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1.
美国移民入学政策的制定和修改是服务于国家以及各州的经济文化和政治需要的。在不同的时期和不同的州,其政策都不完全一样。美国对待不同类型的移民申请进入本土的大学或学院,一直以来采取区别对待的政策,以便在高等教育方面实现人才吸纳与经济效益两者兼顾的目的。有些州规定:从本州高中毕业的非法移民学生享受州公立高校系统内部的收费政策;有些州不允许非法移民子女进入公立高校系统;其他州的非法移民支付比州立大学系统标准高得多的费用,甚至是海外留学生的标准。 相似文献
2.
邵宁 《河北师范大学学报(教育科学版)》2014,(6)
尽管在政府和社会的努力下,中美流入地主流社会让渡了一部分的教育资源给各自的非主流社会成员——中国农民工子女和美国非法移民子女,但是他们的基础教育与高等教育与主流社会成员仍然不对等。从制度安排、文化差异与利益争夺角度探讨中美流动人口子女在流入地社会遭受教育排斥的原因,通过借鉴美国反针对非法移民子女教育排斥的经验,为中国农民工子女面临的教育排斥问题提出解决的建议。 相似文献
3.
农民工随迁子女高中教育成为继义务教育之后的一个亟须解决的问题。流入地政府的教育政策是决定农民工随迁子女能否在流入地平等地接受高中教育的制度因素。当前涉及农民工随迁子女高中教育问题的政策可从三个维度划分为四种类型,总体上来看,这些政策保守性特征凸显。对高考移民的担忧、高中教育资源供求失衡和高等教育机会分配地方化是造成保守性教育政策的成因。政策制定方式被动、政策本身缺失公平、政策执行效果不确定是当前农民工随迁子女高中教育政策的现状。 相似文献
4.
20世纪60年代以后,美国的移民政策开始宽松,非法移民的数量也随之增多,其子女的受教育问题自然成为社会关注的焦点。《民权法案》《普勒莱法案》保证了所有学生都可以接受平等的基础教育,而在高等教育问题上,非法移民学生的发展却遭遇了瓶颈。在此背景下,《梦想法案》2001年得以问世,到今天已经是第14个年头,但由于受到众多阻挠,该法案真正成为法律还有待时日,非法移民学生获得公平的高等教育权及其寻求合法权益之路仍然困难重重。 相似文献
5.
孙立新顾兴强 《宁波大学学报(教育科学版)》2014,(2):94-099
20世纪60年代以后,美国的移民政策开始宽松,非法移民的数量也随之增多,其子女的受教育问题自然成为社会关注的焦点。《民权法案》《普勒莱法案》保证了所有学生都可以接受平等的基础教育,而在高等教育问题上,非法移民学生的发展却遭遇了瓶颈。在此背景下,《梦想法案》2001年得以问世,到今天已经是第14个年头,但由于受到众多阻挠,该法案真正成为法律还有待时日,非法移民学生获得公平的高等教育权及其寻求合法权益之路仍然困难重重。 相似文献
6.
由于美国高等教育阶段学费不断上涨,美国许多州拟启动得州学费承诺投资项目,得州实施的该项目将允许所有得州居民按现在高等教育缴费情况为子女将来接受高等教育预缴学费。 相似文献
7.
8.
纽约市高中有公立和私立两种，其中在私立高中就学的多为经济条件好、收入高的家庭的子女，在公立学校就学的一般为收入较低家庭及移民（尤其是非法移民）家庭的子女。一般来说，私立高中的总体条件以及教育质量要优于公立高中。 相似文献
9.
美国是一个典型的移民国家,不断涌入的移民不仅推动了美国社会的发展,而且给美国社会带来了一些压力。本文主要探讨了移民子女在美国的教育情况,并以北卡罗来纳州格林斯伯勒多莱斯哈得森移民学校为例,从观察者的角度看待移民学校的优势和不足。 相似文献
10.
