共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
陶睿 《岳阳职业技术学院学报》2006,21(1):83-85
分布式实时系统作为一种典型的实时系统应用受到了关注,目前提出了许多分布式实时系统的调度策略。本文针对诸如静态分配调度算法,动态算法,预测算法,容错调度算法,反射式动态调度算法等系列算法进行了综合的分析。 相似文献
2.
动态可伸缩向量图的设计与实现 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在对XML及SVG技术进行了研究和总结的基础上,设计了一个基于后台数据库进行动态SVG管理的应用.该应用通过程序在后台数据库数据和SVG的文本数据(XML数据)之间建立联系,实现了SVG图像基于后台数据库数据变化的动态管理.设计和实现结果表明:基于数据库实现Web上SVG图像的动态管理是可行的. 相似文献
3.
The current study investigates the effectiveness of learning words while displaying meaning congruent animations. We explore whether learning words with animation is sensitive to properties known to influence action understanding. We apply an embodied cognition framework and predictions from a recent theory about language and action (Action-Based Language theory, Glenberg & Gallese, 2012). The current study aims to investigate whether dynamic animations add to word learning (Experiment 1) and what the linguistic relation between the dynamic animation and the word learning is (Experiment 2). Results indicate that meaning congruent animations improved verb learning compared to meaning incongruent animations when measured by a recognition task. When measured by an active recall task, congruent animations led to better learning than static pictures. In both measures, meaning congruent animations support word learning. Experiment 2 replicates and extends this and suggests that highlighting conceptual information related to the dynamic action (such as the goal) improves word learning further. The findings are in line with Action-Based Language theory, which suggests that children are able to make better simulations of an action during learning when supported by meaning congruent animations. Highlighting conceptual information additionally supports this learning process. 相似文献
4.
计算机动画可以显示动态的变化,表达抽象的概念,因此医学教育中越来越多地应用计算机动画。然而,动画的优越性会因学习者个体差异如知识储备和空间认知能力的不同而不同,动画并非一直有效。本文介绍了相关的研究成果,描述了动画在医学教育中的应用,根据认知负荷理论为动画的设计和使用提供了原则,为未来研究提供了方案。 相似文献
5.
Pengtao Li Radhika Santhanam Catherine M. Carswell 《Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education》2009,7(2):377-410
Information technology (IT) artifacts such as animations are increasingly used in educational institutions. Researchers caution that, if we are to derive benefits from animations and other such IT artifacts, we must understand how to use it optimally. In this study, we look at the effects of animations in supporting learning processes. IT‐enabled animations dynamically depict changes in events and are used in the classroom as external representations to elaborate on the knowledge content transferred in the classroom. Research in related disciplines has investigated the effects of using these animations on student learning outcomes and has reported conflicting results. We propose that the theory of cognitive fit in information systems could reconcile these conflicting findings and offer some insight into how these animations might be used most beneficially. We conduct laboratory‐based experiments to test our ideas. Our findings indicate that these representations are superior to text‐based representations and reduce students' cognitive load only in learning tasks where animations have a good cognitive fit. We discuss the implications of our findings for the use of animations and other external representations in the classroom and for future research on the role of Technology Mediated Learning. 相似文献
6.
O'Day DH 《CBE life sciences education》2006,5(3):255-263
There is accumulating evidence that animations aid learning of dynamic concepts in cell biology. However, existing animation packages are expensive and difficult to learn, and the subsequent production of even short animations can take weeks to months. Here I outline the principles and sequence of steps for producing high-quality PowerPoint animations in less than a day that are suitable for teaching in high school through college/university. After developing the animation it can be easily converted to any appropriate movie file format using Camtasia Studio for Internet or classroom presentations. Thus anyone who can use PowerPoint has the potential to make animations. Students who viewed the approximately 3-min PowerPoint/Camtasia Studio animation "Calcium and the Dual Signalling Pathway" over 15 min scored significantly higher marks on a subsequent quiz than those who had viewed still graphics with text for an equivalent time. In addition, results from student evaluations provided some data validating the use of such animations in cell biology teaching with some interesting caveats. Information is also provided on how such animations can be modified or updated easily or shared with others who can modify them to fit their own needs. 相似文献
7.
