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冰冻圈与人类社会(人类圈)息息相关,随着全球变暖和冰冻圈普遍退缩,冰冻圈对人类社会的致利和致灾效应均在发生深刻的变化:一方面,冰冻圈灾害以频发的极端事件加剧呈现;另一方面,冰冻圈服务能力整体将不断减弱乃至丧失。文章在介绍冰冻圈核心区及其主要影响区域的人文社会特征基础上,对冰冻圈功能与服务及其价值理论进行论述,并以全球高山"水塔"的重要性和极地系统变化为例阐述冰冻圈功能和服务变化及其影响,最后进一步讨论了提升冰冻圈影响区社会生态-系统恢复力的路径。 相似文献
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减轻灾害带给人们的心理创伤,实现灾后心理康复是灾害心理学的使命。研究者们通过大规模流行病调查,确证了灾后心理创伤发生的广泛性。近10年来,在灾后心理创伤的诊断模型、脑与认知功能缺陷、神经生物学变化以及干预方法和效果等方面已取得重要进展。我国是灾害多发国家,灾害与心理创伤的研究将会有力提升全民预防和应对灾害的能力,因此,应在国家重大科技计划中部署灾害与心理创伤研究,通过凝练创伤应激反应的基础科学问题,推进灾害心理学学科建设,培养心理援助专业人才,以应对我国灾难发生后巨大的心理援助需求,也为制定灾害心理援助和灾后心理重建政策提供科学支撑,并带动我国社会生活中系列心理疾患问题的解决。 相似文献
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图书馆如何应对地震等自然灾害——论汶川大地震带给图书馆人的思考 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文结合汶川地震,阐明了目前人类所面临灾害的严峻现实,提出了作为科学文化教育基地的图书馆,应当承担起防灾减灾--这一重要的科普教育职责,提高全社会认知灾害的意识和能力,增强自身及广大市民在灾害发生时的应对能力.本文就图书馆自身如何提高防灾减灾能力及提高全社套的防灾减灾能力进行了三点思考. 相似文献
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当今社会,人类不断提升利用生物技术的能力,并积极的将已经被掌握了的生物技术渗透于社会生活的各个领域,为人类解决生存与健康、食品短缺、资源和能源匮乏、环境污染等重大问题。生物技术的研发和使用催化了人类生活的变革,正在颠覆人类既有的社会生活的传统观念和方式。 相似文献
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自古以来,自然灾害一直侵扰着人类的生存,给人类社会造成了重大的人员伤亡、财产损失和精神折磨。随着人类对自然界的改变越多,大型的自然灾害在我们身边发生的机率也越大,从而在地理教育中渗透灾情教育成为一种必然。学生了解灾害,才能更好地在灾害面前保护自己。本文结合初中地理教学内容和初中生实际阐述灾情教育的重要性。 相似文献
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论我国政府对自然灾害的应急管理 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
我国政府应当在重大自然灾害中提升其应急管理能力与水平,发挥更为积极的职责与作用:建立专门的自然灾害应急管理机构;加强灾害管理法制建设和健全减灾计划管理制度;建立全国统一的灾害信息系统;建立政府应急管理的财政保障体系;广泛动员社会力量,争取社会对减灾的支持与参与;加强政府自然灾害应急管理的机制建设。 相似文献
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气象灾害指的是对人类的生活和生产造成不利影响的,对社会的经济发展造成严重后果的损失,气象灾害时自然灾害中常见的一种破坏力最大、发生频率最多、造成的损失最严重的灾害,也是影响人类经济发展和社会进步的主要原因之一。我国近年来发生的气象灾害占自然灾害的四分之三以上,随着我国经济的高速发展,因为气象灾害引起的经济损失也越来越巨大,严重制约着人类的生存和生产。所以,对气象灾害的地理特征充分了解,掌握自然灾害发生的规律,做好灾害的预防工作对电网的运行有重要的作用。 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way - at least in theory - to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms' spin states 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):23-23
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics and coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way --at least in theory --to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams and is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect, whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms＇ spin states （Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 130403）. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3):212-213
<正>In February 2014,the 30th Chinese Antarctic inland expedition team reported that they have successfully conducted the seeing measurement at the Antarctic Taishan Station using a Differential Image Motion Monitor(DIMM)developed by the Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optic and Technology(NIAOT),Chinese Academy of Sciences.In astronomy,seeing is a physical parameter that describes the irregular movement and blur of the star 相似文献
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XIN Ling 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(4):270-271
Amassive overhaul is coming to the Chinese Academy of Sciences （CAS）. To straighten its ＂fragmented, inefficient research＂, the academy has decided to restructure its 104 institutes for better teamwork. 相似文献
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SONG Jianlan 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(4)
<正>DNA demethylation in mammalian zygotes,a biochemical process through which the parental genomes let go the epigenetic marks from their"past lives"to obtain totipotency,has long fascinated biologists:how does it happen?A joint team at the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences tells a surprising story. 相似文献
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China is one of the fastest growing economies worldwide. Are science and research also in the fast lane? We talked with LUO Yuan, scientist at the Institute of Coal Chemistry in Shanxi, and Axel Mosig, Professor at Ruhr University in Bochum, who has first-hand experience working and living in China. 相似文献
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Joachim Trümper 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(2):201-201
<正>"In 1979 two Chinese scientists joined our institute in the framework of the historical CAS-MPG agreement.This marked the beginning of a longstanding fruitful collaboration.Many visitors followed and contributed to our scientific programs.–My first visit to China took place in 1981–with stays at CAS institutes in Bejing,Nanjing,Shanghai and Kunming,where I received unforgettable impressions of 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>May 15,2014Publicly funded scientific research is an important means for the society to create knowledge,support innovation,and promote growth.Research articles from such research are knowledge resources to be shared by all.Their open access will facilitate the dissemination and utilization of knowledge,turn the knowledge produced by public investment effectively into innovation and development capabilities of the society,ensure that public knowledge benefi ts all,and strengthen the innovation driven development strategy.Therefore,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)issues at the present stage the following open access policy for articles from publicly funded scientifi c research projects:CAS requires its researchers and graduate students to 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>Between February and March of 2013,the source of avian-origin H7N9 human infection was discovered in Shanghai and Anhui,China.Prior to this,H7N9 has only exhibited characteristics of a low pathogenic avian infl uenza virus,carried by chickens with no known cross-species transmission.By the end of August 2013,Chinese mainland reported a total of 134 confi rmed cases of H7N9 human infections across12 provinces and 42 cities,resulting in 45 deaths.In October and November,Zhejiang Province found three new cases and Guangdong found one case of human infection,suggesting the possibility of a comeback in the fall and winter seasons.Researchers led by Prof.GAO Fu(George Fu Gao)at the Institute of Microbiology,CAS and Beijing Institutes of Life Science,have made progress on understanding 相似文献