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1.
Alba E. Mustaca Fabian Gabelli Mauricio R. Papini Peter Balsam 《Learning & behavior》1991,19(2):125-138
Appetitive contextual conditioning in rats and ringdoves was investigated in six experiments. In Experiment 1, differential contextual training produced greater anticipatory activity in rats in the presence of a context paired with food than it did in rats in the presence of a different context in which food was never presented. Furthermore, the rats showed a preference for the context associated with food when they were given a simultaneous choice test between contexts. In Experiment 2, rats were more active in and preferred a context associated with a variable-time 30-sec (VT30) schedule as opposed to a VT180 schedule. Experiment 3 was a between-subjects replication of the previous experiment. As expected, rats exhibited significantly more anticipatory activity in a context in which food had been presented on a VT30 schedule than they did in a context in which food had been presented on a VT180 schedule. Experiment 4 showed that anticipatory activity was a reflection of context-US associations in ringdoves, and in Experiments 5 and 6, ringdoves also exhibited an inverse relationship between the. amount of anticipatory activity and the length of the interreinforcement interval (IRI). These results reveal a relation between ERI and contextual conditioning opposite from that obtained in studies of aversive conditioning. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Educational Development》1996,16(2):111-123
The article presents a comparative analysis of education in communist and post-communist Poland, based upon fieldwork in schools in Lodz in 1993 compared with earlier research in such schools in 1988. Some of the observed changes were a direct result of the change in the government's political ideology — notably the teaching of history, social studies and religious education; some were a response to the changing economic structure in Poland brought about by the transition from a centrally planned economy to a free market one; and some were a response to a deepening economic crisis associated with structural adjustment policies, but where the mode of response was facilitated by a free market ideology. 相似文献
4.
崔立斌 《天津师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2005,16(6):75-78
先秦汉语动词作主语、宾语跟名词作主语、宾语是不同的，先秦汉语动词作主语、宾语有四种不同情形：动词作主语、宾语；动词作主语、宾语后活用为名词；动词作主语、宾语时兼有名词性质；动词跟作主语、宾语的词是不同的单位。因此，先秦汉语动词的活用和兼类就少一些。 相似文献
5.
广西目前信息资源管理人才不足,有必要在今后的一段时间里有较大的发展。在相当长的一个时期里,广西信息资源管理人才的培养必须走全日制普通高校教育与专业人员在职教育相结合的道路。 相似文献
6.
张红旗 《廊坊师范学院学报》2010,(3):80-83
公推直选乡镇长与乡镇党委书记出现的时间、发展现状与趋势、制度依据、选举成本,以及乡镇长与乡镇党委书记在乡镇政权中的作用有明显的不同。在我们看来,直接选举乡镇党委书记,发展的空间更广阔,对乡镇民主建设与乡镇政府职能转型所起的作用更大。 相似文献
7.
Jane Courtney 《Compare》2014,44(3):416-434
This article compares the existing single-strategy approach towards the teaching of early literacy in schools in rural Cambodia with a multiple-strategy approach introduced as part of a reading intervention programme. Classroom observations, questionnaires and in-depth interviews with teachers were used to explore teachers’ practices and attitudes. Research was also conducted into the nature of the Khmer language. These preparations informed the design of the programme implemented in 127 rural schools. The success of the intervention was evaluated through classroom observations and a survey of teachers. Pupils’ reading was assessed in a sample of the intervention schools and compared with a sample of pupils in schools without the intervention. Results showed that most teachers in Cambodia use a one-strategy approach to teaching reading but that reading competence remains poor. In comparison, the assessment of pupils following the training of teachers in a multiple-strategy approach showed a marked improvement in their reading. 相似文献
8.
郑家治 《涪陵师范学院学报》2003,19(6):17-20
陈毅元帅的战争诗词是20世纪生动形象的革命战争史，又是壮美深沉的民族精英心灵史：在审美上既重风骨，又富意境；在形式上古近体并重，且创作颇丰。陈毅其人品性高洁，风骨凛然，其诗亦然，是20世纪传统诗词当之无愧的大家。 相似文献
9.
George E. Urch 《International Journal of Educational Development》1984,4(4):305-314
This article describes and evaluates a nonformal education rural development project which evolved through a collaborative arrangement between a private voluntary organization in Ghana and a North American university. After extensive discussions a relationship developed between the University of Massachusetts' Center for International Education and Ghana's Peoples' Educational Association, a national adult education organization with links to the University of Ghana's Institute of Adult Education.The two organizations agreed to cooperate in the development and evaluation of several village facilitator models in which a much wider cross-section of the community would participate in a variety of development projects and educational activities. The models were to emphasize a shift from a leader-dominated perspective to more group participation with villagers taking responsibility for their actions, both in meetings and in development projects. 相似文献
10.
全面建设小康社会是中国共产党对新世纪我国社会发展现阶段作出的新的定位,它丰富和发展了建设有中国特色社会主义理论的思想.我国现已进入了全面建设小康社会的新时期,这是社会主义制度的伟大胜利,是中华民族发展史上的一个新的里程碑.我们建设的小康社会是经济社会整体进步和全面发展的小康社会. 相似文献
11.
Learning approach and outcome: Some empirical observations 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
Roger Säljö 《Instructional Science》1981,10(1):47-65
12.
