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1.
随着世界高等教育的分化和大众化趋向的日益明显,对高等教育机构进行分类指导,使其分类发展,成为各国发展高等教育的理想追求,但也是一个世界性的难题.美国卡内基教学促进基金会在1973、1976、1987、1994、2000、2005年分别公布了对美国高等学校进行分类的标准,不断完善其分类体系,力图克服过分强调高校科研而忽视教学的弊端,摆脱被异化为排序工具的梦魇. 相似文献
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集中教师教育资源,促进教师教育能力适应基础教育改革发展——山东省探索“政府＋高校＋中小学”教师培养新模式,为提高教师队伍素质、办人民满意的教育提供人才支持和师资保障。2011年,山东省以财政每年资助2200万元标准启动“教师教育基地建设工程”。发挥高等学校、地方政府（教育行政部门）和中小学教师专业发展学校的积极性,建立起三方合作、共同育人的新机制。以设区市人民政府所在地的高等师范院校和从事教师教育的综合大学为依托,整合地方和高校资源。山东部署分期分批建设19个省级教师教育基地,以高等院校为龙头,形成涵盖初等教育学院及中学教育学院、职前培养与职后培训于一体的相对完整的地方教师教育体系。同时,整合县域内教研、电教等资源,建设100个县级教师教育基地,使其成为上挂高等学校,下联中小学校,“小实体、多功能、大服务”的县域现代教师学习与资源中心。2012年,全省原有23所中等师范学校基本完成与高等学校的资源整合,师范教育全部进入高等教育体系。 相似文献
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在高等教育改革过程中,高等教育结构的调整优化,高等学校分类体系的建立,势必涉及到高等学校的转型发展。高校的转型既是为了服从和适应国家关于高等教育的新布局,更是为了找寻自身更大的发展空间。同我国高等教育结构的调整和高校分类体系一样,高校的转型包括往哪转、怎么转,都应着眼于自身的长远发展,而不是随风跟潮、急功近利,或者是有转型之名而无转型之实,或者是转来转去反而失去自身的特点和优势。往哪转国家提出对高等教育结构进行调整与优化,建立高等学校分类体系,是推动高等学校转型的外在动因。转型发展,高校是主体。对于高等学校来说,必须为适应当前经济发展的战略调整实现转型,以培养市场所需的人才。 相似文献
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本文对长三角上海、江苏、浙江、安徽“十二五”以来省级政府关于高校分类发展的政策文本与改革实践进行了梳理分析。结果显示,“一市三省”已初步建立起各具特色的省域高校分类发展体系,省域高校正在向多元化的发展样态转变,逐步聚焦于差异化的目标定位,开始关注人们个性化的教育需求。但从国际化视角出发,与美国加州的经验相比,我国省级政府高等教育统筹权尚需进一步扩大,还应进一步激发高校分类发展的内生动力,完善不同类型院校间的融通机制。作为本土化应对策略,可以考虑以完善高等教育治理体系、健全高校分类发展政策体系、优化人才培养体系为关键突破口,加快推进我国省域高等学校分类发展改革。 相似文献
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我国高等教育已从精英教育走向了大众化教育。文章针对大众化教育的特点,在借鉴国内外有关高等学校分类情况的基础上,提出以市场为导向、以人才培养为目标的高等学校分类思想,充分考虑了高校人才培养、科学研究和社会服务三大职能,并对各类型高校的界定及其关联性进行分析。 相似文献
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高等学校本科教学工作水平评估充分认识到了本科教育在高等教育系统中的地位和本科教育质量问题.各高校应该以此为契机,重构本科教育,促进本科教育分类分层次发展.应根据学校定位、综合实力等确定本科教育类型研究型大学以学术型本科教育为主;教学型大学以应用型本科教育为主;教学研究型大学还应考虑到学科特点确定本科教育类型.在本科教育发展中应逐步建立分类评估体系,注意精英教育与大众教育的差异性和专业教育与通识教育的有机结合. 相似文献
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文章旨在通过对美国卡内基高等学校1973年版、1994年版、2000年版的分类法的形成、历年发展变化的介绍和比较分析,总结出美国高等学校分类的发展趋势,进而提出对我国高等学校分类的启示。 相似文献
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高等学校定位不清、特色不明、盲目升格、模式趋同现象一直影响和制约着我国高等教育的科学发展,因此,《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要》提出要"建立高校分类体系,实行分类管理",党的十八大报告进一步明确了高等教育的内涵式发展道路。而国家高等教育的强盛又是以地方高等教育的蓬勃多样为基础的,因此建立合理有序的省属高等学校分类体系显得日趋重要。由宋伯宁、宋旭红新著的《山东省高等学校分类研究》一书在省属高校分类研究中填补了国内研究的空白,有较高的理论价值和重要的实践指导意义。本书的主要特点有: 相似文献
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1994年以来,为应对教师数量的急剧增多,提升师资培训的质量与效益,南非政府颁布了多项教师教育新政策。这些新政策的颁布不仅解决了南非教师教育的多样化需求,同时建立了一个严格的管理和规范教师教育的体系。这是南非教育史上首次形成平等、多元、反种族隔离的师资培训新政策。 相似文献
11.
