育状况作20年的动态观察、对比和分析,探讨该地区少数民族学生生长发育变化的特点、规律、趋势,结果发现:1)高原地区少数民族学生的生长发育水平有一定幅度的提高;生长发育速度均已步入快速增长期;男生胸围平均增长值(除纳西族外)均出现不同幅度的下降,女生均出现不同幅度的增长;生长发育整体水平,纳西族、藏族学生好于羌族、土族学生.2)高原地区少数民族学生身高突增高峰年龄(除纳西族女生外)提前1～4年,体重突增高峰年龄(除土族女生无变化外)提前1～2年,胸围突增高峰年龄变化不明显.3)高原地区少数民族学生身高速度高峰(PHV)变化不明显,最大年增长值2005年多数大于1985年;体重速度高峰(PWV)2005年多数小于1985年,最大年增长值,2005年多数大于1985年;胸围速度高峰(PCV)和最大年增长值,2005年多数大于1985年. 相似文献
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本文利用湘西地区1991年和2000年学生体质健康调研所获得的数据，对汉族城乡学生的体质状况作9年的动态观察、对比和分析。为进一步研究湘西各民族学生体质状况提供科学依据。研究结果，(1)9年间，湘西汉族城、乡学生身高、体重的平均增长值各有增减；胸围平均增长值出现下降；城、乡学生生长发育的突增高峰年龄出现推迟。(2)9年间，汉族学生肺活量平均增长均为负，呈现出较大幅度的下降趋势。(3)9年间，汉族学生身体素质平均增长值多数出现不同程度的下降，其中，耐力素质下降幅度较大。 相似文献
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通过对１５名小学三、四年级身材矮小的学生形态、机能测量和内分泌检查,采用运动处方进行半年的身高助长体育锻炼,结果：男童身高平均增长３．４２ｃｍ,女童身高平均增长３．６０ｃｍ。 相似文献
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9-19岁男性青少年身体形态和下肢爆发力的发育特征研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了解青少年身体形态和下肢爆发力的发育特征、规律,给运动员科学选材和运动训练科学化提供依据。对上海市74名9-19岁男性青少年身体形态和下肢爆发力发育状况进行了2年的追踪调查,结果发现,样本男性青少年在青春期身高发育速度高峰年龄为11岁;身高增长最快速的年龄段是11-13岁,这与其他研究结果相比稍有提前。体重与身高在16岁以前呈较快上升趋势,体重的增加略滞后于身高的增长。青少年身体形态的发育,长度指标先于围度、量度指标,体脂率的变异度很大。男性青少年垂直纵跳能力在11-17岁为快速增长期。下肢爆发力在青春发育前期(9-14岁),随身体形态的增长发育,呈自然增长趋势,两者之间为正相关关系。RDJ指数是一个比较稳定的,受青春期发育影响比较小的指标。 相似文献
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此研究对象由24名11~12岁青春期前的儿童组成,其目的是为了探讨一个为期10W的有氧训练计划对青春期前儿童有氧能力的影响,尤其是对不同性别儿童的最大吸氧量(VO2max)的影响。训练组经过10W的有氧训练后,VO2max得到了明显的增加,这种增加在女童中更为明显。VO2max增加的比例和初始VO2max(ml.min-1.kg-1)水平之间存在显著相关。研究结果显示,青春期前的儿童经过一段时间的有氧训练后,VO2max能得到增加,如果考虑到初始有氧能力水平,那么男女孩VO2max的增加将不存在显著差异。 相似文献
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为了解和掌握广西仫佬族与壮族学生体质健康状况及其差异,对广西仫佬族1419名学生的体质调研资料进行统计并与2010年广西城乡壮族7～15岁学生的调查资料进行比较。结果显示,广西仫佬族与城市壮族学生身高、体重均值水平有较大的差距,身体充实度落后于城市壮族学生的平均水平,体型接近乡村壮族学生群体,男、女生身体形态生长突增高峰的开始年龄分别为13～14岁和10-12岁;肺机能发育水平以及柔韧素质仫佬族学生明显优于城乡壮族学生水平;视力不良检出率仫佬族与壮族学生均表现为,女生高于男生,并随学龄呈逐年增长趋势。因此,应根据各民族学生体质指标态势,有针对性地进行营养、体育锻炼等干预措施,以促进学生体质健康水平。 相似文献
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采用测量法、数理统计法对辽宁省国民体质健康的发展现状进行研究.研究发现:3～20岁幼儿、儿童青少年身高与体重增长高于全国平均水平,肥胖比例增加.成年人随年龄增长体能呈下降趋势,在身体形态上大于全国平均水平.BMI测试显示,肥胖比例增加.老年人群的体能呈进一步下降的趋势. 相似文献
9.
