共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 640 毫秒
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<正>磁性材料是古老而用途十分广泛的功能材料,与国防建设和国民经济的方方面面紧密相关。近20年来,磁性纳米材料经历了快速的发展,目前已成为最富有生命力与广阔应用前景的纳米材料之一。与之相关的部分研究成果也已进入规模化工业生产,取得了显著的经济效益,其基础研究与应用开发方兴未艾。在纳米医学领域,如何从纳米材料的结构、表面修饰方法入手,调节其与各种生物分子的相互作用,促进纳米材料的生物医学应用,是同济大学医学院研究员王祎龙十多年来科研生涯的“主线”。 相似文献
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纳米材料与纳米体系物理——面向21世纪的新领域 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本世纪80年代,过去人们从未探索过的纳米体系一跃成为科学家十分关注的研究对象。纳米材料刚刚诞生几年,纳米材料体系所具有的独特性质和新的规律,已使人们认识到这一领域是跨世纪材料科学研究的“热点”,它的发展很可能给物理、化学、材料、生物、医药等学科研究带来新的机会,多学科交叉,互相影响也会产生新领域的生长点,为交叉学科的发展提供新的思路。 相似文献
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正提起纳米材料,也许很多人都会认为很"遥远",但在中国科学院高能物理研究所纳米生物效应与安全性重点实验室副研究员尹文艳看来,纳米材料不但很接地气,更与人们的衣食住行息息相关。多年来,她在无机非金属纳米材料的可控设计制备及表面修饰、纳米生物效应与安全性研究以及生物纳米荧光探针、肿瘤的诊疗一体化等研究的推进上,脚踏实地地努力着。 相似文献
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国家自然科学基金对纳米材料的资助领域分析——基于共词网络法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对国家自然科学基金2000—2010年纳米材料资助项目的关键词进行分析,利用pajek软件对关键词绘制网络图谱,分析得出自然基金对纳米材料资助的主要领域归为3类,即纳米材料的制备、合成、应用、性能及纳米结构;各种纳米材料的研究如碳纳米管、各种聚合物、纳米晶、纳米粒子、纳米半导体、纳米复合材料等;纳米材料的组装、自组装、特异效应的研究。这些是自然基金对纳米材料资助的主要领域,也是我国纳米材料的研究热点。建议加强投入对纳米材料资助较弱的研究方向,如纳米陶瓷材料、纳米材料的形貌控制和缺陷控制等。 相似文献
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《科技风》2021,(3)
细胞是人类生命活动的基本单位。任何生命活动,包括组织再生和疾病爆发,都与细胞行为密切相关。研究生物医用材料与细胞表面和界面的相互作用是一个热点和重要的课题。它不仅关系到医学的发展水平,而且关系到生物材料的可靠性、安全性和耐久性。在外科学、显微医学、组织工程、再生医学等领域,纳米材料是不可缺少的,尤其是在某些心血管疾病的治疗中,利用微纳米材料实现界面是一项迫切的工作,并且具有学术意义。近年来,随着三维纳米生物技术的发展,利用静电纺丝技术制备的聚合物纳米纤维已成为一种新型的、受欢迎的生物材料。它的特点就是可以模拟细胞外基质的组成和网状结构。这就引了新的探索和细胞命运,让更多的研究者致力于三维纳米生物界面的指导作用的研究,期望利用三种纳米纤维的特殊结构来调节细胞行为,从而在医学问题上取得巨大成就~([1])。基于此,本文探讨了三维纳米生物界面作为指导细胞命运的新平台。 相似文献
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新材料的不断产生与应用是人类社会不断进步的重要标志之一 ,新材料特别是高性能、多用途的先进材料已成为科研和应用的重点。在众多新材料中 ,纤维增强树脂复合材料和硅基电子材料是当今工业中最重要的材料 ,而信息功能材料、纳米材料、智能材料、生物高温与结构陶瓷等将是 2 1世纪研究开发的重点。比如 ,信息材料作为现代信息产业的基石 ,支撑着通信、计算机、信息家电和网络技术的发展。以硅为代表的集成电路用新材料已成为集成电路产业的基础 ,它决定着集成电路这个国民经济的战略性基础产业的发展水平。根据国内专家的测算 ,集成电路对… 相似文献
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While advances in genomics have enabled sensitive and highly parallel detection of nucleic acid targets, the isolation and extraction of the nucleic acids remain a critical bottleneck in the workflow. We present here a simple 3D printed microfluidic chip that allows for the vortex and centrifugation free extraction of nucleic acids. This novel microfluidic chip utilizes the presence of a water and oil interface to filter out the lysate contaminants. The pure nucleic acids, while bound on cellulose particles, are magnetically moved across the oil layer. We demonstrated efficient and rapid extraction of spiked Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 18 plasmids in specimen transport medium, in under 15 min. An overall extraction efficiency of 61% is observed across a range of HPV plasmid concentrations (5 × 101 to 5 × 106 copies/100 μl). The magnetic, interfacial, and viscous drag forces inside the microgeometries of the chip are modeled. We have also developed a kinetics model for the adsorption of nucleic acids on cellulose functionalized superparamagnetic beads. We also clarify here the role of carrier nucleic acids in the adsorption and isolation of nucleic acids. Based on the various mechanistic insights detailed here, customized microfluidic devices can be designed to meet the range of current and emerging point of care diagnostics needs. 相似文献
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Science and the state in modern China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Wang Z 《Isis; an international review devoted to the history of science and its cultural influences》2007,98(3):558-570
