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Grazia D. Santangelo 《Research Policy》2000,29(9)
In the era of “alliance capitalism”, the increasing number of strategic technological partnerships (STPs) has been mainly recorded in the science-based fields, of which information and communications technology (ICT) is a leading sector. The establishment of STPs has also characterised the European ICT industry. The growing technological interrelatedness and the need to acquire capabilities in related fields have been identified in the literature as major explanations for the increase in corporate technological co-operation. This paper investigates the role of corporate technological specialisation factors in the conclusion of STPs in the European ICT industry by carrying out a dynamic analysis. Accordingly, the patterns followed by corporate technological partnerships in the industry in question are investigated since the late 1970s. Based on US patent data granted to the world's largest firms as well as STPs data, the results of the econometric analysis are consistent with the view that the more similar partners' technological portfolios are with one another, the easier it is to absorb each other's capabilities. 相似文献
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《Research Policy》2022,51(5):104509
In the global open innovation environment, one of the main characteristics of the knowledge-based economy is to pay more attention to the importance of global knowledge flows. This paper investigates global knowledge flows from the perspective of patent transfers, which can not only reflect the patents' economic value but also explore explicit and tacit knowledge flows comprehensively. This paper begins with the premise that global knowledge flows include the internal absorption of knowledge (IAK), knowledge outflows (KOFs) and knowledge inflows (KIFs) based on a dataset derived from United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) during 2002 and 2016. Then, a global knowledge flow network is constructed by integrating patent transfer analysis and social network analysis. Our results show that more and more inventors and assignees are involved in the global knowledge flow network, China and India's ranking in the list of knowledge creators and users rises rapidly, cross-border knowledge flows will become a new trend; the rapid development of G06F (electric digital data processing), H04L (transmission of digital information) and other technological fields has accelerated the global knowledge flows; at present, the United States is the largest net knowledge inflow participant, the United Kingdom is the largest net knowledge outflow participant; the characteristics of a small-world effect in the cross-border knowledge flow network composed of 35 major participants become increasingly obvious. Our findings have clear policy implications. Establishing a global knowledge flow network is needed in order to promote global knowledge transfers, absorption and sharing. 相似文献
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技术融合已成为推动新兴产业涌现、助力产业结构升级的重要力量。采用技术领域融合力分析指数和社群聚类分析方法,对电子信息、汽车、装备制造产业技术融合的动态演化路径进行了对比分析。基于1985-2014年三大产业200万专利数据的研究发现：三大产业的技术融合具有明显的“偏好链接”特征,形成少数具有超强架构型融合力和局域型融合力的技术领域;早期的技术融合表现为一系列分散式的、小规模的多技术领域交叉渗透,但随后阶段则表现为明星技术领域社群的快速生长,以及它们之间的交叉渗透;电子信息产业相对于装备制造产业、汽车产业具有更强的偏态分布特征,催生更加少数具有核心地位的基础架构型技术领域和明星技术领域社群。 相似文献
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本文构建了集成创新的过程模式,并以这个模式为基础,提出专利情报在各个阶段的应用措施,具体包括:分析技术发展趋势确保企业选择了正确的创新方向,达到战略集成;建立相关专利数据库、分析专利引文,促进企业知识集成;分析专利技术领域,并查阅、参考相关的专利说明书中的产品规格和技术标准,提高企业技术集成;通过专利分析识别竞争对手、了解竞争对手的技术构成及其实力,辅助企业制定创新产品的商业化策略;通过专利分析寻找合适的合作伙伴、发现重要客户或供应商,加强组织间的交流与合作,实现组织集成。专利情报不仅可以为企业提供重要的技术信息,而且还能提供法律和经济方面的信息,是企业集成创新的利器。 相似文献
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借助ISS信息检索和分析平台,对德温特数据库的医疗健康与人工智能领域的专利信息进行综合分析,梳理1963-2020年间相关领域专利的演进,对专利申请国分布及其所聚焦的研究热点、技术点进行探查分析。较为清晰地判定出全球人工智能技术在医疗健康领域专利数加速攀升,热点领域以专门用于处置或处理医疗或健康数据的信息和通信技术类居多,研发主体以国际医疗器械、信息科技公司为核心研发梯队,推测医疗产业市场经济驱动是专利增长的重要因素;相比较国际专利现状,我国相关企业在申请数量上正赶超美、日、欧公司,研发活力最强,而科研机构从业人员与专利激励政策的作用不显著。 相似文献
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以数据驱动环境下的科技信息知识服务研究模式变革为出发点，提出融合科技数据资源治理大中台与知识服务小前台的敏捷化大数据建设思路和整体框架，以能源科技知识服务平台建设为示范，初步形成能源科技知识服务态势感知环境，为开展支撑决策的科技信息知识服务提供有效支撑。通过科技信息数据中台建设对能源科技大数据资源体系进行有效治理，结合敏捷化微服务应用技术快速构建丰富化平台服务功能，有效形成各类以用户情景为导向的能源科技知识服务产品体系。敏捷化大数据应用于科技信息知识服务平台建设是数据驱动环境下的一次探索，为科技信息知识服务创新和迭代赋能提供参考。 相似文献
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《Research Policy》2023,52(2):104661
