共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 390 毫秒
1.
阅读理解监控能力的培养对于大学生英语阅读理解能力的提高和阅读理解教学的改革具有重要意义.在教学中培养学生阅读理解监控能力应从以下几方面努力:培养学生的目标意识;指导学生根据不同的任务变量选择并调整阅读策略;将阅读理解监控训练融入语言教学中去,从而提高英语阅读教学效果和学生的自主学习能力. 相似文献
2.
Chiara Meneghetti Barbara Carretti Rossana De Beni 《Learning and individual differences》2006,16(4):291-301
The aim of this study was to understand whether the reading comprehension process is better explained by a single or by multiple factors. 184 students (9 to 13 years old) were presented with a recently devised battery of tests, that measure ten aspects of reading comprehension. Structural equation modelling showed that a two factors model better accounts for the data compared to a one or a three factors model. Results confirmed the hypothesis which distinguishes between ‘basic’ and ‘complex’ aspects of reading comprehension. The second goal of the study was to analyze the relationship between the two-components model and scholastic achievement. Our results highlighted that the more ‘complex’ aspects of reading comprehension, reflecting some metacognitive knowledge and control processes, are the better predictors of scholastic achievement. 相似文献
3.
Findings from an analysis of the reading performances of three reading-disabled children provide a tentative answer to the controversial issue whether reading-disabled children have a language comprehension deficit or not. Of the three reading-disabled children studied, two were poor in language comprehension but had much better word-reading skill. The third disabled reader had superior listening comprehension but was poor in word-reading skill. The two good word-readers appear to use two different strategies, viz., grapheme—sound association and whole word-pronunciation asssociation to pronounce the written word. It is concluded that pronunciation and comprehension skills are two dissociable components of the reading process and that they follow separate courses of development. Case studies presented in this paper suggest that these two components can be affected independent of each other resulting in different types of reading disabilities. It is concluded that answer to the question whether poor readers are also deficient in language comprehension depends on the type of disabled readers investigated even though educational experience and severity of the reading problem can act as confounding factors.
相似文献
相似文献
4.
This paper reports two studies investigating the nature of comprehension deficits in a group of 7–8 year old children whose decoding skills are normal, but whose reading comprehension skills are poor. The performance of these poor comprehenders was compared to two control groups, Chronological-Age controls and Comprehension-Age controls. The first study examined whether these comprehension difficulties are specific to reading. On two measures of listening comprehension the poor comprehenders were found to perform at a significantly lower level than Chronological-Age controls. However, they did not differ from a group of younger children matched for reading comprehension skills. This indicates that the observed comprehension difficulties are not restricted to reading, but rather represent a general comprehension limitation. The second study investigated whether these comprehension difficulties can be explained in terms of a memory deficit. The short-term and working memory skills of these three groups were examined. The poor comprehenders did not differ from their Chronological-Age controls on either of these tasks. In conclusion, it is argued that working memory processes are not a major causal factor in the creation of the comprehension difficulties identified in the present group of poor comprehenders. 相似文献
5.
Working memory resources and children's reading comprehension 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Seigneuric Alix Ehrlich Marie-France Oakhill Jane V. Yuill Nicola M. 《Reading and writing》2000,13(1-2):81-103
Reading and Writing - Working memory capacity is described as a pool of limited resources that carry out processing and storage functions. Its role has been emphasised in adults' reading... 相似文献
6.
杨有成 《中国教育发展研究杂志》2007,4(3):86-86
阅读理解已成为语文考试的重中之重，在做阅读理解题时，必须掌握各种题型的特征及应对技巧．笔者就阅读理解中的各种题型和应对技巧作一个归纳和总结，以供大家参考。 相似文献
7.
戴兆国 《安徽师范大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2005,33(4):434-438
经验与知识是人类存在的基本依托,理解在经验与知识的积累中得以敞开。德性力量的可理解性消解了传统与历史学、历史与历史知识之间的抽象对立。理解作为超越存在者的运动,其历史性与道德性是相互关联的。在这两方面统一的情况下,历史中的个人道德力量的发挥才可以真正融入到历史发展的连续性过程之中。 相似文献
8.
