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目前我国科研活动中“信用缺失”的现象较为严重,直接影响到科研体系的完善和资源配置效率。文章阐述了科研管理信用制度的适用对象、信用要素与管理环节,还对科研活动中涉及信用管理的环节进行了分析。在问题分析的基础上,对科研信用制度所遵循的原则提出一些建议。 相似文献
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科研诚信是科研活动中必须遵循的基本伦理道德和行为规范。目前我国高校的科研活动存在着种种问题,论文剽窃、经费弄虚作假、成果评选潜规则等学术不端行为时有发生,而导致这些现象出现的一个原因就是现行学术评价制度的不完善。该文分析了现行学术评价制度的特点,认为它在一定程度上引发了科研人员急功近利的心态,催生了学术不端行为,并此基础上提出了应健全学术评价的评价机构和制度体系,淡化科研评价激励约束功能,从而促进高校科研诚信建设。 相似文献
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科研诚信是科研主体从事科研活动应该遵守的基本价值。科研不端行为破坏科研活动秩序,削弱科研创新能力,造成国家竞争力下降。建立并完善以道德自律和法律他律互动的科研诚信制度体系,规范科研活动,润育健康的科研环境势在必行。 相似文献
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科学研究是高校的一项重要任务，高校的科研管理作为科研活动的重要组成分，其管理效果越来越受到重视，高校的科研管理机制创新对高校科研工作及整个高校的发展具有十分重要的作用。本文从高校科研管理的观念创新、组织体制创新、评价与激励机制创新、管理方法创新以及加强科研管理队伍建设等方面探讨了推进高校科研管理机制创新的思路与对策。 相似文献
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高校教师科研绩效评价需要建立相应评价体系,以规范评价对象的行为方式。本文结合工作实际,提出高校教师科研绩效评价体系构建的一些初步设想. 相似文献
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科研产品政府供给问题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从社会经济活动的角度来看，科研成果可以称之为科研产品。科研产品在供给上的非竞争性比较明显，在消费或使用过程中的排他性程度与它在科研活动所处的阶段有关。科学知识、技术发明、可以商业化的技术或知识分别是不同科研活动所产生的科研产品，由于它们的排他性强度不同，政府对它们的投入比例应该有所不同。WTO关于政府对科研活动补贴的规定也反映了科研产品的竞争性与排他性是决定政府投入比例的重要因素。 相似文献
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行为科学的实践证明，需要产生动机，动机激励行为；科研人员从事科研工作的积极性是地方高校开展科研活动的基础，科研激励机制是调动教职工从事科研积极性的必要手段。本文利用现代管理理论和心理学原理。分析了地方高校科研激励机制的途径，并结合我们的实践对地方高校科研激励的方法进行了探讨。 相似文献
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高等职业学院是我国高等学校的重要组成部分，近年来得到了长足的发展。然而其科研活动却大多处于起步阶段，同科研型大学及教学科研型大学的科研管理模式不同，高职学院的科研管理有其自身的特点，如何培育、管理高职学院的科研活动是每个职业学院都面临的问题。本文根据高职学院科研管理的特点，结合我院科研管理的实践，对高职学院科研管理的模式进行了分析探讨。 相似文献
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目前农村教师教育科研能力的状况是：（1）科研意识不强;（2）信息闭塞,教育科研活动滞后;（3）教育科研自身特点与农村教师当前工作状况反差大。如何提高农村教师的教育科研能力呢？首先要大力营造氛围,要多方宣传、提高意识;其次要内外结合、获得方法;最后要加强管理、强化行为。 相似文献
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Intersample optimization in a sampled-data control system using the redundancy of a dual-rate system
The present study discusses the design method for controlling a single-input/single-output linear time-invariant dual-rate system, where the sampling interval of the plant output is longer than the holding interval of the control input. In such a dual-rate system, the intersample output might oscillate even when the sampled output converges to the reference input in the steady state. In a conventional ripple-free method, an existing control law is extended by introducing an exogenous variable, which is independent of the discrete-time sampled response, and the exogenous variable is designed for eliminating the steady-state intersample ripples without changing the existing sampled response. In another method, since a control law is designed such that the intersample performance is optimized, the intersample ripples are eliminated in the transient as well as steady states. However, the preservation of an existing sampled response is not taken into account. The present study proposes a new design method for eliminating the intersample ripples subject to the existing sampled response. In the proposed method, the continuous-time index is optimized subject to the existing discrete-time response. As a result, the intersample ripples are eliminated in the transient as well as steady states, and the existing discrete-time sampled response is maintained. The proposed method is compared to the conventional dual-rate design methods in numerical examples, and the effectiveness of the method is demonstrated. 相似文献
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可持续消费体系的构建 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
易磊 《科学对社会的影响》2010,(2):34-37
可持续消费是近年来国内外理论界研究的热点，本文从可持续消费的涵义、原则、核心理念及可持续消费行为研究等方面对已有文献进行回顾，并对其现状进行了分析，在此基础上对今后我国开展可持续消费研究和如何构建可持续消费体系进行了探讨。 相似文献