《语数外学习(高中版)》2014,(9)
正重视基础教育、不断扩大学生的知识领域成为美国教育的一个特色,文理兼容、跨学科发展使学生的才智得到最大量的发挥。"有教无类"的教育体系美国的普通教育和高等教育形成了"有教无类"的教育体系。美国全国已普及了12年的义务教育,高中毕业生只要有意愿,基本上都可以上大学。法律规定,家长有责任使自己的子女完成从小学到高中的学业。因此,美国高中学生升大学的压力不是很大,但在进入名牌大学上竞争却是 相似文献
11.
This paper examines how a reduction in the cost of college for undocumented students affects college enrollment and adolescent risky behaviors. Prior to 2001, undocumented students in the United States faced high out-of-state tuition costs at public colleges and universities. From 2001 to 2014, twenty-one states passed in-state tuition policies, reducing the average cost of college by more than half for these students. To the extent that teens are forward-looking and aware that lower tuition increases the likelihood of attending college, this price reduction should decrease the incidence of risky behavior during adolescence among the undocumented. Exploiting the variation in timing of in-state tuition policies across states and using Mexican foreign-born non-citizenship as a proxy for undocumented status, I find that these policies increase college enrollment by about 1.2 percentage points (12% of the sample mean), decrease high school dropout incidence by about 5 percentage points for female youth (27% of the sample mean), and decrease the likelihood of first birth before age 20 by 2 percentage points (9% of the sample mean). 相似文献
12.
Dennis A. KramerII Justin C. Ortagus T. Austin Lacy 《Research in higher education》2018,59(4):489-518
The notion of merit-aid is not a new development in higher education. Although previous researchers have demonstrated the impact of state-adopted merit-aid funding on student decision-making, fewer studies have examined institutional pricing responses to broad-based merit-aid policies. Using a generalized difference-in-difference approach, we extend previous empirical work by examining the impact of merit-aid on institutional pricing strategies while considering both the institution’s tuition-setting authority and the relative strength of the merit-aid program. In this study, we find that colleges and universities with the authority to set their own tuition increased their in-state tuition and fees following broad-based merit-aid policy adoption; however, institutions with state-controlled tuition-setting authority respond to broad-based merit-aid policies by lowering their in-state tuition and fees. Our findings suggest that the incentives and dynamics of each state’s policy environment are significant determinants of institutional responses to state-level policy adoptions. 相似文献
13.
远程开放教育作为高等教育的新型模式,在核算教育成本和制定学费标准方面尚缺乏科学、充分的理论与实践依据。在教育部对天津电大试点项目进行总结性评估的过程中,凸显了天津地区远程开放教育学费偏低,已不适应开放教育的推行和发展。本文在充分调研的基础上,从理论上分析开放教育成本与教育收费的市场性,提出收费的客观依据,对制定我市合理的收费标准、规范收费行为提供决策参考。 相似文献
14.
Dae-Kyoo Kim Dongwon Jeong Lunjin Lu Debatosh Debnath Hua Ming 《Computer Science Education》2013,23(4):371-389
The need for computing education in the K-12 curriculum has grown globally. The Republic of Korea is not an exception. In response to the need, the Korean Ministry of Education has announced an outline for software-centric computing education in the K-12 system, which aims at enhancing the current computing education with software emphasis. In this paper, we review the outline from a higher education perspective and provide insights into its constructive improvement based on our experience in computer science education in higher education and a study of global initiatives on computing education. We also consider the social environment for computing education in Korea. In the proposed implementation, we first discuss goals for software-centric computing education and identify areas of focus. The identified areas are discussed in terms of topics to be covered and appropriate exposure of knowledge depth in the three levels in the Korean K-12 system. We then discuss necessary preparations for the success of the plan from academic, governmental and social perspectives. 相似文献
15.