谭小青 《蒙自师范高等专科学校学报》2014,(5):117-120
《北迁季节》被视为当代阿拉伯文学作品的"一朵奇葩",萨利赫向读者展示了一幅充满时空变幻的迁徙之图,文中的人物身份也呈现了有"破"有"立"的动态特点。该篇试图分析小说中人物所体现的三种类型的身份寻求:抵制性的"立",模仿性的由"破"到"立",以及策略性的由"立"到"破"。文化身份不是固定封闭的,而是一个历史的动态的过程,正是"破"和"立"之间的互动式协商才为夹缝中的人物创造了"间质空间"的身份意义。 相似文献
13.
Richard W. Field 《Quest (Human Kinetics)》2013,65(3):357-365
This dialogue assumes that Socrates has reappeared in the 20th century (through a wrinkle in time) and is actively engaged in a discussion with two Greek graduate students in physical education. The coach, Kallinikos (whose name means “glorious victor” in Greek), sheds light on the views on our society toward sport and the importance of winning. Cassandra (named for a prophet in the Trojan War whose prophecies were ignored) is a physical education teacher who aids Socrates in his quest for understanding how the field of “gymnastics” has changed in the past 2,400 years. Within the dialogue, discussion centers around the similarities and differences between coaching as a profession and teaching physical education. Some of the issues encountered include a definition of physical education, the domains involved in coaching and teaching, outcomes of teaching and coaching, the value of sport in society, activity as a form of expression, and a definition of the physically educated student. 相似文献
14.
李艳 《青岛职业技术学院学报》2005,18(3):45-49
研究方回,对于研究宋代诗史和宋代诗歌理论具有重要意义。文章着重回顾了20世纪百年来方回诗学研究的状况。20世纪的方回诗学研究,30年代和40年代是一个时期,这一时期的研究可以看作是清人论争的继续,并有新的见解。80年代和90年代是一个时期,其中,80年代老一辈的研究者,上继前辈学者的思路继续推进,同时引进新的理论作新的思考;而新一代的学者已经开始以新的理论眼光加入讨论。90年代则在新的宽广的理论视野的观照下审视方回诗学,推动研究向深度与广度发展,开创了新的局面。 相似文献
15.
刘宏 《黄冈师范学院学报》2006,26(2):6-10,20
《金瓶梅》是明代第一奇书,然而,对其作者至今众说纷纭。而“金学”界热疑的作者大都寓居过麻城,且与《金瓶梅》最早收藏者刘承禧有着密切的关系。《金瓶梅》里大量麻城方言的采用,体现出鲜明的地方特色,进一步说明作者是以麻城市井生活为模本进行艺术创作的。 相似文献
16.
Ming Fai Pang 《Instructional Science》2010,38(6):659-677
This paper reports on a study that employed a theory-based approach in the form of a learning study to enhance a domain-specific
generic capability, financial literacy, of Grade 12 students to empower them to make informed and independent financial decisions.
Financial literacy is seen in this study as a function of student understanding of a limited set of interrelated economic
concepts that can be used as tools to assess financial situations and make sound financial decisions. Twelve teachers participated
in the study. Six worked together in a learning study group and drew on a particular theory of learning in planning and carrying
out lessons designed to serve the learning aims, whereas the other six worked collaboratively in a lesson study group. To
evaluate the effectiveness of the two learning conditions created by the two groups, 193 students answered questions on complex,
everyday financial situations in four tests: a pretest, a posttest following the research lessons, and delayed posttests 6 weeks
and 6 months after instruction. The results showed that students in the learning study group outperformed their counterparts
in the lesson study group in all three post-lesson tests, and that the inter-group performance gap was maintained or widened
over time. 相似文献
17.
杰姆逊是当代美国名的马克思主义理论家、艺理论和美学家,在国际上和中国都有较大影响。长期以来,中国学术界不少人都把杰姆逊看成后现代主义的布道。本不同意这个看法,通过对杰姆逊在上世纪80年代、90年代初、21世纪初三个时期的代表性论全面分析,得出杰姆逊从来不是一个“张扬”后现代主义理论的后现代主义“布道”,而是始终对后现代主义抱有清醒、冷静、客观的批判态度的西方马克思主义的结论。 相似文献
18.
Judith Gill 《教育政策杂志》2013,28(5):453-467
This paper will trace the adoption of a policy of Social Inclusion in schools in one Australian state in terms of the way in which the policy direction, its discourses and adoption reflect a rhetoric of what Ball has labelled a ‘paradigm of convergence’. The analysis will show that the policy discourse, especially in its focus on school retention, appears to endorse the vision of a neo‐liberal entrepreneurial competitor as the educated product despite being initiated and implemented by a Labor state government within a rhetoric of community concern for social justice. The second part of the paper reports on the ways in which primary school leaders have responded to this policy which reflects some older educational discourses and is more in line with a prior version of a well‐run school and an inclusive society. 相似文献
19.
一花一世界,一叶一菩提,在生活事件和商品经营的每个故事和细节里都包含着常见的心理现象,也都蕴藏着对企业经营有所启发的道理。文章拟用一个故事引发一段思考的形式,以其深入浅出的奉献给经营者以有益的启示。 相似文献
20.
Birgit Brock-Utne 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2007,5(1):509-530
This article, drawing on a set of studies conducted in the framework of the Language of Instruction in Tanzania and South
Africa (LOITASA) research project, shows how well African students express themselves if they are allowed to use a familiar
African language, and conversely the difficulties they have when forced to use a foreign language, a language they hardly
hear and never use outside of school, as a language of instruction. A key finding of the research is that when the foreign
language, English in this case, is used, there is a much larger spread in test performance between students. This means that
a small group of students succeed while the vast majority sinks. The author therefore argues for working towards a goal whereby
African children like children in industrialized countries may study in their own language. Pursuing this goal should be a
centrepiece in poverty reduction strategies. 相似文献