共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 984 毫秒
1.
John Ulimwengu Ousmane Badiane 《The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension》2013,19(4):399-411
Abstract The paper examines the impact of farmers’ educational attainment on agricultural productivity. More specifically, it evaluates how farmers with vocational training perform compared to those with traditional educational training. A stochastic production frontier and inefficiency effects model is estimated using nationally representative household survey data to analyze the relationship between farmers’ educational attainment and agricultural productivity in Vietnam, while controlling for factors such as gender and farmers’ health status. The results indicate higher returns to vocational training in terms of its impact on raising agricultural productivity, as compared to primary and secondary education. Our findings confirm that significant productivity and welfare gains can be achieved through the promotion of education schemes tailored to the specific technical needs of smallholder or poor farmers. The lack of impact from primary and secondary education signals the need to adjust the curricula of nontraditional educational programmes in rural areas to respond to the technical and other skill needs of farmers. In other words, one general curriculum for everyone may not reap the highest returns to primary and secondary education investment in the context of countries with large farming populations. The originality of the paper resides also in the use of disaggregated education data in terms of formal and non-formal education. In addition, unlike previous studies, the production frontier function and the inefficiency segment are jointly estimated using a one step maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) procedure which guarantees both consistency and efficiency for estimated parameters. 相似文献
2.
Sabine Gralka Klaus Wohlrabe Lutz Bornmann 《Journal of Higher Education Policy & Management》2019,41(3):322-341
An ongoing debate in the literature on the efficiency of higher education institutions concerns the indicator for research output for use in empirical analysis. While several studies have chosen to use the number of publications as this indicator, others rely on the amount of research grants. The present study investigates whether both measures lead to a similar assessment of universities. In addition, the number of publications belonging to the 10% and 1% most frequently cited papers in the corresponding subject category and publication year are evaluated. We show that there is a high correlation of efficiency values between the estimations using these indicators. This correlation is slightly higher when the efficiency values result from a data envelopment analysis than when they are determined with a stochastic frontier analysis. The results of this study provide helpful guidelines for researchers evaluating the efficiency of universities and are valueable for decision-makers in science policy. 相似文献
3.
The measurement of teaching efficiency of Italian universities has become a topic of much interest and debate in recent years. The aim of this study is to fully explore the potential of panel data in the analysis of teaching efficiency both by modelling human capital formation in the university as a series of sub-processes and by using various models to account for observed and unobserved factors which generate heterogeneity. The new approach for estimating a stochastic frontier model based on the Generalized Maximum Entropy method provides further insights into the measurement of university teaching performance. The evolution of efficiency throughout the entire study period was also analyzed. 相似文献
4.
以中国电力工业为例提出一种算法 ,以解决随机前沿面模型中的计算问题 .通过Matlab语言采用最大似然估计法对随机前沿面模型中的σ和λ进行了估计 ,进而通过计算得到了部分省份电力工业的技术效率 ,计算结果总体上反映了电力工业中不同电力公司的生产经营状况 ,即技术效率高的是那些成功建立现代企业制度的电力公司 相似文献
5.
马玉华 《昆明师范高等专科学校学报》2012,(1):82-87
民国时期的边疆概念包括地理边疆、政治边疆、文化边疆、经济边疆等多层含义。边政有广义和狭义之分：广义的边政指边疆政治,就是管理边疆民族的公众事务,包括边疆政策、边疆政制、边政机构、边疆行政等;狭义的边政,是专指边疆行政,即对边疆地区进行的管理和治理。边政学是研究边疆政治的专门学问。中国边政学的诞生有三个标志,即吴文藻先生《边政学发凡》的发表、中国边政学会的成立和《边政公论》的创办。 相似文献
6.