11名男性学生在跑台上依次参加了递增负荷VO_(2max)测定和4mMol/l乳酸阈测定。恒速负荷最大乳酸稳定状态(MLSS)测定和MLSS气体代谢测定。然后其中7名接受了田径场MLSS强度和大于MLSS强度0.2米/秒运动测试。结果表明:本实验中长时间间歇跑时,在全体受试者中均测得了一个相对的MLSS现象,且MLSS速度与受试者的耐力训练水平呈正相关;本文中MLSS时的VE、VO_2、VE/VO_2、VE/VCO_2与AT强度下的变化规律相同;一定条件下,MLSS速度可转用于田径场运动;4mMol/l阈速度可以大体代表MLSS速度,并可以用作评定个体最大有氧能力的简便指标。 相似文献
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文章运用曲线拟合的方法,将全国和山西省城市汉族7-22岁男学生各年龄段断面的身高数据拟合转换为纵向连续资料,选取最佳曲线拟合模型,对比分析揭示内部变化规律。发现山西与全国城市汉族7-22岁男学生身高均值与生长速度变化趋势一致,均在7-9岁和10-12岁身高进入生长突增期,13-19岁增长速度缓慢下降,20岁趋于稳定后身高均值有随年龄增长而降低趋势。全国与山西省增长速度曲线在6岁和15岁时两次交叉。 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to examine the maturation responses of young people to submaximal treadmill exercise. Body mass was controlled using both the conventional ratio standard and allometric modelling. Ninety-seven boys and 97 girls with a mean age of 12.2 years completed a discontinuous, incremental exercise test to voluntary exhaustion. We measured peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and VO2 when running at 8, 9 and 10 km x h(-1). Sexual maturation was assessed visually using Tanner's indices of pubic hair. Peak VO2 was significantly higher in boys (P<0.001); this was still the case when the influence of body mass was covaried out. During submaximal exercise, no significant differences in absolute VO2 were observed between the sexes (P>0.05); however, values of VO2, expressed both in ratio with body mass and adjusted for body mass using allometry, were significantly greater in boys than in girls (P<0.001). For absolute VO2, significant main effects (P<0.05) were seen for maturity at each exercise stage. With the influence of body mass controlled using either the ratio standard or allometry, no significant main effects (P>0.05) for maturity were observed. Our results indicate that boys are less economical than girls while running at 8-10 km x h(-1) and that, independently of body mass, maturation does not influence the VO2 response to submaximal exercise. 相似文献
13.
Development of maximal oxygen uptake in young elite male cross-country skiers: a longitudinal study.
F Ingjer 《Journal of sports sciences》1992,10(1):49-63
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of extensive endurance training (15-25 h per week) on the development of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) in boys from puberty. Maximal oxygen uptake was measured a number of times each year from the age of puberty and for the next 6-9 years in seven young male elite cross-country skiers. Mean VO2 max was measured as 76.3 and 80.1 ml kg-1 min-1 at the ages of 14 and 15 years respectively. Despite the fast rate of growth during puberty, maximal aerobic power showed seasonal variations from the age of 14, reaching a plateau at the age of 15, whereas VO2 max (ml kg-2/3 min-1) increased continuously. It is concluded that, during puberty, boys probably attain significant increases in VO2 max when appropriate amounts of endurance training are undertaken. 相似文献
14.
