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1.
北京市科技投入与经济增长关联的实证分析   总被引:22,自引:8,他引:14  
本文运用灰色关联度方法,根据北京市1998-2003年的统计数据,分析了科技投入各个指标与北京市经济增长之间的关系。研究表明:R&D经费支出、科技人员投入和技术引进与经济增长均有正相关关系,而研发经费的投入对经济增长的影响更为显著,其中独立研究机构的研发经费投入作用最明显。  相似文献   

2.
基于灰色关联分析的甘肃科技投入与经济增长关系研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
对一个区域科技经济系统来讲,科技投入与经济增长之间存在着较强的相关关系。运用灰色关联度分析方法,依据甘肃省2000~2008年的统计数据,对科技投入各个指标与甘肃省经济增长之间的关系进行分析。研究表明:R&D经费支出、科技人员投入与经济增长均有正相关关系,而研发经费的投入对经济增长的影响更为显著,其中科研机构的研发经费投入作用最明显,根据以上结论提出了甘肃今后科技投入的对策。  相似文献   

3.
我国科技投入与产业经济增长的关联性研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
基于我国1996—2005年的科技投入和产业发展的经济统计数据,分析了我国科技投入情况,构建灰关联度模型,对我国科技投入与产业经济增长的关联性进行实证分析,用图形模拟方法予以佐证。采取关联度模型对我国几个有代表性的省市进行比较分析,得出结论:科技经费投入、科技活动人员投入对产业经济增长有显著作用;科技经费投入,尤其是R&D经费对高端制造业、服务业的投入效率更高,在我国这些产业集中的发达地区加大科技经费的投入更有效率,而科技活动人员的投入对以农业为主的第一产业的效率更高。提出我国不仅要加大科技投入,同时要以集约型方式来引导科技投入科学流向,提高科技投入效率。  相似文献   

4.
广东省科技投入与经济增长关联的实证分析   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
根据1995-2006年广东省的统计数据,对R&D经费投入、科技人员投入、人均科技人员R&D经费投入和技术进口进行了全面分析,并运用灰色关联度分析方法对科技投入与经济增长的关联进行实证分析。结论表明:R&D经费投入、科技人员投入、人均科技人员R&D经费投入、技术进口对广东省经济增长有明显的正相关,且科技人员投入对经济增长的促进作用最为显著,技术进口次之,R&D经费投入影响最小。  相似文献   

5.
以灰色关联度分析方法为基础,从科研经费的三大执行部门的角度,结合各国研发经费和科研人员投入情况,对比分析了我国与其他国家三大研发执行部门的研发经费投入和科研人员投入与经济增长间的关系.研究结果表明,R&D经费支出和科技活动人员数量与经济增长存在较大的相关关系,且科技人员投入的关联性更高;高校和企业的科研人员投入,企业的研发经费投入与经济增长的关联性较高;我国企业科研人员的投入以及高校的科研经费投入需要进一步提高.  相似文献   

6.
广东省科技投入与经济增长关联性分析   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
本文根据1998-2004年广东省的统计数据,以灰色关联度分析方法为基础,对广东省科技投入的两个指标--R&D经费投入和科技人员投入与经济增长进行关联性分析.结果表明,R&D经费投入和科技人员投入对广东省经济增长有着正相关的关系,且科技人员投入对经济增长的影响更大一些.  相似文献   

7.
科技投入能促进经济增长,这种增长既可能体现在当期也可能会有滞后。根据山东省2000年~2010年间的统计数据,基于科技投入对经济增长的滞后影响,运用T型关联度及特化系数对科技投入与经济增长间关系进行分析。研究结果表明:(1)科技经费投入与人力投入与经济增长均有正关联关系,但经费投入对经济增长的当期促进作用最大,而科技人员投入的促进作用较弱;R&D经费投入对经济增长的长期促进作用较为显著,科技人员投入的长期促进作用处于中等水平,科技人员中的科学家和工程师的长期促进作用不明显。(2)新世纪以来,山东省科技经费来源结构一直是企业主体型且企业资金特化水平逐年增强,其在科技进步与经济增长中发挥了主体作用。山东省R&D投入强度一直低于全国平均水平,R&D活动中的基础研究阶段需加大投入力度。  相似文献   

8.
本文以贵州省科技投入与经济增长为研究对象,利用2001~2010年地区生产总值、科技活动人员数和R&D经费投入等数据,测算出科技投入与经济增长之间的灰色关联度,得出贵州省经济增长与科技活动人员、R&D经费投入均高度相关,且R&D经费投入对经济促进作用更显著的结论,并结合贵州实际,提出促进科技创新与经济社会协调发展的对策。  相似文献   

9.
科技投入与经济增长之间存在密切关系.根据我国沿海三大经济区域经济增长与科技投入的数据,首先对沿海三大经济区域经济增长与科技投入做了灰色关联度分析,然后建立计量经济学模型进行进一步研究.对三大经济区域科技投入对经济增长的贡献度做了分析与比较.研究认为,在我国沿海三大经济区域中,长三角地区在各项指标中几乎都处于领先地位;我国沿海三大经济区域的经济增长与科技活动人员之间的关系最为密切.其次是科技活动经费支出,再次是R&D经费支出;珠三角地区经济增长率与科技活动经费增长率及R&D经费支出增长率之间的关系较为微弱.  相似文献   

10.
为探寻我国政府财政研发投入与经济增长的关系,本文运用协整方法对样本期内的数据(1989~2007)进行检验.实证结果表明:经济增长与政府财政科技拨款和科技活动活动经费内部支出总额存在长期均衡关系,政府研发投入可以促进经济增长;从长期趋势看,政府财政科技投入对经济增长的影响明显高于科技活动活动经费内部支出总额的影响.为实现自主创新战略及建设创新型国家的宏伟目标,应借鉴国际发达国家研发投入经验,稳定增加政府财政科技投入并优化我国研发经费支出结构,创新我国财政科技投入管理机制.  相似文献   

11.
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.  相似文献   

12.
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.  相似文献   

13.
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.  相似文献   

14.
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.  相似文献   

15.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.  相似文献   

16.
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China's science enterprise by making S&T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party's Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing.  相似文献   

17.
The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests.  相似文献   

18.
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.  相似文献   

19.
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants."  相似文献   

20.
With the support of the National Basic Research Program (dubbed “973” Program), a research project entitled the “dynamic process of China's cryosphere, and the mechanism behind its impact on climate, hydrology and ecology” has recently been launched at the CAS Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (CAREERI) in Lanzhou, capital of northwest China's Gansu Province, marking the inception of a systematic and allround exploration of the subject.  相似文献   

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