Administrative staff are a crucial human capital input in tertiary education institutions. Given the substantial investment in recruitment and selection of administrative staff, efficient and effective use of these staff affects the organisational and financial performance of universities. Whereas much concern has been placed on the performance of academic staff, the ability of a university to obtain an optimal level of administrative staff has not been addressed. This paper investigates whether the usage capacity of administrative staff is maximised in Vietnamese universities. Vietnam has implemented several education reform policies with the aim to improve the standing of its universities in the world’s education market. The process is not only about obtaining and delivering good education quality, but also efficiently using human resources to reach optimal performance and sustainable development. Employing the stochastic frontier input requirement model with data on 112 Vietnamese universities, we examine the presence of excess administrative capacity in these universities, given the existing student outputs and other input resources. We find that, on average, the level of excess administrative capacity is 3.4%, implying an economic loss in universities. In addition, under the analysis of determinants of the variances of the inefficiency effects and the error terms in the input-requirement function, our findings reveal that excess administrative capacity varies according to location and ownership. Some policy implications are discussed to address excess capacity of administrative staff in the Vietnamese context and some key lessons learned for the rest of the world. 相似文献
7.
我国工业企业技术进步的随机前沿模型分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文运用我国大中型工业企业1995-2002年期间的年度企业数据,在随机前沿生产函数模型分析框架内系统地研究了37个两位数工业行业的前沿技术进步(FTP)。本文发现:(一)前沿技术进步已经成为工业增长方式转变的核心推动力,1996-2002年大中型工业前沿技术进步平均贡献率高达14个百分点,对经济增长的贡献逐年提高;(二)本文归纳了前沿技术进步的四大驱动力:行业竞争、全球化及外商投资、企业产权改革以及经济周期扩张的大环境;(三)通过技术进步贡献率对企业的制度及行业经营环境等因素的回归分析发现:国有企业在技术进步中的作用不可忽略;大型企业的技术进步显著高于小企业;欠发达地区的技术进步速度高于发达地区;开放、竞争性行业的技术进步远远高于垄断性行业。因此,本文认为深化企业产权改革、加强资本市场建设、打破行业垄断、促进行业有序竞争是中国工业增长模式转变的惟一途径。 相似文献
8.
王昌龄是唐代著名边塞诗人，大伴家持是日本奈良时期著名诗人，他创作了一些防人歌。从戍边这一内容来看，王昌龄的边塞诗与大伴家持的防人歌在题材上具有一致性。但由于各自的文化背景、个性气质、艺术追求不同，王昌龄的边塞诗与大伴家持的防人歌在风格、表现手法、情与景的相互关系上又有所不同。但无论是同还是不同，王昌龄的边塞诗与大伴家持的防人歌都是真实地反映现实，表现自我的思想情感，具有很强的真实性。 相似文献
9.
基于SFA方法的中国保险公司技术效率实证分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
运用SFA方法测度和分析我国境内中资和外资共31家保险公司的技术效率，从而得出了资本投入仍然是我国保险业高速增长的一个关键因素。 相似文献
10.
11.
由于边疆少数民族地区独特的民族文化背景和生活环境、独特的语言氛围和思维模式，使得边疆民族地区的中小学英语教学有着与内地不同的、独特的教学模式。本文是在对边疆少数民族地区的几所中学以问卷和座谈的方式进行调查之后，对现行的英语教学进行了反思，并从理论上对调查的结果进行了分析，旨在找出更加适合边疆少数民族地区英语教学的有效的路子，以提高该地区的英语教学水平。 相似文献
12.
边疆地区是一个拥有丰富自然人文旅游资源的区域,随着旅游活动的深入,边疆旅游以及开始被很多学者所关注。文章通过对边疆旅游文献的梳理、归纳、总结,从宏观视角和微观视角两个角度,将已有学者的研究概括为6个方面:边疆旅游产品的开发和规划、对旅游目的地的影响、边疆旅游运营模式、边疆旅游区域发展、边疆旅游区域合作以及边疆旅游市场。并对这6个方面的已有研究进行分析概括。以期通过对边疆旅游已有的研究进行综述来为日后此领域的研究提供一定的参考和支撑。 相似文献
13.
