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1.
不同形式振动训练中下肢肌群的神经肌肉激活特征   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  
探讨半蹲姿势下,垂直振动和多维振动刺激所引起的下肢不同肌群的神经肌肉激活特征.结果表明.两种振动刺激均能诱发激活更多的运动单位参与募集,增加肌肉的EMGrms值.但多维组合振动改变同群肌肉内和前后肌群间的支配比例关系,为科学运用振动训缘法提供理论依据.  相似文献   

2.
袁艳  吴贻刚  苏彦炬  李玉章 《体育科学》2012,32(10):64-68,97
附加振动刺激的负重半蹲运动成为一种新兴的下肢力量训练手段,但是,负重半蹲运动中附加不同频率的振动刺激对下肢肌肉的激活特征研究较少。以10名健康男性大学生在不附加振动、分别附加频率为30、40、50Hz共计4种振动刺激条件以及无负重和负重30%最大力量两种负荷条件下完成10次半蹲起的大腿表面肌电活动特征进行研究。实验结果经双因素方差分析,振动刺激对所有被检肌肉肌电均方根值(EMGrms)有显著影响(P<0.05),负重对股直肌、股内侧肌和股外侧肌EMGrms有极显著性影响(P<0.01),对股二头肌和半腱肌无显著影响;振动刺激和负重对各被检测肌肉肌电交互作用不显著。多重比较表明,50Hz的振动频率可以显著提高被检肌群的EMGrms。结论:30%1RM负重可以提高股直肌、股内侧肌和股外侧肌的肌肉激活,但不能增加股二头肌和半腱肌的肌肉激活。无论是否负重,半蹲起练习时附加振动频率为50 Hz的振动刺激可以显著增加大腿肌肉激活(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

3.
振动波方向、频率对振动训练的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
研究不同方向的振动波、振动频率在振动训练中对肌肉力量的影响。通过对人体在负重蹲练习时附加不同振动方向、振动频率的振动刺激,测量训练前后等速肌力矩峰值、功率等指标。经对测量数据对比分析发现,水平方向和多维方向振动波的训练效果要优于垂直方向;在15～45Hz振动频率范围内,振动训练的效果有明显增加的趋势。振动训练采用水平或多维方向的振动波,以及振动频率大于30Hz时,可收到较好训练效果。  相似文献   

4.
对10名健康男性大学生在不附加振动,分别附加频率为25、30、35、40、45、50 Hz共计7种振动刺激条件,以及不负重和负重30％最大力量两种负荷条件下完成10次半蹲起的小腿表面肌电活动特征进行研究.结果表明:经双因素方差分析,振动刺激对被检肌肉肌电均方根值(EM-Grms)有显著影响(P＜0.05);负重对腓肠肌EMGrms有非常显著的影响(P＜0.01),对胫骨前肌无显著影响;振动刺激和负重对各被检测肌肉均无明显交互作用.多重比较表明:45 Hz的振动频率可以显著提高被检肌群的EMGrms.结论:半蹲起练习时附加振动刺激可以提高小腿肌肉的激活程度;30％1RM负重可以显著提高腓肠肌激活程度,但不能增加胫骨前肌激活程度;无论是否负重,45 Hz的振动刺激可以显著增加小腿肌肉激活(P＜0.05).  相似文献   

5.
振动力量训练对肌肉力量的影响研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  
利用自制的振动台对实验组进行全身振动刺激力量训练,振动刺激的频率范围为20-25HZ,振动的加速度为15-20m/s2。通过对振动刺激力量法和传统力量训练方法的比较研究,发现附加全身振动刺激的实验组下肢三大关节屈伸肌肌群的一般和快速力量在实验后明显提高,其增长幅度明显大于对照组,组间比较具有显著性差异。表明肌肉动态训练中附加全身振动刺激能有效地提高肌肉力量训练的效果。  相似文献   

6.
目的:通过对优秀速滑运动员冰上弯道滑跑和陆上模拟训练肌肉用力特征的对比研究,为提高陆上训练的专项性提供科技支撑。方法:以奥运冠军张虹为研究对象,采用视频与肌电同步技术采集冰上与陆上肌电参数,从做功的主要肌群、肌肉激活强度和肌肉激活顺序3个方面,对弯道滑跑肌肉用力特征及陆上模拟训练的专项性进行分析。结果:张虹胫骨前肌和股前肌群是冰上支撑阶段的主要做功肌群;胫骨前肌自收腿起至着冰止,处于持续发力状态,蹬冰时灭活;股前肌群着冰前处于激活状态,收腿阶段灭活;胫骨前肌激活程度屈过程大于伸过程,股前肌群激活程度伸过程大于屈过程;陆上模拟肌肉用力特征与专项有一定差异,但对股前肌群有较好的训练作用。结论:冰陆间肌电的差异是由于支撑条件与方式不同引起的,根据专项技术的特殊需求,对训练器材进行适当改造和对训练细节进行完善,可进一步加强训练的专项化程度,提高训练效益。  相似文献   