1994年新南非政府消除种族隔离制度之后,其高等教育发展迅速,其中私立高等院校的数量也有了大幅提高,与此同时,私立高等教育质量问题也受到了人们的关注。为此,南非政府出台了一系列政策和策略,进一步完善私立高等教育质量保障机制,以促进和提高私立高等教育质量。 相似文献
12.
汪开军 《湖州师范学院学报》2009,31(4):114-117
南非教师教育自产生以来就带有浓厚的种族隔离色彩.1994年新政府上台,取消种族隔离制度,自此南非教师教育走上了新的发展道路.后种族隔离时期,新政府对传统教师教育实施了一系列改革,出台了一系列的政策、法令,重组教师教育机构,转移教师教育责任,建立健全了一套教师教育质量保障体系和机制,并对新时期教师的能力和角色进行了重新定位.新政府的这一系列举措,凸现了后种族隔离时期南非教师教育公平、多元的特征. 相似文献
13.
ABSTRACT South African schools experience diverse access to educational technology. Further, South African educators have limited opportunities to attend educator professional development workshops focused on technology integration. These differences can have a tremendous impact on students’ educational experiences and educators’ levels of self-efficacy toward implementing technology in their school settings. To provide further support and training opportunities to educators in South African township schools, administrators are able to partner with nongovernmental organizations and institutions of higher education. This article provides an overview of South African educational contexts and how partnerships can be formed to provide educator support to integrate educational technology in township schools. 相似文献
14.
纵观历史,南非私立高等教育一直处于主流高等教育之外,在边缘地带发展.20世纪90年代后,在有利的政策环境和经济利益驱动下,主要借助公私高校伙伴关系,南非私立高校获得了新的发展机遇,但南非政府随之加大了对私立高校的监管,政府的政策干预在南非国内引发了激烈的争论. 相似文献
15.
Fulufhelo G. Netswera Neo Mathabe 《Journal of educational administration and history》2006,38(1):29-40
This paper reviews briefly the relationship between the South African government and higher education. This relationship, which has shaped the landscape of higher education, is looked at on the premise that public institutions depend to a large extent on government for funding and other resources, and as such there has been constant influence and interference in higher education affairs. Whereas under colonial rule, the relationship mimicked that of the Scottish and British universities, the postcolonial relationships had their own characteristics, emulating government policies under apartheid and confirming therefore the establishment of two‐tier university systems. Like most African countries, South Africa is currently faced with an immense task to bring together economic, social and political stability. This requires proactive national policies to develop particular skills and therefore a focused intervention and delivery within and through the institutions of higher education. 相似文献
16.
Globalisation and the curriculum: Proposals for the integration of education and training in South Africa 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Pam Christie 《International Journal of Educational Development》1996,16(4):407-416
In South Africa, the post-apartheid government has committed itself to an integrated approach to education and training. This article addresses South African policy debates, illustrating that global trends such as integration are shaped by significant local influences in the production of specific policy positions. The integration debate in South Africa reflects both equity and human resource development concerns, and is more fully developed in adult basic education and training than in formal post-compulsory education. The article analyses the proposals for integration as part of a complex policy agenda, arguing that the implementation of integration proposals will not be straightforward. This is due to the genesis of the integration debate in training rather than both education and training, its assumptions about economic development, and the contested nature of the policy process. 相似文献
17.
