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集成供应链视角下农产品质量安全全过程监管体系构建 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《中国科技论坛》2019,(8)
本文明确了集成供应链视角下区块链嵌入的农产品质量安全全过程监管体系内涵,确定了监管主体及对象,在集成供应链内外部嵌入公有链、联盟链、私有链,深入探究区块链嵌入后农产品质量安全监管中的产品、信息及利益的动态循环,最终形成农产品质量安全全过程监管体系。研究结果表明,利用区块链技术能够实现集成供应链中各参与主体达成共识并保护其隐私,进一步实现农产品质量溯源并满足不同主体的利益诉求。将区块链技术嵌入农产品质量安全全过程监管体系中能够有效减少质量安全隐患,提升消费者信心。 相似文献
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【目的/意义】随着信息技术以及网络技术的发展,电子档案成为档案的重要存在形式,网络环境中的电子档案的信任保障机制构建则成为电子档案价值实现的基础,区块链是近几年发展起来的解决可追溯问题的技术体系,因此本文的研究具有理论和实践意义。【方法/过程】对区块链的结构及其特点进行介绍,对区块链的应用研究发展进行分析,构建了基于区块链的电子档案信任保障体系,对这一保障体系的特点及其运行过程进行描述,构建了基于区块链的电子档案运行的共识认证机制。【结果/结论】本文的研究为电子档案信任保障体系的构建提供了基于区块链的架构和思想方法,在不改变电子档案运行基本流程的基础上提出了基于区块链的电子档案信任保障的实现过程。 相似文献
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随着人们健康意识的不断增强,药品的终端需求不断增加,促使我国医药市场规模持续扩大,但由于药品追溯体系不健全,导致兜售假药、问题疫苗等事件时有发生,直接危害人们的身体健康。为加快构建药品追溯体系,维护药品监督管理秩序,规范医药企业行为,在技术理论研究的基础上,结合当前我国药品追溯体系现实存在的问题,认为将区块链技术应用于药品追溯体系具有较高的可行性,并从参与对象、体系架构和运作流程3个维度构建基于区块链技术的药品追溯体系,从国家政府、社会企业和消费者3个层面探讨该新型体系的具体实现路径,以期为未来我国实现药品"可溯源、知去向、易追责",为医药行业持续健康发展提供理论基础。 相似文献
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近年来，我国开始着手健全企业负责、政府监管、社会监督的工程质量安全保障体系，但建筑工程质量治理主体之间存在信息不对称且缺乏信任，未能实现高效协同，而运用区块链技术有助于提升各主体之间的信息透明度、重塑信任，加速协同治理局面的形成。鉴于此，构建区块链平台上政府、建筑企业和公众建筑工程质量协同治理演化博弈模型并进行稳定性分析，结合系统动力学探讨不同因素对协同治理系统的影响。结果表明，区块链平台建设成本与建筑企业“上链”时的损失不利于协同治理；监管效用系数、质量安全收益提升系数和建筑产品增值系数对协同治理有正向促进作用，且建筑产品增值系数是应聚焦的关键因素。因此，要推动和加强建筑工程质量协同治理，建筑企业要加强区块链技术使用，政府和公众应充分发挥监管与监督作用。 相似文献
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构建农产品质量安全追溯体系是保障食品安全的有效手段,也有利于促进我国农产品市场高质量发展。目前,我国农产品质量追溯体系由国家平台和地方平台共同构成。国家追溯平台主要负责采集主体信息、产品批次信息和流向信息(外部追溯),省级平台负责采集生产过程信息(内部追溯),二者有机结合,互为补充。 相似文献
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本文试图从碳中和债与区块链技术相结合的角度出发,运用文献回顾、横纵向对比等方法,探索与研究区块链技术在碳中和债中的可能应用.结果表明:分布式账本便于发债主体、监管机构等主体查看与管理碳中和债发行全过程的信息记录;非对称加密的运用使得记录在区块中的信息难以被篡改,可以降低碳中和债的信任成本;共识机制通过对区块内容的验证与确认,可以保证区块内信息的准确性与可靠性,有助于提高碳中和债的公信力;智能合约通过设定代码来使电脑准确执行合同内容,有助于保障碳中和债信息披露的完整性与透明度.因此,区块链技术有助于加强对碳中和债的监管,降低碳中和债的信任成本,提高碳中和债的公信力和信息透明度. 相似文献
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德国有机农业监管有完整严密的法律体系,有健全的政府监管机构和严厉的市场监管措施,而我国有机农业正处在起步阶段,需要政府对有机农业的生产、认证与市场流通各环节建立有效的监管体系,促进有机农业产业健康发展. 相似文献
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Food safety is a public health issue of paramount importance. In this regard, blockchain has emerged as a promising technology that allows users to effectively and efficiently record the origin and flow of products and eliminate or reduce harmful food fraud. Consumers can benefit from this development by receiving up-to-date and verifiable information about the origins and delivery routes of their purchases. Drawing on signaling theory and the results of two experimental studies with 151 and 152 participants, respectively, we investigate how the use of blockchain to trace food products impacts consumers’ perception of product quality as a mediating variable and subsequently their purchase intention. Our framework further considers brand familiarity as a moderating variable. The findings from the two experiments show