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1.
我国大学基层学术组织学术权力的构建 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
正确处理好大学组织结构中行政权力与学术权力的关系是我国当前大学制度改革要解决的主要问题之一。基层组织是大学学术权力存在的重要部门,充分关注基层组织的学术权力是现代大学制度改革的一个主要方向。本文主要从现代大学制度建设的层面考察我国大学基层学术组织学术权力的特征和变革路径,通过对基层学术组织合理的权力配置,构建充分关注教师群体学术权力和教师个体学术权力的基层权力主体。 相似文献
2.
大学除行政组织外，还存在另一种组织，即学术组织。本文借鉴组织学理论及学习型组织理论，从分析我国大学学术组织面临的问题入手；阐述了大学学术组织改革的方向，一是旨在提高大学的学术水平和学术地位，二是重视和有效发挥基层学术组织的作用，三是要给基层学术组织更大的权力与自由；提出了大学学术组织改革的方略，一是进一步下移管理重心创建新的学术管理平台，二是把基层学术组织建设成学习型组织，三是学术组织的改革必须体现现代大学的管理理念。 相似文献
3.
浅析现代大学制度的基层学术组织重构 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基层学术组织是现代大学制度建设的重心。根据现代大学制度建设的要求,基层学术组织应遵循教学与科研兼顾、学科分化与学科综合相统一、学术权力与行政权力协调以及资源配置责权对等的原则。为此,需要重构基层学术组织结构和创新组织运行机制。 相似文献
4.
大学基层学术组织是大学的基本运行单位,在大学的学术活动中具有重要的地位.为了解重庆市属教学研究型大学基层学术组织现状,本项目组对7所市属高校基层学术组织进行了问卷调查,结果显示:重庆市属教学研究型大学基层学术组织存在结构单一,制度僵化;运行不畅,缺乏生机;学术功能弱化、行政化倾向严重等问题.为了促进重庆地方大学现代大学制度建设,应重视大学基层学术组织建设,增强基层学术组织活力,优化基层学术组织管理. 相似文献
5.
大学学术创新与组织创新 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
大学学术创新需要进行组织创新。利于学术创新的组织特征表现为自由性、共生性和自组织性。我国大学基层尚存在诸多不利于学术创新的组织因素,大学学术创新决定了对基层学术组织发生变革的要求。大学基层学术组织要通过组织结构的扁平化和矩阵型建设、学术权力的基层倾斜和管理的伦理化改革为学术创新发展扫除障碍。 相似文献
6.
高校学术组织结构活力关系到大学科技创新能力的提高及其在创新型国家建设中作用的发挥。本文对我国高校学术组织结构中基层学术组织形式的缺陷进行了剖析,结合创新型学术组织的组织要素和基本特征,提出高校学术组织结构改革的思考与对策。 相似文献
7.
大学自治在西方发达国家主要是大学内部基层学术组织自治,权力重心集中在学院或讲座层面.在我国现有法制环境中,研究大学自治从外部自治转向内部自治具有积极的现实意义.我国在设计现代大学制度时,应着重考虑激活学院的办学自主性、能动性和积极性,使学院成为权力重心.基层学术组织自治符合按学科办大学的逻辑和我国教育法治精神,还可以提高大学运行效率. 相似文献
8.
大学行政权力与学术权力的分离:三级组织二级管理模式 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
大学里同时存在行政权力和学术权力,这两种权力的配置和运作对于大学学术活动的开展具有重要影响。基于三级组织二级管理架构的大学行政权力和学术权力配置与运作的模式,可在学院层面分离行政权力与学术权力,把行政管理工作集中在学院,把学术管理工作下放到系。在此基础上,在三级组织体系下分别实现校—院两级的行政管理和校院—系两级的学术管理,使行政权力和学术权力落在不同的作用面上。由此从系统架构和制度安排上避免两种权力的互相干扰,保证各自的高效运作。 相似文献
9.
大学内部管理体制改革不仅仅限于人事和薪酬制度,基层学术组织结构的创新对于我国研究型大学跻身世界之林具有重大意义。本文从大学基层学术组织建设的历史沿革出发,通过对大学基层组织的功能进行分析,提出了大学基层学术组织的结构设计思路。 相似文献
10.
