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INTRODUCTION limiting conditions, obligatory aerobic and an- aerobic bacteria will survive in a mixed culture Sequential anaerobic/aerobic wastewater treat- (Gerritse et al., 1992). Little is know about thement has received increasing attention for effective change in the activity of anaerobic bacteria whennutrient removal, enhanced de… 相似文献
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陈红 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2004,5(6):727-732
Specific ATP content of volatile solids was measured to characterize the sludge activity in a sequential anaerobic/aerobic wastewater treatment system, with an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor and a three-phase aerobic fluidized bed (AFB) reactor. The wastewater COD level was 2000(3000 mg/L in simulation of real textile wastewater. The ATP content and the specific ATP contents of volatile solids at different heights of the UASB reactor and those of the suspended and immobilized biomass in the AFB reactor were measured. In the UASB reactor, the maximum value of specific ATP (0.85 mg ATP/g VS) was obtained at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) 7.14 h in the blanket solution. In the AFB reactor, the specific ATP content of suspended biomass was higher than that of immobilized biomass and increased with hydraulic retention time reaching a maximum value of 1.6 mg ATP/g VS at hydraulic retention time 4.35 h. The ATP content of anaerobes in the UASB effluent declined rapidly under aerobic conditions following a 2nd-order kinetic model. 相似文献
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以高碳混合粗脂肪酸和甲醇为原料制备生物柴油．研究了醇酸摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间、催化剂等因素对反应的影响．实验结果表明,最适宜工艺条件为：醇酸摩尔比5：1,反应温度70℃,反应时间6h,催化剂用量1．5％（以原料中脂肪酸质量为基准）,甲醇分三次加入．由高碳混合粗脂肪酸制备的生物柴油,其各项技术指标与国外同类产品标准接近． 相似文献
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垃圾监测实验的气相色谱方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在我国卫生填埋仍是垃圾处理的主要方式,对填埋气中的甲烷及垃圾渗滤液中挥发性脂肪酸含量的监测是进行污染治理及资源化利用的前提。研究结果显示,用气相色谱法既可以对填埋气进行分析,也可以对渗滤液中挥发性脂肪酸进行监测,且监测方法简单方便、监测结果精确可靠。 相似文献
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Waste cooking oil (WCO) is becoming the most promising alternative feedstock to produce biodiesel due to its low cost in China. In this study, NKC-9 ion-exchange resin and H-beta zeolite were selected as heterogeneous catalysts in the WCO esterification process and their esterification characteristics were compared by orthogonal experiments. NKC-9 resin showed higher activity and achieved a higher final conversion compared with H-beta zeolite under the same reaction conditions. Reusability experiments showed that NKC-9 resin still exhibited high activity after 5 runs. The effects of the mole ratio of alcohol to oil, reaction time, reaction temperature and the catalyst dose were investigated by multifactor orthogonal analysis. The influence of the free fatty acid (FFA) content was also investigated, and the result showed that the esterification rate could be as high as 98.4% when the FFA content was 6.3wt%. 相似文献
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研究了污泥热水解产物中四种重金属的形态分布,以及污泥热水解产物对植物生长的影响.结果表明,热水解过程中,Zn、Cu、Cd和Pb有84%～98%转移到固相中,并且在固相中主要以残渣态存在.污泥水解液促进了油麦菜生长,污泥水解泥饼则对油麦菜生长表现出抑制效果. 相似文献
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A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) seeded with activated sludge was established for landfill leachate treatment. Small bio-aggregates
began to appear after 40-d operation, and gradually changed to mature aerobic granules, with a mean size of 0.36–0.60 mm.