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Recently, series elasticity has been realized using pneumatics in human-robot interaction systems. Pneumatic circuits provide not only a flexible power transmission, but also the elastic element in a series elastic actuator (SEA). Pneumatic series elastic systems involve more than twice the number of parameters that influence system behaviors in comparison with rigid robotic systems. In this study, a position controller that eliminates the need of identifying a system model by employing the time delay estimation (TDE) technique is proposed for pneumatic SEA systems. The TDE technique is effective in compensating for system dynamics and all uncertainties involved in system behaviors without imposing computation load. TDE error is cancelled out through a learning way, which improves control performance and leads to asymptotic stability. A simulation study demonstrates the robustness of the proposed controllers against uncertainties imposed on the motor system as well as uncertainties on the end-effector. The simulation shows the efficacy of the learning compensation for TDE error. 相似文献
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Koksal Erenturk 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2010,347(7):1171-1185
This study presents application of a fuzzy controller to a nonlinear two-mass system control. The proposed controller structure is strengthened with a gray estimator. Firstly, a complete state-space mathematical model for a nonlinear two-mass system is developed and numerically simulated. Then, a fuzzy controller is designed to regulate the speed of the system. In order to perform a dynamic and powerful control action, future error values are estimated by gray modeling technique. The gray estimators of the torsional torque and the load machine speed are tested with open-loop and closed-loop control structures to test the robustness of the proposed method for step changes in input parameters. It is observed that the tracking ability of the gray estimators is not influenced for different operation modes. The performances of the control structures, which are supported with gray estimators, are given and no additional feedbacks are required for robust control action. The simulation results are confirmed by experimental results and conclusions are given. 相似文献
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In this paper, we will consider how to stabilize a mathematical model, the Kolmogorov model, of the interactions of an n species population. The Lotka–Volterra model is a particular case of the more general Kolmogorov model. We first identify the unstable steady states of the model, then we use the feedback control based on the solutions of the Riccati equation to stabilize the linearized system. Finally we stabilize the nonlinear system by using the feedback controller obtained in the stabilization of the linearized system. We introduce the backward Euler method to approximate the feedback control nonlinear system and obtain the error estimates. Four numerical examples are given which come from the application areas. 相似文献
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《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1944,238(6):462-465
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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The atomic force microscope system (AFM) has become a popular and useful instrument to measure the intermolecular forces with atomic resolution that can be applied in electronics, biological analysis, materials, semiconductors, etc. This paper studies the bifurcation phenomenon and complex nonlinear dynamic behavior of the probe tip between the sample and microcantilever of an atomic force microscope using the differential transformation method. The dynamic behavior of the probe tip is characterized with reference to bifurcation diagrams, phase portraits, power spectra, Poincaré maps, and maximum Lyapunov exponent plots produced using the time-series data obtained from differential transformation method. The results indicate that the probe tip behavior is significantly dependent on the magnitude of the vibrational amplitude. Specifically, the probe tip motion changes from T-periodic to 3T-periodic, then from 6T-periodic to multi-periodic, and finally to chaotic motion with windows of periodic motion as the vibrational amplitude is increased from 0 to 5.0. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the differential transformation method is in good agreement for the considered system. 相似文献