7.
研究的目的是探讨全身振动训练对老年人下肢肌肉力量的改善效应.24名年龄≥65岁的健康老年人分为实验组和对照组参与研究.实验组采用全身振动训练与阻力训练相结合的方式,振动频率为25hz,振幅在5mm,对照组采用常规阻力训练方式.训练时间为每周3次,每次持续时间30分钟以上.结果表明:全身振动训练与老年人的自身阻力练习相结合,对老年人的下肢膝关节伸肌群、踝关节屈伸肌群的肌肉力量具有明显的促进作用.  相似文献   

8.
采用电刺激训练前后力量测试的方法,获得了前臂屈肌群的最大等长力量、一般力量、爆发力和肌肉耐力的变化数据,分析和探讨了电刺激训练前臂屈肌群对其伸肌力量的作用,为科学地应用电刺激训练法提高肌肉力量,提供一定的依据。  相似文献   

9.
振动训练--提高肌肉力量的有效辅助手段   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
胡扬  何耀锋 《体育科学》2006,26(6):84-84
振动训练（Vibration Training）与常规阻力训练的组合被认为比传统单一的阻力训练效果更好。尽管在当前有关振动训练作用的研究中，缺乏在实验条件上的严格控制，但该领域的研究结果表明，振动能对肌肉力量和做功能力的提高有急性和长期训练作用。然而，振动对于发展肌肉力量和做功能力的作用是由它自身特性（实施方法、振幅和振动频率）与训练安排（训练类型、训练强度和训练负荷量）所决定的。振幅和振动频率决定了振动对神经肌肉系统的负荷强度。而振动负荷应控制在最佳范围内才能达到增强肌肉力量和做功能力的效果，且刺激肌肉最有效的振动频率应控制在30～50Hz。虽然目前最理想的振幅还未确定，但小振幅似乎对于提高肌肉力量来说还是不够的。然而，需要强调并注意的是：振动的应用方法（振动对靶肌肉组织的直接刺激或间接刺激）可能会影响传递到肌肉组织的振幅和振动频率量级，因此，它也可能影响振动训练的效果。在振动训练过程中，振动的强度和负荷量越大，肌肉力量和做功能力的提高越明显。另外，振动训练提高优秀运动员肌肉力量和做功能力的效果远比非优秀运动员的明显。  相似文献   

10.
目的:通过对温州大学体育教育专业艺术体操专选学生上肢进行局部振动刺激力量训练,探讨局部振动刺激对上肢肌肉力量训练效果的影响.方法:实验对象为温州大学体育教育专业艺术体操专选学生20名,随机分为实验组和对照组.两组学生共接受8周系统力量训练,每周3次,每次以最大力量的75%、80%、85%、90%、85%、80%、75%的负荷做12、10、8、6、8、10、12次,时间间隔为2.5~3min,振动训练组在接受上述训练的同时附加40~45Hz的局部振动刺激.实验前后一周内用CYBEX6000对肘关节屈伸肌群的一般力量、快速力量、平均功率和加速时间等指标进行测试.结果:局部振动刺激组肘关节屈伸肌肌群的一般、快速力量、爆发力和平均功率的增大幅度明显大于普通力量训练组,但对肌肉耐力提高不明显.结论:局部振动刺激力量训练法能够有效地增强肌肉力量训练的效果.  相似文献   

11.
Abstract

The aim of the study was to compare the effect of an unsupervised whole body vibration (WBV) training and two different supervised multi-purpose exercise programmes, with and without WBV, on body composition, functional fitness and self-reported well-being in middle-aged adults. Fifty-four healthy participants (age 48.6 ± 6.7 years) were randomly assigned to a vibration group (VG), a multi-purpose exercise group (MG) and a multi-purpose exercise with vibration group (VMG) and trained 3 days a week for 4 months. VG performed a standardised unsupervised WBV protocol, MG a supervised multi-purpose exercise and VMG a multi-purpose exercise including vibration. After training, drop out was significantly higher in VG group (P = 0.016) when compared to VMG group. In both MG and VMG, body composition, sit-up, push-up, sit and reach, agility test, hopping test and self-reported general health significantly improved (P < 0.05). No additive effects were generated by the vibration stimulus. Percentage of body fat and agility test in VG had a significant opposite trend compared to VMG group (P < 0.05). In summary, an unsupervised WBV training should not be chosen for training protocol. However, positive effects on physical fitness and the best results in adherence could be achieved integrating WBV practice into a multi-purpose exercise training.  相似文献   