Using patent data for a panel sample of European companies between 1995 and 2016 we explore whether the inventive success in Artificial Intelligence (AI) is related to earlier firms’ innovation in the area of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), and identify which company characteristics and external factors shape this performance. We show that AI innovation presents strong dynamic returns (learning effects) and benefits from complementaries with knowledge earlier developed in the area of network and communication technologies, high-speed computing and data analysis, and more recently cognition and imaging. AI patent productivity increases with the scale of firm innovation, and is lower for companies with narrow technological competences. There is evidence of knowledge spillovers from ICT innovators to AI innovators, but this effect is confined to the frontier firms of the new technological field. Our findings suggest that, with the take-off of the new technology, the technological lead of top AI innovators has increased due to the accumulation of internal competences and the expanding knowledge base. These trends help explain the concentration process of the world’s data market. 相似文献
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This paper studies the patterns of innovation in the ICT field using patents and patent citations. It provides an original methodology to identify ICT applications using patent abstracts and selecting the most frequent sequential triples of words without any a priori selection of keywords. This paper shows that the set of IPC classes related to ICT is broader than the one usually considered.Moreover, our results show that ICT applications can be distinguished into two main groups in terms of growth and structure of innovative activities, technological pervasiveness, and knowledge sources. High opportunity ICT applications are characterised by high growth of patenting activity, high rate of entry of new innovators and high concentration of technological activity across firms. They also display a diversified knowledge base in terms of technological domains and actors involved. Conversely, low opportunity ICT applications are characterised by a lower growth and by a lower concentration of innovative activities across firms, as well as by a lower rate of entry of new innovators. Innovations in these ICT applications show less diversified knowledge sources and a higher degree of internal knowledge base. 相似文献
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The role of corporate technology strategy and patent portfolios in low-, medium- and high-technology firms 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Ulrich Lichtenthaler 《Research Policy》2009,38(3):559-569
Previous research into technology strategies and patent portfolios has focused on high-technology firms, whereas low- and medium-technology companies have been relatively neglected. Therefore, we analyze how corporate technology strategy and the size and composition of patent portfolios affect the performance of low-, medium- and high-technology firms. Data from 136 European companies are used to examine four hypotheses relating financial performance to technological diversification, technological aggressiveness, patent portfolio size, and patent portfolio quality. The cross-industry sample allows analyzing the different consequences of these strategic parameters in low-, medium- and high-technology firms by considering technological intensity as a moderator. Our first finding is that the positive impact of technological aggressiveness is limited in low- and medium-technology companies. Secondly, technological diversification has a positive effect in high-technology firms and a negative effect in low-technology firms. Thirdly, patent portfolio size has a positive effect only in high-technology firms. Finally, patent portfolio quality has an equally positive influence on all firms’ performance. In part, these results conflict with the findings of previous research into high-technology companies, and they call for rethinking the role of technology strategies and intellectual property portfolios in firms across industries. 相似文献
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本文以2002-2016年间的学术文献和专利两种数据源为基础，利用社会网络分析法从论文作者所属机构与专利权人、作者与发明人、学科与技术领域等多维视角，对全球云计算基础研究与应用研究的创新合作网络进行数据挖掘和对比分析。研究发现：云计算论文作者及所属机构间的合作更普遍；专利权人合作网络呈现分散的小网络特点，专利发明人合作关系更密切且群体性更强；云计算的基础学科是计算机理论与方法、电气与电子工程和计算机信息系统，而核心技术是数字计算机和电话与数据传输系统。基于研究结果，提出建立基础创新与应用创新的对接和融合，利用合作网络分析发掘重要的创新竞合对象，精准定位领军人才和创新群体，构建学科知识体系等促进中国云计算协同创新与产教融合的启示和建议。 相似文献
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企业创新的外部联系制度的组织与演变——来自英国企业的实证研究/FONT 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文着重研究企业获取与技术创新相关的知识和信息的外部联系制度。以创新系统理论和技术/产品生命周期理论为出发点,研究随着技术/产品生命周期的变化,工业企业创新的外部联系制度所发生的变化。对英国中部的处于技术/产品生命周期的成长期的信息/电子企业以及处于成熟期的汽车制造/工程企业进行了比较研究,发现它们创新的外部联系制度的组织和构成发生了显著变化,如处于成长期的企业对创新的外部联系制度的依赖更大,发生联系的外部知识/信息源的种类更多样化等。同时,两类企业在联系方式、特点以及获取知识的用途等方面也具备一些相似性。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Information Management》2017,37(2):75-83