that blockchain labels as a signaling mechanism in food supply chains help to strengthen consumers’ perceived quality of food products, which, in turn, increases their purchase intention. This effect is more pronounced for less familiar brands, which is valuable information for managers who want to build a brand’s reputation. From an academic perspective, we highlight the applicability of signaling theory to identify blockchain-based traceability systems as important drivers of perceived product quality and consequently purchase intention. 相似文献
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通过研究区块链与制造业产能共享在目标、主体和基本条件3个维度上的耦合,结合区块链智能合约和共识机制等特点,提出一种基于区块链的制造业产能共享模式,以提高共享行为的可追溯性,实现制造业产能价值的有效传递,从而更好地促进制造业协同发展。 相似文献
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Traceability of ingredients in food supply chains has become paramount in a world in which markets become global, heterogeneous, and complex and in which consumers expect a high level of quality. The food supply chain consists of many organizations having different interests and are often reluctant to share traceability information with each other. Blockchain has been advocated for improving traceability by providing trust. Yet, practice proved to be more stubborn. The goal of this paper is to identify boundary conditions for sharing assurance information to improve traceability. Four cases in the food supply chain have been investigated using a template analysis of 16 interviews. Eighteen boundary conditions categorized in business, regulation, quality and traceability categories have been identified. Some boundary conditions were found in all supply chains, whereas others were found to be supply chain specific. Standardization of traceability processes and interfaces, having a joint platform and independent governance were found to be key boundary conditions before blockchain can be used. Our findings imply that supply chain systems have first to be modified and organizational measures need to be taken to fulfill the boundary conditions, before blockchain can be used successfully. 相似文献
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我国食品安全监管协调机制的现状与完善 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
夏黑讯 《科学．经济．社会》2010,28(3):133-137
分工是引发部门间协调的根本原因。在食品安全的监管上,由于我国采取＂分段监管为主、品种监管为辅＂监管体制,使得各食品安全监管部门之间在实践中缺乏有效协调,难以形成合力,而且各监管协调模式之间相对较为离散,缺乏相对统一的规范性依据,无法形成统一的有机的监管协调机制。为了有效地保障食品质量安全,提高监管效率,维护广大消费者利益,我国应当从协调模式的选择和协调目标、协调规则、信息获取与沟通以及激励惩慑机制的完善等方面确立和完善符合我国实际需要的食品安全监管协调机制。 相似文献
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This paper aims to explain the implementation of blockchain technology in the production and supply chain delivery system for eggs from farm to consumer by a company based in the Midwestern USA. One of the primary research questions answered is how blockchain can be utilized and applied to more accurately and transparently move goods through global supply chains. This company is at the forefront of developing such systems for use in industry, and a use case for egg distribution is detailed. The goal is to track products from farm to