Education is one of the major linchpins of economic, social and political development of any nation. Recent evidence suggests that higher education can produce both public and private benefits. Thus, the role of the state in making education policy, and funding education is indeed critical, and cannot be left to be determined by market forces alone. Nevertheless, the trend of inadequate government funding for universities, loss of autonomy, infrastructural decay, falling academic standards, politicization and privatization of education, etc. appear to be a worldwide phenomenon and not just restricted to the developing world. South African higher education shows much promise with respect to knowledge production and dissemination, to contributing to social equity, economic and social development and democracy, and to the development needs of the Southern African region and the African continent. However, higher education in South Africa is under considerable stress from domestic and international trends that are redefining the nature and role of public sector post-secondary education (PSE) institutions worldwide. The paper will outline the role of PSE in the knowledge economy and the impact of the neoliberal context on the evolution of higher education in South Africa and the world. Given the significant developmental implications of investment in higher education, the authors argue that relegating this important public policy issue to the market forces is likely to promote inequality in the society, along with negative consequences for socio-political stability, economic sustainability, and knowledge generation. 相似文献
18.
《Africa Education Review》2013,10(1):28-41
Abstract One of the current international trends in educational reform is the devolution of decision-making powers from central government to school level. This trend is related to a move towards institutional autonomy, the so-called site-based (i.e. school-based) management of institutions, which refers to the issue of self-management of the institution. School-based management is no longer an option but, rather, a reality in South African education. Legislation and policy documents all point South Africa firmly towards a school-based system of education management. The new policy framework for decentralised decision-making is also embedded in the South African Schools Act 84 of 1996. This enables each school in South Africa to renew its management in a responsible and effective way. In spite of its widespread implementation, school-based management has locally received only moderate attention in terms of stakeholder participation and the impact of stakeholder values on the school-based management process. In response to this, this article is an attempt to incorporate a strategy to conceptualise stakeholder participation in school-based management and assess the impact of stakeholder values on the school-based management process. This philosophical review of the literature on school-based management also aims at raising and answering some of the questions about stakeholder participation and stakeholder values in school-based management in South Africa, where educational reform is the norm rather than the exception. 相似文献
19.
Yusef Waghid 《教育政策杂志》2013,28(5):455-464
My intention is to explore the link between globalization and higher education restructuring in South Africa and whether it looms as a threat to democracy. I contend that an argument can be made that the ascendancy of market-driven concerns in defining the restructuring of higher education in South Africa may have the effect whereby higher education institutions (universities and technikons) become subordinated to the demands of the market place, which situation in turn, can be detrimental to the consolidation of South Africa's newly found democracy. First, I argue that the restructuring of higher education according to the ‘logic of globalization’ would not necessarily minimize socio-economic inequality, thus providing a major barrier to the move towards deepening democracy. However, the economic, political and cultural effects of globalization as determinants of higher education restructuring in South Africa are not going to disappear, at least not for the immediate future. Already the South African government considers as a central feature of its economic policy the meeting of the ‘challenge of international competitiveness … (and) an inability to compete will increasingly marginalise the South African economy (and), have profound effects on its rate of growth and consequences for the social well-being and stability of South African society’ (CHE 2000a: 20) Second therefore, in order to safeguard and promote democracy, in spite of the market-bound trend, I assess some democratic prospects of a globalizing world in the restructuring of higher education. Like Jones (1998: 153), I contend that an argument can be made for achieving democracy in a sphere of corporate dominance if higher education is considered as a public good that allows space for the development of relations of trust, individual autonomy and democratic dialogue. 相似文献
20.
In the past few years, Africa has joined the rest of the world as an active participant in the Open Educational Resource (OER) movement with a number of home-grown and externally driven initiatives. These have the potential to make an immense contribution to teaching and learning in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, certain barriers prevent full participation. This paper reports on qualitative research that sought to investigate SSA's readiness to adopt OERs. This study involves three case studies based in higher education institutions involved in OER projects and located in Kenya, Uganda and South Africa. Contrary to the popular belief, findings indicate that low technological levels in Africa do not necessarily impede the adoption of such educational technologies; the real challenges facing the readiness to adopt OERs appear to be related to socio-economic, cultural, institutional and national issues. This paper argues for a complete mind shift in how people perceive OERs. It also proposes raising awareness of OERs at all levels, involving institutions and government, versioning OERs for the African context and conducting more research on OER adoption. 相似文献