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has been applied increasingly in supporting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention and treatment. The technological advances have extended to the field of HIV self-management. The objectives of this paper are to examine the design and use of ICTs in HIV self-management programs, to identify the knowledge gaps in existing practice, and to provide recommendations for future research and program development. A systematic review was conducted to search all English literature published prior to August 2016 in six electronic databases. The inclusion criteria also included either quantitative or qualitative assessments of HIV self-management programs that utilized at least one ICT platform in the program protocol. The search identified six studies conducted in Australia and the United States. The studies were diverse in sample size and enrollment criteria of study population. The major functionalities of ICT platforms (mobile phones and websites) included delivering information modules, sending medication reminders, supporting self-monitoring for medical adherence and risk behavior reduction, enhancing communication among participants, and providing easy access to HIV self-management information. The major challenges faced by self-management programs utilizing ICTs were lack of interaction and concern of privacy. The HIV self-management programs that employed ICT platforms were limited in number and geographic coverage. Most of the programs were also tested at an initial stage with small size samples and minimum technical innovation. The lack of explicit guiding theories and models on information behavior or technology use was observed in all studies. Use of ICTs in HIV self-management interventions is an emerging field. Future research would benefit from paying more attention to technical innovation and interactive features in applying ICT platform in self-management programs. The ICTs platforms, with increasing innovation in connecting people and places, can serve as a powerful tool to reduce the disparities in health care and health promotion. Future research is also needed to explore the feasibility of applying ICT platforms in self-management programs that serving populations from diverse socioeconomic background and in resource-poor settings. 相似文献
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William F. Birdsall 《Ethics and Information Technology》2011,13(2):93-106
The potential contributions information and communication technology (ICT) can make to advancing human capabilities are acknowledged by both the capability approach (CA) and ICT communities. However, there is a lack of genuine engagement between the two communities. This paper addresses the question: How can a collaborative dialogue between the CA and ICT communities be advanced? A prerequisite to exploring collaboratively the potential use of particular technologies with specific capabilities is a conceptual framework within which a dialogue can be undertaken to advance the operationalization of capabilities through the use of ICT. A communicative connection constituted of a dialogic space consisting of the CA and ICT communities and a set of normative values and objectives is proposed. The normative values of the communicative connection are derived from the human right to communicate (RTC) which serves as axiomatic principle of the communicative connection. The shared objectives are to operationalize through the use of ICT both the capability and the right to communicate, which are distinct but present in and reinforce each other. Alternative concepts of communication and freedom of expression to those held by the two communities is presented along with a comparison of the values embodied in the RTC and found in the CA. 相似文献
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Many eco-innovations have been linked to technical change in the ICT domain. Leveraging the distinctive features of general purpose technologies, ICT have the potential to steer green growth and to help decouple this growth from ecological damage. The paper aims to shed light on innovation dynamics in this emerging sector by investigating the patterns of innovation in the green ICT domains using granted EPO patent data from 1986 to 2006. By means of a network analysis, it identifies existing green ICT domains and examines the characteristics of innovative activity in these domains, focusing in particular on growth and technological pervasiveness, as well as on the variety of innovators. Results indicate that the innovative activity in green ICT domains is characterised by high growth and high levels of technological pervasiveness, considerable entry of new innovators and a variety of actors – with a prevalence of large ICT firms and universities. However, the analysis highlights the existence of three different clusters – emerging fields, established fields and mature fields – that are defined by different structures of innovative activities and by different technological opportunities. 相似文献
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随着科学社会的发展,多学科领域间不断发生知识流动,使得不同的技术发生融合。对其进行早期识别和探测,将有利于企业及时发现机会,并调整技术创新战略。现有的基于专利的技术融合测量及预测研究尚未形成一个完整的体系。针对此问题,提出一个测度技术融合的框架,该框架以专利数据为依据,从聚合性、耦合性、均衡性三个角度对其进行分析,全方位的分析了技术融合所形成的整体网络以及构成网络的各技术主体,最后对网络的均衡程度进行了研究。以德温特专利数据库中的纯电动汽车技术和信息技术的融合为实例对模型进行验证。最后根据三个维度可以筛选出在融合水平较高且融合范围较广的技术,以及相对较稳定的技术组合。相关企业和研发结构可以根据筛选出的最优技术或技术组合进行选择性研发,推动相关产业的融合升级。 相似文献