12.
Little is known about the transmission of vibration to the head when using whole-body vibration (WBV) training machines. This paper investigates the effect of frequency and posture on the transmission of vibration from a vibrating plate to the head of standing people. Nine male participants were exposed to vertical vibration at nine frequencies in the range of 17–46 Hz and vibration acceleration in the range of 7.85–18.64 m/s2 (peak). The participants adopted four standing postures described as standing with locked knee (LK), bent knee (BK), one leg (OL), and one foot to the front and the other to the back (FB). The transmissibility to the head differed among postures (t-test, p < 0.05) and was greatest with the FB posture and smallest with the BK posture. The transmissibility to the head decreased with increasing the frequency (t-test, p < 0.05) but the extent of the decrease depended on the adopted posture. This frequency-posture interaction effect on the transmissibility should be considered when designing a training program. The data will be useful for developing standards/protocols that govern the use of WBV machines as well as for building human body models that can predict potential risks arising from using WBV machines.  相似文献   

13.
Abstract

This study investigated in older adults whether whole-body vibration (WBV) training results in significant increases of physical fitness measures without alterations in markers of inflammation. Sixteen volunteers completed a WBV programme 3 d.wk?1 during 9 weeks. The programme consisted of lower and upper-body unloaded static and dynamic exercises. Training improved significantly several tests which evaluate physical fitness, such as 30-s chair stand, arm curl or chair sit and reach test. There was a significant increase in maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) between pre- and post-training conditions. Muscle power values, reached at 20, 40 and 60% MVIC, were also significantly greater after training. However, mRNA or protein levels for C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-10 did not significantly differ from basal values. Our data confirm the usefulness of WBV training for counteracting the loss of muscle strength associated with sarcopenia in older adults and show that WBV training could be a safe training method which induces no inflammatory effects.  相似文献   

14.
Whole body vibration (WBV) is used as a training method but its physical risk is not yet clear. Hence, the aim of this study is to assess the exposure to WBV by a measure of acceleration at the lower limb under dynamic and static postural conditions. The hypothesis of this paper is that this assessment is influenced by the frequency, position, and movement of the body. Fifteen healthy males are exposed to vertical sinusoidal vibration at different frequencies (20–60 Hz), while adopting three different static postures (knee extension angle: 180°, 120° and 90°) or performing a dynamic half-squat exercise. Accelerations at input source and at three joints of the lower limb (ankle, knee, and hip) are measured using skin-mounted accelerometers. Acceleration values (g) in static conditions show a decrease in the vibrational dose when it is measured at a more proximal location in the lower extremity. The results of the performed statistical test show statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in the transmissibility values caused by the frequency, the position, and to the presence of the movement and its direction at the different conditions. The results confirm the initial hypothesis and justify the importance of a vibration assessment in dynamic conditions.  相似文献   

15.
Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effect of whole body vibration (WBV) training on the knee kinematics and neuromuscular control after single-legged drop landings. Surface electromyographic (EMG) activity of the rectus femoris and hamstring muscles and knee and ankle accelerometry signals were acquired from 42 healthy volunteers. Participants performed three pre-test landings and after a recovery period of three minutes, they completed one set of six bouts of WBV each of one minute duration (30 Hz – 4 mm), followed by a single-leg drop landing. After the WBV intervention no significant changes were observed in the kinematic outcomes measured, although the time to stabilise the lower-limb was significantly lower after the vibration training (F(8,41) = 6.55; P < 0.01). EMG analysis showed no significant differences in the amplitude of rectus femoris or hamstring muscles after WBV training, however, significant differences in EMG frequency of the rectus femoris were found before (F(8,41) = 7.595; P < 0.01) and after toe-down (F(8,41) = 4.440; P < 0.001). Finally, no significant changes were observed in knee or ankle acceleration after WBV. Results suggest that WBV can help to acutely enhance knee neuromuscular control, which may have clinical significance and help in the design of rehabilitation programmes.  相似文献   