Metacognition,comprehension monitoring,and the adult reader 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Linda Baker 《Educational Psychology Review》1989,1(1):3-38
This article provides an overview and synthesis of the current literature on metacognition and comprehension monitoring among adult readers. It is organized around three major research questions: (1) How do adults conceptualize their own comprehension-fostering and comprehension-monitoring activities? (2) How effectively do adults evaluate and regulate their ongoing efforts to understand? (3) How successfully do adults assess the final products of their comprehension efforts? Cutting across these broad issues are questions concerning metacognitive differences as a function of reading ability, academic success, domain expertise, developmental level, and task variables. The research reveals that adults' conceptions of how they comprehend and how they monitor their comprehension are quite variable. In general, those who have more expertise, who are better readers, and who are more successful students seem to have greater awareness and control of their own cognitive activities while reading. The research also reveals that adults evaluate and regulate their ongoing efforts to understand, although there is considerable room for improvement in these skills. Finally, the research shows that adults are remarkably unsuccessful at assessing how well they have comprehended a text and whether or not they are ready to take a test on the material. The article closes with a discussion of recent intervention efforts aimed at enhancing the metacognitive skills of adult readers. 相似文献
9.
王军 《齐齐哈尔师范高等专科学校学报》2007,(3):102-104
为了提高英语听力教学效果，教师在培养学生语言能力的同时，要重视启发和训练学生运用图式理论提高听力水平。本文以图式理论为理论框架，分析了听力理解的认知机制，并在此基础上探讨了图式理论在促进听力教学中的具体运用。 相似文献
10.
《The Journal of educational research》2012,105(5):615-626
AbstractAlthough readers theater has traditionally been recommended as a method for improving reading fluency, this 18-week quasi-experimental study examined the effects of a readers theater instructional protocol that updates and expands on traditional approaches by adding specific tasks that engage students in various reading comprehension and vocabulary activities. Because the students were not randomly assigned to either condition, propensity score matching was used to minimize potential bias between the groups. After the matching procedure, the overall total of second-grade students decreased from 145?to 76. A repeated-measures analysis of variance was conducted for all three measures. The results revealed statistically significant time effects on all three measures of the Gates-MacGinitie Reading Test, including decoding, word knowledge, and reading comprehension. Only the reading comprehension measure was qualified by an interaction effect, and the results favored the readers theater treatment group. Implications for instruction and future research are discussed. 相似文献
11.
This study aims to investigate a construct of reading comprehension of geometry proof (RCGP). The research aims to investigate
(a) the facets composing RCGP, and (b) the structure of these facets. Firstly, we conceptualize this construct with relevant
literature and on the basis of the discrimination between the logical and the epistemic meanings of an argument, then assemble
the content of RCGP from literature and propose a hypothetical model of RCGP. Secondly, mathematicians and mathematics teachers
are interviewed for their ideas on reading mathematical proof in order to enrich the content of RCGP. Adapting the phases
of reading comprehension in language, the content of RCGP is classified into six facets. Lastly, these facets are structured
using the hypothetical model and then justified by students’ performance in the facets of RCGP using the multidimensional
scaling method. The results sustain that the structure of facets can be characterized by this conceptualized model. 相似文献
12.
13.
In the present study the mainfocus is on the impact of phonologicalawareness on reading comprehension. The studyinvolved 1300 children in Grade 1. Syllableawareness, phoneme awareness, word decodingand reading comprehension were each assessedwith two or three subtests. The results wereanalyzed by structural modeling. Due to themarked skewness observed for some of themanifest variables, separate analyses wereperformed for students with average worddecoding performance and for students with poorword decoding. Both among average and poordecoders, phonological awareness had a directimpact on reading comprehension, indicatingthat phonological factors play an independentrole in the processing of text. One possibleway to explain this observation is that atleast two critical factors in comprehension,vocabulary and short-term memory, are bothdetermined in part by phonological ability. Itmight also be the case that phonologicalawareness partly reflects metacognitiveprocesses assumed to be involved in readingcomprehension. 相似文献
14.