全球化时代边疆社会所面临的核心挑战主要包括"我者"与"他者"之间的协调问题,以及"开放"与"封闭"之间的协调问题这样两个方面。全球化时代边疆社会所面临的核心挑战与世界主义文化所需要解决的核心问题之间存在诸多重合之处,事实上也正是这种重合使得边疆社会成为了世界主义文化的生发地之一。当然,由于边疆社会所具有的一系列特质,从而使得全球化时代边疆社会中的世界主义文化在生发方式、承载群体、文化性质等方面都具有不同程度的特殊性。通过对已有实证研究的总结,本文认为可以将全球化时代边疆社会中的世界主义文化划分为民族型世界主义文化、地域型世界主义文化以及游移型世界主义文化这样三种类型。 相似文献
14.
根据Cobb-Douglas生产函数，采用随机前沿分析法（SFA），测算了我国商业银行的1996-2003年效率值，并对其决定因素进行了分析。结果表明，银行效率的提高来源于充足的银行资本金、多元化的产权结构、资产质量、人力资本、市场竞争程度等。 相似文献
15.
A minimax optimal control strategy for quasi-Hamiltonian systems with bounded parametric and/or external disturbances is proposed based on the stochastic averaging method and stochastic differential game. To conduct the system energy control, the partially averaged Ito stochastic differential equations for the energy processes are first derived by using the stochastic averaging method for quasi-Hamiltonian systems. Combining the above equations with an appropriate performance index, the proposed strategy is searching for an optimal worst-case controller by solving a stochastic differential game problem. The worst-case disturbances and the optimal controls are obtained by solving a Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs （HJI） equation. Numerical results for a controlled and stochastically excited DulTlng oscillator with uncertain disturbances exhibit the efficacy of the proposed control strategy. 相似文献
16.
采用文献分析法,对学科前沿课的内涵、作用、影响因素以及其在国外一流大学的实施情况进行分析研究。搜索外文数据库和世界一流高校网站公开信息中“学科前沿课”以及和学科前沿课概念相接近的专业研讨课程、先端课程和交叉课程等,定位13所国外高校研究生学科前沿课类课程和项目计划,分析其实施流程特征,具体包括培养目标、授课内容、课程组织形式;学时、师资和教学方法等信息,形成普遍性和规律性认识。在深入分析其前沿性课程的组织形式、课程设计、教学方法以及影响因素等基础上,提出国内开展学科前沿课的通用建议。 相似文献
17.
边塞诗一直是中国古典诗歌的一个传统主题,而唐代的边塞诗更是将这一主题演绎得淋漓尽致。文章拟从边塞诗的思想内容所折射出的生死命题进行探讨,从而对边塞这一直接关乎生与死的话题作出解析。 相似文献
18.
肖红 《衡阳师范学院学报》2014,(1):57-60
对偶是中国文学语言中的一朵奇葩,唐代边塞诗中大量运用了对偶辞格,以胡大浚《唐代边塞诗选注》为研究对象,对唐代边塞诗的对偶辞格进行考察,分析唐代边塞诗中对偶的分类、特点及其表达效果。 相似文献
19.
探讨了用目标函数的经验均值代替目标函数求解有补偿二阶段问题的方法，将随机最优化问题转化为容易求解的确定性优化问题．不要求了解所涉及的随机变量的分布函数是该方法的特点． 相似文献
20.
黄今言 《江西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2012,45(2):95-102
从汉代边防建设的角度为看,汉代西北边塞的坞兴起于汉武帝时期,昭、宣以后循而不革,到东汉步入了新的发展阶段。坞的建筑形制因时因地有异,在坞墙上及其周围,既有射击、观察装置,也有安全、守卫设施。坞是边塞的基层单位,在建置上坞与堠紧密相联,其功能作用主要是瞭望敌情,传递信息;屯驻吏卒,抵御边寇;防备盗贼,打击不法等,在军事上具有重要意义。 相似文献