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Xiang A 《中国科技史料》1999,20(2):107-125
自1895年台湾沦为日本殖民地,到1945年台湾光复,共50年,其间,日本在台湾设立了大批农业科研机构,进行各种农业资源调查,农业试验研究等活动,直接为其殖民经统计服务。该文从农业科研机构,农事调开,品种改良,其他农事试验研究等方面,对其进行了择要论述。  相似文献   

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《Endeavour》1999,23(1):31-34
What sorts of public roles were open to scientists after World War II? Werner Heisenberg, 1932 Nobel laureate in physics, became a prominent figure on the West German public stage. His activity was not confined to science policy, but encompassed certain broader political interventions as well as a notable cultural presence. These postwar years offer interesting insights into Heisenberg as an individual, and his case provides a perspective on the character of scientists' public prominence.  相似文献   

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纳粹德国时期,威廉皇帝学会的人类学、人类遗传和优生学研究所的科学家们,尤其是两任所长,利用生物医学可能为纳粹政权的种族政策服务这一优势,与纳粹政权相互利用,形成了一种危险的共生合作关系,开展了一些臭名昭著的研究。这里面涉及到的科学与政治之间的复杂关系很值得现代的科学家和立法者们深思。  相似文献   

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In the fall of 1945, Secretary of Commerce Henry Wallace handpicked Edward Condon, a respected theoretical physicist, to become director of the National Bureau of Standards. Already regarded by many academic and industrial scientists as a second-rate research institution, the Bureau had deteriorated further during the Great Depression. An ardent New Dealer who favored government action to prevent anticompetitive behavior in the marketplace, Wallace claimed that giant corporations leveraged their extensive patent holdings and research capabilities to manipulate markets and restrict competition at the expense of smaller firms without similar resources. Through a revitalized Bureau of Standards, Wallace intended to mitigate monopolistic behavior among large companies by transforming the Department of Commerce into an effective clearinghouse for scientific research that would stimulate technological innovation in small businesses. The Bureau's postwar expansion, however, foundered on congressional efforts to dismantle the legacies of the New Deal, Condon's lack of commitment to the technical requirements of the small business community, and the intense competition for resources within an institutionally pluralist federal research establishment dominated by the exigencies of the Cold War. Without sufficient financial support from congressional appropriations committees, Condon turned to the military to fund new research programs at the Bureau of Standards. These programs, however, owed their institutional growth to the demands of the national security state, not to the fading influence of Henry Wallace's New Deal liberalism.  相似文献   

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