In two experiments, we attempted to analyze the effects of newspaper article headlines and summaries on final comprehension and recall. During the first experiment, the participants consisted of 117 high school students from the 9th grade, 68 from the 11th grade, 79 first year Psychology students from the Autonoma University of Madrid and 66 fifth year Journalism students from the Complutense University of Madrid. The subjects were randomly required to read a news report in one of the following experimental conditions: (1) the whole news article (headline, summary and text), (2) the headline and text, (3) the summary and text, and (4), the text only. The data from immediate and delayed free recall tasks were recorded. The results showed that the structure of the news article did not influence the recall and that there were differences among groups in the amount and quality of recall. The headline and the summary modified by the use of macrostructural criteria constituted additional elements introduced into the second experiment to provide a contrast with the original headline and summary. The results showed that an improvement in article recall did occur with the modified version in comparison with the original version. These two experiments have confirmed that the aims and criteria of journalists differ from those held by the authors of scientific texts and question whether the reading strategies applied are the same in both cases. 相似文献
15.
何莉 《重庆第二师范学院学报》2006,19(2):105-107
学习语言一个十分重要的目的就是同活生生的人进行交际。听作为人类言语交际方式之一,在信息剧增、国际交流日益频繁的今天更具有重要意义。因此,如何提高英语听力始终为人们所关注。初学者要真正掌握一门外语,必须尽快提高自己的听力水平。首先要教给学生学习方法,制定相应的策略,把重点放在培养和提高学生听力理解的能力上。 相似文献
16.
刘列斌 《湖北广播电视大学学报》2004,21(1):47-48
逻辑连接词是衔接的一种主要方式,能实现语篇的连贯。本文分析了逻辑连接词作为一种语篇衔接手段在阅读理解中的作用。文章首先解释了逻辑连接词的定义及分类,接着论述其在阅读理解两个方面的作用即对阅读策略的影响和阅读速度、效果的影响。文章最后进一步强调逻辑连接词在阅读理解及其主要问题中的极强解释力。 相似文献
17.
比较理论认为,隐喻理解始于辨认其中的比较,然後按本义比较方式理解。Glucksberg和Keysar（1990）提出,隐喻是范畴包容性断言,本体被归于一个用喻体命名的临时范畴。本文举证支持了这一模型。另一问题涉及Lakoff和Johnson（1980）提出的概念隐喻。Gibbs（1992）坚持认为,隐喻是长时记忆中的概念映射的实现,隐喻理解利用概念隐喻。范畴包容模型认为,隐喻理解无需调用概念隐喻。本文论证,概念隐喻是在隐喻理解後被认识的,其作用是解释隐喻的系统性。结论：比较过程和概念隐喻在隐喻理解申没有被使用。隐喻理解是一种范畴化过程,把本体归于一个喻体代表的上级范畴,井把喻体的特性赋予本体。 相似文献
18.
Children's difficulties in reading comprehension 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Jane Oakhill 《Educational Psychology Review》1993,5(3):223-237
This paper outlines a number of studies that have investigated the difficulties experienced by children who have a specific comprehension problem: Those who have adequate word recognition skills but who, nevertheless, have difficulty understanding text. In the studies I will discuss, the performance of a group of skilled comprehenders was compared with that of a less-skilled group. The first set of studies show that the poor comprehenders have difficulty in integrating information in a text and in making inferences. A further set of studies suggests that, although such children do not have any straightforward short-term memory problem, they may have difficulty in holding and manipulating information in working memory as they are reading. A final study shows that the comprehension of the less-skilled children can be improved by a series of short training sessions that stress making inferences and integrating information in text. This finding suggests that a working-memory deficit may only be one aspect of the less-skilled comprehenders' problem. 相似文献
19.
图式理论与第二语言听力教学 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
高霞 《楚雄师范学院学报》2003,18(2):41-43
听力课是第二语言教学中必不可少的组成部分，但是对第二语言学习者来说，却往往是最难掌握和提高最慢的一项技能，尤其是对标准语速的语段或语篇的录音材料，学生常常难以听懂。为提高学生的听力水平，本文试从人类的认知模式出发，对运用图式理论与英语或对外汉语听力教学结合等方面进行探讨。 相似文献
20.