Their sludge volume index at 5 min (SVI5 min), mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS), and wet density were around 35 ml/g, 3.4 g/L, and 1.062 g/cm3, respectively. The settling velocities of the granules in distilled water ranged from 0.3 to 1.3 cm/s, which were faster
than those in landfill leachate with a salt content of 1.4% (w/v), and also slightly faster than those predicted by Stokes’
law for porous but impermeable particles. Microbial community evolution during the granulation process and stages under different
nitrogen loading rates (NLRs) were monitored and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis
(PCR-DGGE), cloning, and sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) fragments. Results revealed that some primary and dominant
communities in inoculating activated sludge died out gradually; while a few common bacteria, inhabiting soils, municipal wastewater,
or activated sludge systems, dominated in the SBR system throughout. In addition, some other dominant species, associated
with the aerobic granulation process, were thought to play a significant role in the formation and growth of aerobic granular
sludge. During the stable operation time under low NLR, a few species were present in abundance, and may have been responsible
for the high organic removal efficiency at this time. 相似文献
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INTRODUCTION The use of anaerobic process to treat municipal organic solid waste (MOSW) has dramatically in-creased recently. Anaerobic digestion can be carried out under ambient (<25 °C), mesophilic (25~45 °C) and thermophilic (>45 °C) conditions (El-Mashad et al., 2004). Thermophilic digestion has many advan-tages such as higher metabolic rate and higher con-sequent specific growth rate compared with meso-philic digestion, although the thermophilic bacteria death rate is higher (… 相似文献
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Wen-yi Deng Xiao-dong Li Jian-hua Yan Fei Wang Sheng-yong Lu Yong Chi Ke-fa Cen 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2009,10(11):1670-1677
The emission and contact drying kinetics of the paper mill sludge （PMS） were studied through experiments carried out in a paddle dryer. To get a better understanding of its drying mechanism, a penetration model developed by Tsotsas and Schlünder （1986） was used to simulate the drying kinetics of the PMS. The result indicated that this kinetics could be divided into three phases： pasty, lumpy and granular phases, and could be successfully simulated by the penetration model as the related sludge parameters were integrated into the model. The emission rate curves of the volatile compounds （VCs） were interrelated to the drying rate curve of the PMS, especially for volatile fatty acids （VFAs） and ammonia in this study. 相似文献
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Incineration is considered one of the most readily available techniques for sewage sludge disposal, including tannery sludge, which often contains significant amounts of volatile heavy metals. The combustion characteristics and kinetic analysis of tannery sludge were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis （TGA） at a heating rate of 30 ℃/min in 50-950 ℃. In addition to confirming that tannery sludge has a high content of volatile material and ash, it was further discovered that almost all the zinc （Zn） in tannery sludge is volatilized at 900 ℃. The degree of volatilization for heavy metals at 900 ℃ followed the order of Zn〉Cd〉Cu〉Mn〉Pb〉Cr. Moreover, the volatilization of these heavy metals increased with temperature. It is thus concluded that, to avoid heavy metal volatization during incineration disposal, 800 ℃ is a reasonable incineration temperature. 相似文献
