共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 343 毫秒
1.
Forty counseling students were assessed on their power base (i.e., expert, referent, and legitimate) preferences, which were found to vary as a function of client problem, but not experience level. 相似文献
2.
Darcy Haag Granello 《Counselor Education & Supervision》2003,42(3):189-202
A content analysis of audiotapes from 42 counseling supervisory dyads examined the effects of supervisor and supervisee gender on the influence strategies used in the session. Gender of the supervisor was not related to influence strategy. Supervisors of both genders were significantly more likely to accept or build upon the ideas generated by female supervisees and asked for more opinions from male supervisees. Male supervisees gave significantly more suggestions than did female supervisees, and female supervisees praised their supervisors more often than did male supervisees. Also, age differences between supervisor and supervisee interacted with gender to affect influence strategies used in the supervisory dyad. 相似文献
3.
This exploratory study examined the influence of gender and ethnicity on college student preferences for individualistic vs. relational‐focused counseling approaches. Overall, the results did not demonstrate significant differences across gender and ethnicity. However, there was a small tendency for women and African American participants to rate the counselor conducting the relational‐focused counseling approach more positively than did men and White participants, respectively. 相似文献
4.
LINDA SELIGMAN 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1978,17(4):254-261
This study was conducted to investigate the process of peer supervision. The criterion used was counselor trainees' growth in facilitative functioning. The study sought to ascertain whether the facilitative counselor trainee was also the effective peer supervisor, to provide information on evaluating the peer-supervisory experience, and to shed light on the most effective techniques of supervision. Peer supervisors were found to be effective in improving the performance of counselor trainees in the core dimensions of empathy, respect, genuineness, and concreteness. A significant positive correlation was found between peer supervisors' level of empathy in the counseling relationship and the trainees' ratings of supervisors on the relationship questionnaire. No significant correlation was found, however, between the trainees' ratings of their supervisors and the improvement demonstrated by the trainees in the core conditions. In addition, no significant correlation was found between the extent of the trainees' improvement and the supervisors' level of functioning as counselors. The relationship between trainees' responses to the supervisor role-analysis form and their improvement in counseling skills suggested that the most effective supervisors were structured, didactic, and more technique oriented. 相似文献
5.
Effective counseling supervision features the establishment of clearly defined mutual expectations. The following article is a critical review of the literature on trainee expectations in supervision that divides the research into three areas: expectations about structure, expectations about communication, and expectations of the supervisory relationship. Implications for supervisors are discussed. 相似文献
6.
The goal of this study was to identify relationships among the counseling behaviors of practicum trainees and the supervision behaviors of their supervisors during a one-semester counseling practicum. Trained judges rated the following variables from audiotapes: trainee and supervisor empathy, various trainee and supervisor verbal behavior patterns, and five trainee competencies. Comparisons were made between performances at the beginning and end of the term. Trainees improved on two of five competencies but did not improve on empathy, nor did their verbal behavior patterns change. Empathy levels of the supervisors had no apparent effect on the trainees. 相似文献
7.
Academic and site supervisors of counselors-in-training perform the important function of serving as gatekeepers to the counseling
profession. Their endorsement of a trainee implies that the trainee is capable of carrying out the role of a counselor in
an ethical and effective manner, without endangering clients. Limited guidelines and training in the gatekeeping function
pose a problem for supervisors. In the quest for improved gatekeeping processes, the counseling profession may achieve greater
clarity and fairness by incorporating performance appraisal protocols from the business and management fields. 相似文献
8.
This investigation follows an earlier attempt to evaluate the use of paid clients in practicum work. Pre- and post-counseling responses of paid and unpaid clients, counselors, and counselor supervisors were tested by Fisher's exact probability tables. Before-counseling paid clients were found to be different from unpaid clients only in that paid clients did not expect counseling to make them more independent in their relationships with other people. Post-counseling responses did not reveal any significant differences between paid or unpaid clients. Counselors saw paid clients in the way that paid clients saw themselves. Counselor supervisors did not expect significant differences between paid and unpaid clients. The only significant difference in post-counseling ratings was that neither counselors or counselor supervisors had anticipated that paid clients did want counselors to offer alternative solutions to problems. Differing pre-counseling responses of unpaid clients and of counselors and counselor supervisors reflected unfounded expectations that unpaid clients would have greater counseling needs than paid clients. All those involved in the study evaluated paid-client counseling as being a worthwhile experience. The writers encourage further investigation and evaluation. 相似文献
9.
The authors compared practicum supervisors and counseling students in training in terms of dominant cognitive style and related cognitive style of counselors in training to supervision process and outcome measures. A sample of 18 supervisors and 46 students completed the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. After at least six supervision sessions, supervisors rated the counseling students on the Counselor Evaluation Rating Scale and the students rated the quality of the supervision relationship using the Barrett-Lennard Relationship Inventory. Supervisors had a stronger Thinking orientation and less variability on the Sensing-Intuiting orientation than did counselors in training. In contrast to previous research, a strong relationship between the cognitive style of counselors in training and supervision process and outcome measures was not detected in this study. 相似文献
10.