The multistage 20 metre shuttle run test for aerobic fitness 总被引：18，自引：2，他引：16
A maximal multistage 20 m shuttle run test was designed to determine the maximal aerobic power of schoolchildren, healthy adults attending fitness class and athletes performing in sports with frequent stops and starts (e.g. basketball, fencing and so on). Subjects run back and forth on a 20 m course and must touch the 20 m line; at the same time a sound signal is emitted from a prerecorded tape. Frequency of the sound signals is increased 0.5 km h-1 each minute from a starting speed of 8.5 km h-1. When the subject can no longer follow the pace, the last stage number announced is used to predict maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) (Y, ml kg-1 min-1) from the speed (X, km h-1) corresponding to that stage (speed = 8 + 0.5 stage no.) and age (A, year): Y = 31.025 + 3.238 X - 3.248A + 0.1536AX, r = 0.71 with 188 boys and girls aged 8-19 years. To obtain this regression, the test was performed individually. Right upon termination VO2 was measured with four 20 s samples and VO2max was estimated by retroextrapolating the O2 recovery curve at time zero of recovery. For adults, similar measurements indicated that the same equation could be used keeping age constant at 18 (r = 0.90, n = 77 men and women 18-50 years old). Test-retest reliability coefficients were 0.89 for children (139 boys and girls 6-16 years old) and 0.95 for adults (81 men and women, 20-45 years old).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to monitor longitudinal changes in young people's submaximal oxygen uptake (VO 2 ) responses during horizontal treadmill running at 8 km h -1 . The 236 participants (118 boys, 118 girls) were aged 11.2 +/- 0.4 years (mean +/- s) at the onset of the study. Submaximal VO 2 , peak VO 2 and anthropometry were recorded annually for three consecutive years. The data were analysed using multi-level regression modelling within a multiplicative, allometric framework. The initial model examined sex, age and maturity-related changes in submaximal VO 2 relative to body mass as the sole anthropometric covariate. Our results demonstrate that the conventional ratio standard ml kg -1 min -1 does not adequately describe the true relationship between body mass and submaximal VO 2 during this period of growth. The effects of maturity and age were non-significant, but girls consumed significantly less VO 2 than boys running at 8 km h -1 . In subsequent models, stature was shown to be a significant explanatory variable, but this effect became non-significant when the sum of two skinfolds was added. Thus, within this population, submaximal VO 2 responses were explained predominantly by changes in body mass and skinfold thicknesses, with no additional maturity-related increments. When differences in body mass and skinfolds were controlled for, there was still a difference between the sexes in submaximal VO 2 , with girls becoming increasingly more economical with age. 相似文献
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Dencker M Thorsson O Karlsson MK Lindén C Wollmer P Andersen LB 《Journal of sports sciences》2008,26(13):1397-1402
Maximal oxygen uptake VO(2max)) is considered the optimal method to assess aerobic fitness. The measurement of VO(2max), however, requires special equipment and training. Maximal exercise testing with determination of maximal power output offers a more simple approach. This study explores the relationship between [Vdot]O(2max) and maximal power output in 247 children (139 boys and 108 girls) aged 7.9-11.1 years. Maximal oxygen uptake was measured by indirect calorimetry during a maximal ergometer exercise test with an initial workload of 30 W and 15 W x min(-1) increments. Maximal power output was also measured. A sample (n = 124) was used to calculate reference equations, which were then validated using another sample (n = 123). The linear reference equation for both sexes combined was: VO(2max) (ml x min(-1)) = 96 + 10.6 x maximal power + 3.5 . body mass. Using this reference equation, estimated VO(2max) per unit of body mass (ml x min(-1) x kg(-1)) calculated from maximal power correlated closely with the direct measurement of VO(2max) (r = 0.91, P <0.001). Bland-Altman analysis gave a mean limits of agreement of 0.2+/-2.9 (ml x min(-1) x kg(-1)) (1 s). Our results suggest that maximal power output serves as a good surrogate measurement for VO(2max) in population studies of children aged 8-11 years. 相似文献
18.
The aim of this study was to monitor longitudinal changes in young people's submaximal oxygen uptake (VO2) responses during horizontal treadmill running at 8 km x h(-1). The 236 participants (118 boys, 118 girls) were aged 11.2+/-0.4 years (mean +/- s) at the onset of the study. Submaximal VO2, peak VO2 and anthropometry were recorded annually for three consecutive years. The data were analysed using multi-level regression modelling within a multiplicative, allometric framework. The initial model examined sex, age and maturity-related changes in submaximal VO2 relative to body mass as the sole anthropometric covariate. Our results demonstrate that the conventional ratio standard ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) does not adequately describe the true relationship between body mass and submaximal VO2 during this period of growth. The effects of maturity and age were non-significant, but girls consumed significantly less VO2 than boys running at 8 km x h(-1). In subsequent models, stature was shown to be a significant explanatory variable, but this effect became non-significant when the sum of two skinfolds was added. Thus, within this population, submaximal VO2 responses were explained predominantly by changes in body mass and skinfold thicknesses, with no additional maturity-related increments. When differences in body mass and skinfolds were controlled for, there was still a difference between the sexes in submaximal VO2, with girls becoming increasingly more economical with age. 相似文献
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儿童最大有氧能力、跑节省化以及心脏左室结构与线粒体DNA基因多态性的关联研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
摘要：对36名男性儿童的最大有氧能力、跑节省化以及心脏左室形态结构与线粒体DNAD—Loop区遗传多态性作了关联分析。实验结果支持我们早先的研究结论，即线粒体DNAD—Loop区可能对人类VO2azx有一定程度的调控作用，而与RE无关。对于青春发育前期的男性儿童，VO2azx与RE呈显著相关关系，但二者的生理机制可能会有差异。中枢机制是决定青春发育前期儿童VO2azx自然值的重要因素。 相似文献