三维动画片与所有影片一样,最终都要通过四边画框(电脑显示屏、电视荧屏或电影银幕)来呈现动态影像。在三维动画创作过程中考虑更多的是如何利用有限的四边封闭空间来组织和排布角色、场景及道具,以求更完美、更有效地向观众传递信息、思想与人生感悟。 相似文献
8.
Tim N. Höffler Helmut Prechtl Claudia Nerdel 《Learning and individual differences》2010,20(5):479-483
In a 2 × 2 design, we examined the role of visual cognitive style in two multimedia-based learning environments (text plus static pictures/animations). A statistically significant interaction was obtained for deeper comprehension: Highly developed visualizers (HDV) who learned with static pictures performed better than HDV who learned with animations, and less developed visualizers (LDV) performed the same with static pictures or animations.For factual knowledge, there was a main effect in favor of HDV. Subsequent tests revealed that HDV outperformed LDV only when learning from static pictures, but not when studying animations. There were no overall differences between animations and static pictures. The assumption is made that HDV benefit from their cognitive style when they have to construct a mental animation from static pictures.Concluding, we did not find any rationale for converting static pictures to animations — HDV learned better with static pictures, while for LDV, it made no difference. 相似文献
9.
董晓英 《天津工程师范学院学报》2004,14(3):50-52
工程制图仿真系统由多个独立的课件或素材库构成。利用AutoCAD软件进行三维实体造型 ,再利用 3DSMAX软件制作三维动画 ,充分运用色彩、自动旋转、切割、叠加、剖切、拆装和透明等效果 ,图片及动画均制作成JPG或GIF格式。动画在 3DMAX软件中保存为AVI格式 ,然后通过豪杰软件压缩为MPEG格式 ,再转化为GIF格式 ,以使仿真系统用于网上运行 相似文献
10.
Ercan Akpınar 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2014,23(4):527-537
This study investigates the effects of using interactive computer animations based on predict–observe–explain (POE) as a presentation tool on primary school students’ understanding of the static electricity concepts. A quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test control group design was utilized in this study. The experiment group consisted of 30 students, and the control group of 27 students. The control group received normal instruction in which the teacher provided instruction by means of lecture, discussion and homework. Whereas in the experiment group, dynamic and interactive animations based on POE were used as a presentation tool. Data collection tools used in the study were static electricity concept test and open-ended questions. The static electricity concept test was used as pre-test before the implementation, as post-test at the end of the implementation and as delay test approximately 6 weeks after the implementation. Open-ended questions were used at the end of the implementation and approximately 6 weeks after the implementation. Results indicated that the interactive animations used as presentation tools were more effective on the students’ understanding of static electricity concepts compared to normal instruction. 相似文献
11.
Velázquez-Marcano Alexandra Williamson Vickie M. Ashkenazi Guy Tasker Roy Williamson Kenneth C. 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2004,13(3):315-323
Different visualization techniques have been used for teaching chemistry concepts. Previous studies have shown that when molecular animations and video demonstrations are used, students seem to better correlate all three levels of representation: macroscopic, submicroscopic, and symbolic. This thinking process allows the students to improve their conceptual understanding and ability to create dynamic mental models. In this study, general chemistry students viewed three experiments involving dynamic fluid equilibrium in a graphic design, a video demonstration, and a molecular animation. The study investigated whether video demonstrations or particulate animations helped the students' conceptual understanding, and if the order of visualizations (video or animation first) produced any differences. Students showed improvement after each visualization. Surprisingly, there was significant improvement in responses between the first and second visualization. This work shows the importance of combining both types of visualizations, but it does not indicate a preference toward a specific order. 相似文献
12.
Animation has great potential for improving the way people learn. A number of studies in different scientific disciplines
have shown that instruction involving computer animations can facilitate the understanding of processes at the molecular level.