The social power typology developed originally by French and Raven in 1959 and revised by Raven in 1965 and 1992 was applied to study school consultation. Specifically, we investigated how the gender of school psychologist consultants and teacher consultees influence how likely consultants are to use soft power strategies, identified as those drawing on expert, referent, informational, legitimate dependency, and legitimate position power. A modified version of the Interpersonal Power Inventory was mailed to 1,000 Nationally Certified School Psychologists. Results obtained from 352 respondents indicated that, when consulting with female teachers: (a) male psychologists are more likely to use expert power than the other four soft strategies combined, and (b) female psychologists are less likely to use referent power than the other four soft strategies combined. Findings suggest that consultant gender plays an important role in determining influence strategies used by school consultants. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
11.
Beatrice K. Reynolds 《Communication quarterly》2013,61(4):37-46
Differential usage of the five bases of power as conceptualized by French and Raven (1968) were examined to determine which base(s) of power mediated the Management Communication Style (MCS) of a supervisor. In addition, the supervisor's communication of each type of power was examined for relationships with employee satisfaction. Two samples are employed, one a group of 250 public‐school teachers and the other a group of 171 managers representing banking, service industries, and a product‐based organization. Results indicate that both samples associated the communication of coercive power with a “boss‐centered,” tell‐type MCS and negative job satisfaction. Both samples responded positively to increased use of referent and expert power. Reward power seems to have little positive impact for either sample. Lastly, legitimate power had a negative impact on MCS for the management sample. 相似文献
12.
Most of the research on supervision has focused on supervisors in academic institutions (faculty members or doctoral students). In this article the authors describe a study in which they examined supervisors in community agencies where master's level counselors were assigned for practicum and internship training. The survey suggested that agencies were heavily invested in supervising graduate level counseling students and providing them with a rich clinical experience. Respondents typically had a master's degree, used various models of supervision, and provided feedback by means of self-report and audiotape or videotape review of counseling sessions. Results suggest that these supervisors had little contact with the concurrent academic supervisor and may have had little formal training in supervision. Implications of this survey include a need for more training for supervisors in graduate counseling programs and a need for more liaison between campus and field supervisors. 相似文献
13.
Survey results of school counseling supervisors in North Carolina are summarized. Responses show that the majority of school counseling programs in the state are supervised by noncounseling personnel, usually supervisors of curriculum, instructional programs, or other educational areas. Supervisors' educational backgrounds, professional memberships, opinions about counselor certification issues, dominant supervisory functions, and staff development activities are described. The survey results give impetus to recommendations for future AACD and ACES directions regarding counseling supervision. 相似文献
14.
WESLEY J. ERWIN 《Counselor Education & Supervision》2000,40(2):115-127
The author assessed the moral sensitivity of 147 counselor supervisors (75 women, 71 men; mean age, 48 years). Findings show that 35% and 67% of supervisors received low moral sensitivity scores for the breach of confidentiality and the dual relationship case, respectively. Supervisors scored significantly higher in moral sensitivity for the less ambiguous case, breach of confidentiality, when compared with the more ambiguous dual relationship case. 相似文献
15.
This study assesses the value systems held by supervisors and supervisees in the counseling practice. The relation between value system similarity and two dependent measures was examined; the level of communication within and the overall satisfaction with the relationship. Participants included 37 student supervisees and seven supervisors in a master's program. Correlation coefficients were computed to establish the relationships between the dependent measures and between value similarity measures and the dependent variables. The results did not indicate a meaningful relation between the similarity of value systems for supervisee and supervisor and either dependent measure. The results, however, did indicate a strong relationship between the supervisee's satisfaction with the supervisory relationship and the level of communication that was developed in supervision. 相似文献
16.
This study examined outcomes of a supervision practicum in which graduate students supervised under-graduates in teacher education during microteaching activities and studied their supervisory behavior using videotape replays of conferences with teacher-trainees. Pre- and post-measures were used to assess changes in conference style as reflected by verbal behavior, and changes in the relationship between conference dialogues and subsequent teaching behavior. Supervisors shifted toward more indirect-supportive conference styles. Conclusions were that videotaped microteaching can be adapted to improve supervisor education by 1.) providing realistic supervisory experience, 2.) serving as a vehicle to modify the conference behavior of potential supervisors, and 3.) serving as a research vehicle for accumulating new knowledge and testing current theories concerning the process of supervision. 相似文献
17.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether supervisors' supervisory styles are related to master's‐level counseling students' satisfaction with supervision and their perceived self‐efficacy. Multiple regression analyses of data obtained for 82 participants indicated that particular supervisory styles were significant predictors of supervisees' satisfaction with supervision and perceived self‐efficacy. Findings can be used to enhance the training of supervisors. 相似文献
18.
19.
The purpose of this article is twofold, to provide a review of applicable literature, information, and research in nonverbal behavior categories, and to encourage counselor educators and supervisors to consider additional research and investigations on the nonverbal behaviors of counselors and clients, supervisors, and trainees in actual counseling and supervisory sessions and situations. A brief model is provided to illustrate counselor educators' and supervisors' application and use of this information with novice counselors and its implications. 相似文献
20.
Nadine Pelling 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》2008,30(4):235-248
The relationship between supervisory identity development and supervisory experience, counseling experience, and training
in supervision was examined for Association for Counselor Education and Supervision (ACES) members. Analyses indicated that
supervisory experience and training were related to supervisory identity development, whilst counseling experience was not.
The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to the importance of supervisor credentials. 相似文献