剑桥大学通过大学章程对学术组织进行了体系化建构,即以规范职责职能为路径,形成分层分类的学术组织框架体系;以申报审批程序的严格执行为载体,形成“相对分离”的学术权力运行路径;以多样化组织形式建设为基础,形成多元学术治理主体参与的协同治理模式.对我国高校大学章程与大学学术组织建设的重要启示：明晰学术组织职责职能,强化学术组织建构的“体系化”;严格学术事务申报审批程序,强化学术权力运行的“相对独立化”;加强基层学术组织建设,保障学术治理主体的“多元化”. 相似文献
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12.
Laser welding is an established manufacturing technology for a large variety of automotive applications due to its attractive properties such as low heat input, high precision and fast welding speed. Especially when welding high strength steels, which are dominantly used in today＇s car body construction, the low heat input by laser welding bears significant advantages with regard to the properties of the weld seam. The exploitation of the full application potential of laser welding in mass production requires an appropriate manufacturing concept and corresponding auxiliary technologies. The present paper demonstrates the integration of laser welding into the surrounding manu- facturing concepts by a modular setup with different levels of automation. This approach offers flexible solutions for individual needs thereby optimizing investment cost, labor cost and productivity. Recently available laser sources enable exceptionally high welding speed on thin gauged sheet metals but require efficient material handling con- cepts to utilize the full speed potential. Industrial concepts are presented offering efficient material handling and high process robustness for mass production welding. 相似文献
13.
Ruben Jans Ria Bollen 《美中教育评论》2008,5(7):36-40
Employees in technical firms, like garages, need more and more formations. Due to the very fast innovation in technology, lifelong learning is a real need for these labour forces. On the other hand, there are the needed formations very specialized and expensive. Another problem employers faced in these economical sectors in Western Europe is the lack of candidates. Also in secondary education schools, the wide interest for these formations is decreasing. One of the factors causes this problem is that schools don＇t have enough money for investing in new and high-tech machines. Therefore two interreg projects were submitted and approved for financing. Interreg is an initiative of the European Union meant for the permanent development of the ＂European Space＂. The third phase of interreg means enhancing the economic and social cohesion within the European Union. In this paper, we describe two successful projects, namely Autoweb and V@K, which try to help employers, employees, schools and students to keep up with the high-tech innovations with a workplace-based e-learning program. 相似文献
14.
Dennis Ping-Cheng Wang 《美中教育评论》2008,5(9):32-41
Movement activities can be used to integrate with any other curriculum in childhood education. The movements can inspire the sense of rhythmic concepts for children. This study aims at investigating how children can be motivated and inspired rhythmically by body movement through Dalcroze approach. In this research, the author revealed how physical movements can motivate children＇s potential sense of rhythm and inspire children＇s interest of musical rhythmic concepts learning. The study was conducted with 1000 primary school 6th grade students from twenty primary schools in Taipei, Taiwan. These 1000 6th grade students have the same age, same music syllabus and have equally same music training at their schools. The 1000 students were divided into two equal groups, one having different activities of body movements at school, and the other without. The different activities included tapping, swinging, clapping, turning, and stamping simple rhythms. The experiments consisted two parts which were rhythm dictation and improvisational skills. All the participants were equally given the pre-test and post-test as evidences of progress of the experiment, and the researcher then compared with the differences of the two tests of the two groups before and after the experiment to see if there were any progress in their learning of musical rhythms. The study lasted 6 months and consisted of three stages： observation, comparison, and analysis. The author observed and compared the two groups of students, analyzed the results and found out that the two groups demonstrated obvious differences in their degree of progress on learning of musical rhythms. 相似文献
15.
阮幼丽 《宁德师专学报(自然科学版)》2008,20(2):213-215
由于基础设施的限制,农村中学学生视野较窄,但他们所处的生活环境中生物资源丰富多彩．农村中学生物教学可利用得天独厚的自然资源,促进教学,激发学生的学习兴趣,引导学生更好地学习生物,认识生物资源与人们生活的密切关系,促进学生的资源保护意识,培养高尚的情操。 相似文献
16.