This paper examines increasing privatisation of education in the province of British Columbia, Canada. Conceptually, the paper is informed by theories of privatisation and social justice; and methodologically, it uses policy analysis to examine documents and financial records obtained from government departments. The paper critically analyses education policy that has enabled the emergence of private sources of revenue (tuition fees and for-profit revenue) and the establishment of school and programme choice. Analysis of levels of international student tuition generated by school districts in the province reveals differential capacity to produce such revenue. The authors argue that this differential capacity is leading to the development of a fourth tier within a pre-existing three-tier K-12 education system in British Columbia. The article concludes with a discussion of implications related to social justice in education. 相似文献
16.
Lai Ha Yuen 《International Journal of Early Years Education》2019,27(1):20-33
The immigrant population in Hong Kong is steadily increasing every year. This immigrant population largely comprises families, most of whom have pre-school and school-age children. However, limited information is known on the practices that immigrant parents adopt when they become involved in their children’s schooling. In the present study, the researcher implemented a Quality Education Fund project called ‘Building a caring community: Family support and empowerment.’ The project aimed to promote parent education and to build a caring community by implementing a group parent education program (GPEP) for low-income and new immigrant parents. The parent leaders conducted an outreach parent education program in which the low-income, new immigrant parents (target parents) had their children enrolled in two kindergartens. The parent leaders imparted parenting knowledge, shared positive parenting strategies, and exchanged their own experiences with target parents. The present research aims to study how new immigrant parents evaluate their experiences and the effectiveness of the GPEP. Results suggest that providing opportunities for mutual support and emotional healing correlates with improved parenting attitudes and practices. 相似文献
17.
Despite the 1982 Plyler v. Doe decision guaranteeing education for undocumented children, access appears to be under threat as some states and localities reconsider existing policy. The basis of these attitudes should be better understood. We are unaware of research that has examined nativist sentiment as a predictor of attitudes toward education policy for children. Using data from the 2006 Immigration Survey from the Pew Hispanic Center we consider the influence of cultural and economic nativism on attitudes toward education access for immigrant children. Findings show that certain measures of both forms of nativism predict opposition to education access. 相似文献
18.
周玉芝 《课程.教材.教法》2012,(6):120-124
新版K-12科学教育框架的出台表明美国拉开了新一轮科学教育改革的序幕。美国新版K-12科学教育框架主要特点:聚焦于核心概念的科学教学、工程与科学相提并论、知行合一的"实践"和整体化设计。结合我国当前基础教育阶段科学教学存在的问题,阐释了我们应该从美国新版K-12科学教育框架借鉴的教学改革理念与做法。 相似文献
19.
研究生教育是准公共产品,基于准公共产品第二种定义所提出的方案主张研究生学费定价和财政补贴可分立操作.研究生学费可首先单独建立在研究生教育是私人产品基础上,学费是学校根据学生需求和劳动力市场需求所确定的市场化价格,生均成本在市场中确定并且不高于学费;同时,针对不同学校、不同专业所产生的不同外部性,政府有针对性地单独用财政进行补贴以保证某种外部性的充足供给.竞争市场对私人收益和外部性的恰当反映成为确定学费与财政资助的依据.此方案将学费和生均成本决定权交给市场(学费等于生均成本),而将财政资助决定权保留给政府,财政资助成为对成本的分担.本文以比较的方法对美国华盛顿州正在实践中的宏观研究生学费定价政策进行了分析. 相似文献
20.
论我国高等教育成本分担制度下的教育公平问题--兼论高校贫困生的入学保障 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
邓彧 《成都教育学院学报》2005,19(8):56-58,72
教育公平是公平概念在教育领域的延伸,它是衡量一个社会教育发展和文明程度的重要指标.在舒尔茨提出的人力资本理论和D·布鲁斯·约翰斯通提出的高等教育成本分担理论得到国际社会的广泛认可并作为我国的一项制度将在未来继续实施的情况下,贫困生因没有能力承担高等教育费用而出现的各种问题无疑是时教育公平的巨大挑战,这也使得如何在高等教育成本分担制度下更好地保证贫困生接受高等教育成为一个举足轻重的问题. 相似文献