fork using blockchain and internet of things (IoT) enabled technologies. By creating traceable and transparent supply chains for food, consumers can attain the information they need to make informed choices about the food they buy and the companies they support. For stakeholders in the food supply chain, having traceability and transparency builds better relationships with their customers, increases efficiency, and reduces the risk and cost of food recalls, fraud, and product loss. The blockchain technology and this business are creating a case for fixing and transforming the world’s food system. 相似文献
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【目的/意义】构建基于区块链技术的供应链信息资源共享模型,突破供应链交易过程中存在的信息不对
称瓶颈,实现去中介的互信交易。【方法/过程】基于区块链的智能合约、分布式账本、共识机制等技术提出供应链信
息资源共享模型。采用设计科学研究理论,基于区块链技术对信息资源共享平台系统原型进行了深入探讨。【结
果/结论】深化区块链技术在供应链管理领域的实践应用,提供了一个弹性、可移植的多方共享并参与维护的信息
资源共享平台,供应链企业通过信息资源共享平台有效减少信息不对称,提高供应链运行效率。【创新/局限】将区
块链技术和供应链相结合,深化了区块链理论在供应链管理领域的应用。拥堵问题可能导致本系统的效率较低,
第三方信息交易平台同系统的接口还需要进一步完善。 相似文献
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Immunization is an indispensable mechanism for preventing infectious diseases in modern society, and vaccine safety is closely related to public health and national security. However, issues such as vaccine expiration and vaccine record fraud are still widespread in vaccine supply chains. Therefore, an effective management system for the supervision of vaccine supply chains is urgently required. As the next generation of core technology after the Internet, blockchain is designed to build trust mechanisms that can change current information management methods. Meanwhile, the development of machine learning technologies provides additional ways to analyze the data in information management systems. The main objective of this study is to develop a “vaccine blockchain” system based on blockchain and machine learning technologies. This vaccine blockchain system is designed to support vaccine traceability and smart contract functions, and can be used to address the problems of vaccine expiration and vaccine record fraud. Additionally, the use of machine learning models can provide valuable recommendations to immunization practitioners and recipients, allowing them to choose better immunization methods and vaccines. 相似文献
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区块联盟链视角下产学研信息平台框架构建研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的/意义]将区块联盟链引入到产学研信息平台进行数据管理，旨在依托分布式存储、非对称加密等技术打破产学研参与方之间的信息壁垒，提升产学研数据的安全性和可追溯性，高效解决产学研联盟的信息处理难题。[方法/过程]结合区块链技术对产学研信息平台进行需求分析，提出了联盟链产学研信息平台的框架构建，并在此基础上剖析了产学研信息平台的运行机理及数据处理流程，利用系统动力学阐述了产学研信息平台的运行动力。[结果/结论]研究成果归纳了4种联盟链产学研信息平台的应用场景，提出的发展建议与相关对策为区块联盟链视角下产学研信息平台的建设与应用提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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广东人口众多,食用农产品消费量和流通量巨大,同时还承担着我国港澳地区鲜活农产品的主要供给。农产品质量安全不仅影响消费者健康及社会和谐稳定,还关系到农业产业发展。建立追溯体系是保障农产品质量安全的重要手段。从技术创新、行业应用、区域推动等层面梳理广东农产品质量安全溯源领域的成就和面临的主要问题,在此基础上构建农产品质量安全追溯的关键技术体系,提出种植类和养殖类产品追溯的解决方案,并对如何全面推进广东农产品安全追溯体系建设提出完善标准化体系、解决农产品追溯信息断层问题、加强诚信建设及电商发展、倒逼农产品追溯市场化机制形成,以及建立跨部门、跨区域的农产品质量安全追溯信息管理平台等对策建议。 相似文献