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An expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor inoculated with anaerobic granular sludge was started up with its COD removal performance, self-balancing of pH, biogas production rate and characteristics of the granular sludge during the start-up period being investigated. The results indicated that the EGSB reactor can be started up successfully in 27 d by increasing the organic loading rate rapidly. The removal efficiency of COD was maintained above 93% with influent COD concentration of 25 000 mg/L and OL... 相似文献
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Xiang Hu Dominika Sobotka Krzysztof Czerwionka Qi Zhou Li Xie Jacek Makinia 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2018,19(4):305-316
The effects of two different external carbon sources (acetate and ethanol) and electron acceptors (dissolved oxygen, nitrate, and nitrite) were investigated under aerobic and anoxic conditions with non-acclimated process biomass from a full-scale biological nutrient removal-activated sludge system. When acetate was added as an external carbon source, phosphate release was observed even in the presence of electron acceptors. The release rates were 1.7, 7.8, and 3.5 mg P/(g MLVSS·h) (MLVSS: mixed liquor volatile suspended solids), respectively, for dissolved oxygen, nitrate, and nitrite. In the case of ethanol, no phosphate release was observed in the presence of electron acceptors. Results of the experiments with nitrite showed that approximately 25 mg NO2-N/L of nitrite inhibited anoxic phosphorus uptake regardless of the concentration of the tested external carbon sources. Furthermore, higher denitrification rates were obtained with acetate (1.4 and 0.8 mg N/(g MLVSS·h)) compared to ethanol (1.1 and 0.7 mg N/(g MLVSS·h)) for both anoxic electron acceptors (nitrate and nitrite). 相似文献
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对米渣浓缩蛋白进行复合蛋白酶和风味蛋白酶联合酶解试验,在单因素试验基础上通过正交试验优化酶解条件,所得水解液米渣蛋白提取率达到57.81%。对上述水解液进行了二次风味蛋白酶水解试验。米渣蛋白的提取率可以达到63.6%。将酶解产物冷冻干燥即得蛋白含量为84.62%的可溶性米渣蛋白粉。 相似文献
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对目标污泥进行试验分析,获得最佳工艺条件后将含油污泥在经搅拌后静置分离,原油回收,泥水经机械脱水过滤。过滤后油泥利用氧化钙将除油后污泥在干燥反应器内发生的热化学反应,将细胞水在反应器内大部分蒸发,达到脱水、杀菌等目的。利用微波加热器将部分低温蒸汽加热至250℃以供再次强化干燥。经试验测定,经增钙干化后处理污泥含水率控制在35%以内。 相似文献
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胰酶水解脱脂蚕蛹分离部分氨基酸的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了从蚕蛹胰酶水解液中分离得到氨基酸单体，本研究从脱脂蚕蛹出发，首先选择合适的酶解条件，然后对酶解得到的混合氨基酸进行了含量测定，并将混合氨基酸经732树脂粗分为酸性、中性和碱性三种氨基酸混合液，其中酸性部分通过717树脂柱处理，后二者分别加入不同的沉淀剂，再经解析后共获得7种氨基酸单体，该方法简便易行，针对性强，收率较高，为水解制备氨基酸探索了一条新途径。 相似文献
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为了快速培养出能同时去除生活污水中化学需氧量(COD)和氮的微氧颗粒污泥,采用膨胀颗粒污泥床(EGSB)反应器接种污水处理厂剩余污泥,研究了微氧颗粒污泥的培养过程以及稳定运行条件下供氧量对处理效果和污泥性能的影响。结果表明,水力停留时间(HRT)为6h,微氧颗粒污泥的成功培养仅需1个月;供氧速率在2.83.2gO2/d,COD,NH3-N和总氮(TN)的去除率最高分别可达91%,85%和81%,脱氮速率达1.7gN/d,出水水质最佳;成熟的微氧颗粒污泥粒径集中在0.453.2gO2/d,COD,NH3-N和总氮(TN)的去除率最高分别可达91%,85%和81%,脱氮速率达1.7gN/d,出水水质最佳;成熟的微氧颗粒污泥粒径集中在0.452mm,当供氧速率低于2.3gO2/d时,颗粒污泥结构致密,供氧速率在2.32mm,当供氧速率低于2.3gO2/d时,颗粒污泥结构致密,供氧速率在2.33.2gO2/d时,污泥性能稳定,供氧速率增加到3.2gO2/d时,污泥沉降性能下降,并出现颗粒解体和丝状菌生长优势。 相似文献
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啤酒厂厌氧池(UASB)的调节与恢复 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对某啤酒厂污水处理过程中使用的升流式厌氧池(UASB)进行了调节与恢复,通过监测厌氧池的pH与COD等数据找出UASB反应器处理效果差的原因,然后对三相分离器、布水管等进行调整,并二次启动厌氧池,恢复了UASB反应器的处理功能. 相似文献
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Optimization of angiotensin I-converting enzyme （ACE） inhibition by rice dregs hydrolysates using response surface methodology 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
INTRODUCTION Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) canconvert angiotensin I to angiotensin II which isknown to be a strong vasopressor, besides inactivat-ing bradykinin conducive to lowering blood pressure(Ondetti et al., 1977). This enzyme also playsphysiological roles in the regulation of local levels ofother endogenous peptides, such as enkephalins andsubstace P. Therefore, inhibition of ACE can reducethe activity of angiotensin II, but increase bradykininand enkephalins levels, … 相似文献