Renee N. Jefferson Liz W. Arnold 《美中教育评论》2009,6(3):61-66
The perceived advantages and disadvantages of courses taught in online and face-to-face learning environments were explored for students taking an accounting and a data collection and analysis course. Both courses were taught in a face-to-face learning environment at the main or satellite campus. It was hypothesized that there would be statistically significant differences in the perceived advantages and disadvantages of courses taught in online and face-to-face learning environments. Results showed statistically significant differences between perceived advantages and disadvantages for both learning environments. Findings suggest that there are differences between the perception of advantages and disadvantages for online and face-to-face learning environments. 相似文献
17.
Darra Pace Diane Schwartz 《美中教育评论》2008,5(12):20-26
The inclusion of students with disabilities at the university is a relatively new occurrence in the field of special education. Although legislation in the United States has supported the acceptance of students with disabilities at the post-secondary level, it has only provided minimal support with the emphasis on the learner rather than the curriculum. Now we are looking for multiple ways for students to access learning and demonstrate mastery. Universal Design for Learning （UDL） is currently seen as a means to reconceptionalize curriculum. This study examines the experience of four professors and their effort to use a Classroom Performance System （CPS） as part of reformatting their courses using UDL. The Center for Applied Special Technology, CAST （2001） states that the goal of Universal Design for Learning is to develop teaching methods that enable all students with diverse learning needs, including those with disabilities and cultural differences, to have equal access to classroom curriculum. This paradigm shift echoes the move in special education from a deficit model to a minority rights model put forward by Hahn （1989）, and which is the basis of inclusive educational philosophy. Together inclusion and UDL create learning environments that strive to serve all students. This research describes the implementation of clickers as part of the CPS program in college courses in a special education teacher preparation program. The case study demonstrates how technology can provide access for all learners with positive outcomes such as increased participation and application of knowledge. It also illustrates some of the difficulties in making this pedagogical paradigm shift particularly in the use of technology, and the value of overcoming the existing barriers in place. 相似文献
18.
Christian Harteis Tina Koc Barbara Morgenthaler 《美中教育评论》2008,5(1):68-80
Intuition usually is defined as the capability to act or decide appropriately without deliberately and consciously balancing alternatives, without following a certain rule or routine, and possibly without awareness （Gigerenzer, 2007; Hogarth, 2001; Klein, 2003; Myers, 2002）. It allows action which is quick （e.g. reaction to a challenging situation） and surprising, in the sense that it is extraordinary in performance level or shape. This paper reports theories of intuition and their empirical evidence in the field of professional work. It aims at reporting the state of research on intuition, discussing the relevance of different approaches for analyzing work performance, and describing challenges for future empirical research in the domain of professional working life. 相似文献
19.
概念图在高中生物复习总结中应用的初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
陈敏 《宁德师专学报(自然科学版)》2008,20(1):92-94
高中生物复习课教学是师生双方从新的视角对所学知识进行系统梳理、深化、拓宽及灵活应用的教与学的过程．应用概念图可以有效地组织课程内容,激发学生自主构建生物学知识体系,使知识概括化、网络化,并能灵活地迁移． 相似文献
20.
TURAL DINCER Gvner AKDENIZ Ali Rlza 《美中教育评论》2008,5(12):54-59
There are many factors influence the level of students＇ achievement in education. Studies show that one of these factors is ＂learning approach of a student＂. Research findings generally have identified two approaches of learning： deep and surface. When a student uses the deep approach, he/she has an intrinsic interest in subject matter and is interested in ideas and conclusions to understand the subject matter. When a student employs the surface approach, he/she merely memorizes knowledge to pass any exam in school. The aim of this study is to determine learning approaches of science student teachers and to examine the relationships among the variables, such as level of students＇ class and gender. The sample of this study consists of 108 student teachers from the Science Education Program at Department of Primary Science Education in Karadeniz Technical University. Approaches to learning of science student teachers are assessed using the Revised Two-factor Study Process Questionnaire （R-SPQ-2F）, a scale developed by Biggs, et al （2001） consisting of 20 items on a 5 point Likert Scale. According to findings, science student teachers generally have deep learning approaches. Moreover, learning approaches of science student teachers have not changed related to gender. 相似文献