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The six-membered ring (SMR) is a common structure unit for numerous material systems. These materials include, but are not limited to, the typical two-dimensional materials such as graphene, h-BN, and transition metal dichalcogenides, as well as three-dimensional materials such as beryllium, magnesium, MgB2 and Bi2Se3. Although many of these materials have already become ‘stars’ in materials science and condensed-matter physics, little attention has been paid to the roles of the SMR unit across a wide range of compositions and structures. In this article, we systematically analyze these materials with respect to their very basic SMR structural unit, which has been found to play a deterministic role in the occurrence of many intriguing properties and phenomena, such as Dirac electronic and phononic spectra, superconductivity and topology. As a result, we have defined this group of materials as SMR inorganic materials, opening up a new perspective on materials research and development. With their unique properties, SMR materials deserve wide attention and in-depth investigation from materials design, new physical discoveries to target-wizard applications. It is expected that SMR materials will find niche applications in next-generation information technology, renewable energy, space, etc. 相似文献
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国际科研评价体系现存问题及发展新趋势分析 《科学学研究》2015,33(8):1127-1133
在科学发展的新形势和新需求面前,探索如何构建新的适应科学研究发展新模式的科研评价标准及评价机制已经成为当前科学界亟需解决的重大现实问题。基于对目前国际科研评价所存在的关键问题的剖析,结合国际科研评价研究及科研评价体系改革的最新动态,分析了国际科研评价发展的新趋势。 相似文献
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Wagner J 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2012,22(1):24-38
The existence of cell free DNA in the human circulatory system has been known since the 1950s, however, intensive research in this area has been conducted for the last ten years. This review paper brings a short overview of the existing literature concerning the cell free DNA research in various clinical fields and pathological states and considers the application possibilities of this new analyte in clinical laboratory diagnostics. At the moment, cell free DNA is most widely used for the purpose of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of fetal sex or fetal RhD status. The recent discovery of epigenetic changes in placental/fetal DNA and the detection of fetal/placental-specific RNAs have made it possible to use this technology in all pregnancies irrespective of the gender of the fetus. With the application of new techniques such as next generation sequencing, digital PCR and mass spectrometry, it is now possible to detect very small amounts of specific DNA in the presence of excess of other nonspecific nucleic acids. Second most probable application is in oncology, where detection and monitoring of tumors is now possible by the detection of tumor-derived nucleic acids. Third promising field for near future implementation of this analyte is transplantation medicine, where free DNA level could serve as a marker of transplant rejection. Before any further utilization of this new biomarker, pre-analytical and analytical aspects of free DNA analysis remain to be standardized. In the field of noninvasive prenatal diagnosis, important ethical, legal and social questions remain to be discussed. 相似文献
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国内外LIS领域阅读研究分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的/意义]旨在为阅读推广后续研究提供参考。[方法/过程]分别以CNKI和WOS数据库作为数据来源,利用Bicomb2.0和SPSS软件进行共词分析和聚类分析,绘制战略坐标图,并梳理国内外阅读主题领域研究热点的成熟度。[结果/结论]国内外的阅读推广研究均发展到了较为成熟的阶段,但在国内图情领域还未发展成为领域核心,国外的相关研究中计量学等传统情报学分析技术方法利用更为广泛深入。数字阅读和移动阅读成为国内图情领域阅读主题研究的核心。社会化阅读、社交媒体与用户生成信息研究在国内外都还处于发展阶段,相关研究理论还未形成成熟的体系。 相似文献