16.
目的：通过新型的肌肉无创诊断技术--肌肉功能状态分析仪（TMG）,分析振动训练后下肢肌肉的机械收缩状态,评估振动训练的效果和慢性踝关节不稳（CAI）患者恢复过程中下肢肌肉功能状态的变化。方法：招募并筛选出慢性踝关节不稳患者13例,随机分为实验组（振动训练组,7人）和对照组（非振动训练组,6人）。振动训练组下肢功能训练在Power Plate振动台上进行,而对照组的训练在非振动台上进行。训练负荷及时间：持续时间30 min,刺激频率为45 Hz,一周两次,共8周。两组受试者者在病情、症状、体征、纳入标准上均无差异。测试指标：采用肌肉状态分析仪（TMG）测试肌肉的机械收缩指标,主要指标有肌肉收缩时间（Tc）、放松时间（Tr）、径向位移（Dm）。测试肌肉包括腓肠肌内、外侧（GM、GL）和胫骨前肌（TA）。结果：8周的训练后与实验前相比,振动训练组和对照组较实验前Tc都有所增加,但对照组增加的更多,两组较实验前都没有显著性差异。振动训练组GM的Tr时间缩短了12.3%,对照组增加了45.7%,较实验前有显著性差异,P＜0.05。对照组变化的比率较振动训练组也有显著性差异,P＜0.05, 而TA和GL虽有变化,但无显著差异。振动训练组TA的Dm增长13.52%,对照组却缩短了0.25%,但都没有显著性差异。振动训练组GL、GM的Dm分别增长了42.7%、38.4%,较对照组有显著性差异。实验组受试者睁眼单腿站立时间较实验前提高61.2%,差异显著,P＜0.05。对照组睁眼单腿站立时间较实验前提高44.9%,无显著性差异。结论：CAI患者在康复训练过程中,TA、GM和GL的收缩时间和径向位移均增加,而放松时间没有明显的一致性变化,这提示振动训练可以提高CAI患者的肌肉收缩能力。振动训练和常规训练均可以提高CAI患者的平衡能力,但振动训练的效果更显著。TMG可以作为CAI患者康复过程中肌肉功能状态的评估手段。  相似文献   

17.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) on the muscle recruitment of selected upper and lower body muscles during the baseball swing. Participants were recreationally trained males (n = 16, 22 +/- 2 years, 181.4 +/- 7.4 cm, 84.7 +/- 9.0 kg), with previous baseball experience. Subjects participated in three randomized sessions on separate days, consisting of three sets of five swings offa hitting tee. Exercises (upper and lower body dynamic and static movements) with or without WBVexposure were performed between swing sets. During each swing, the gastrocnemius, biceps femoris, gluteus maximus, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, and triceps brachii were evaluated for electromyographic (EMG) activity. EMG values were normalized to EMG measured during maximal voluntary isometric contraction. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences in EMG activity across the three treatments. In addition, the results displayed a specific muscle recruitment order during the swing, starting with the lower body followed by the upper body muscles. This study was the first to report the recruitment order during the baseball swing. Although acute exposure to WBV did not significantly alter the muscle recruitment, these results may prove useful for practitioners looking to enhance baseball swing performance.  相似文献   

18.
This study compared the effects of six warm-up modalities on peak power output (PPO) during the high-pull exercise. Nine resistance-trained males completed six trials using different warm-ups: high-pull specific (HPS), cycle, whole body vibration (WBV), cycle+HPS, WBV+HPS and a control. Intramuscular temperature (Tm) was increased by 2°C using WBV or cycling. PPO, Tm and electromyography (EMG) were recorded during each trial. Two high-pulls were performed prior to and 3 min after participants completed the warm-up. The greatest increase in PPO occurred with HPS (232.8 ± 89.7 W, P < 0.001); however, this was not different to combined warm-ups (cycle+HPS 158.6 ± 121.1 W; WBV+HPS 177.3 ± 93.3 W, P = 1.00). These modalities increased PPO to a greater extent than those that did not involve HPS (all P < 0.05). HPS took the shortest time to complete, compared to the other conditions (P < 0.05). EMG did not differ from pre to post warm-up or between modalities in any of the muscles investigated. No change in Tm occurred in warm-ups that did not include cycling or WBV. These results suggest that a movement-specific warm-up improves performance more than temperature-related warm-ups. Therefore, mechanisms other than increased muscle temperature and activation may be important for improving short-term PPO.  相似文献   

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