However, using animation alone does not ensure learning. Students sometimes miss essential features when they watch only animations,
mainly due to the cognitive load involved. Moreover, students seem to attribute a great deal of authority to the computer
and may develop misconceptions by taking animations of abstract concepts too literally. In this study, we attempted to explore
teachers’ perceptions concerning the use of animations in the classroom while studying biotechnological methods, as well as
the teachers’ contribution to the enactment of animations in class. Thirty high-school biotechnology teachers participated
in a professional development workshop, aimed at investigating how teachers plan for and support learning with animation while
studying biotechnological methods in class. From that sample, two teachers agreed to participate in two case studies aimed
at characterizing teachers’ contribution to the enactment of animations in class while studying biotechnological methods.
Our findings reveal marked teacher contribution in the following three aspects: establishing the “hands-on” point of view,
helping students deal with the cognitive load that accompanies the use of animation, and implementing constructivist aspects
of knowledge construction while studying using animations. 相似文献
13.
The current experiment investigated the effects of a dynamic spatial ability on comprehension of a geoscience text on plate tectonics and the causes of volcanic activity. 162 undergraduates (54% female) from a large public university who had little prior knowledge of this science content area were asked to learn about plate tectonics. Measures of spatial ability and working memory capacity were used to predict comprehension from a text that contained either no images, static images, or animated versions of the static images. Only the dynamic spatial ability measure interacted with the type of illustrations contained in the text, and was shown to be especially relevant for comprehension when readers did not receive animations. These results demonstrate a novel influence of individual differences in dynamic spatial ability on comprehension of text describing dynamic spatial phenomena. 相似文献
14.
This paper describes a study conducted in the context of chemistry education reforms in Israel. The study examined a new biochemistry learning unit that was developed to promote in-depth understanding of 3D structures and functions of proteins and nucleic acids. Our goal was to examine whether, and to what extent teaching and learning via model-based learning and animations of biomolecules affect students’ chemical understanding. Applying the mixed methods research paradigm, pre- and post-questionnaires as well as class-observations were employed in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data. The research population included 175 grade twelve students, divided into three research groups: (a) hands-on exploration of animations, (b) teacher’s demonstrations of animations, (c) traditional learning using textbooks. Findings indicated that the integration of model-based learning and 3D animations enhanced students’ understanding of proteins’ structure and function and their ability to transfer across different levels of chemistry understanding. Findings also indicated that teachers’ demonstrations of animations may enhance students’ ‘knowledge’—a low order thinking skill; however, in order to enhance higher levels of thinking, students should be able to explore 3D animations on their own. Applying constructivist and interpretative analysis of the data, three themes were raised, corresponding to cognitive, affective, and social aspects of learning while exploring web-based models and animations. 相似文献
15.
Towards a Framework for Attention Cueing in Instructional Animations: Guidelines for Research and Design 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Björn B. de Koning Huib K. Tabbers Remy M. J. P. Rikers Fred Paas 《Educational Psychology Review》2009,21(2):113-140
This paper examines the transferability of successful cueing approaches from text and static visualization research to animations.
Theories of visual attention and learning as well as empirical evidence for the instructional effectiveness of attention cueing
are reviewed and, based on Mayer’s theory of multimedia learning, a framework was developed for classifying three functions
for cueing: (1) selection—cues guide attention to specific locations, (2) organization—cues emphasize structure, and (3) integration—cues
explicate relations between and within elements. The framework was used to structure the discussion of studies on cueing in
animations. It is concluded that attentional cues may facilitate the selection of information in animations and sometimes
improve learning, whereas organizational and relational cueing requires more consideration on how to enhance understanding.
Consequently, it is suggested to develop cues that work in animations rather than borrowing effective cues from static representations.
Guidelines for future research on attention cueing in animations are presented. 相似文献
16.
动画作品的剧本框架在动画片的创作环节中发挥着非常重要的作用,同时也是影响动画发展的核心要素。目前广东动画在文本创作上,本着以人文为本、遵循游戏精神的基本理念进行动画创作,力求凸现人文主义精神,全面深化叙事节奏,并进一步延伸广东动画的题材广度,以符合儿童的审美情趣。 相似文献
17.
Effectiveness of three‐dimensional digital animation in teaching human anatomy in an authentic classroom context 
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下载免费PDF全文 Nady Hoyek Christian Collet Franck Di Rienzo Mickael De Almeida Aymeric Guillot 《Anatomical sciences education》2014,7(6):430-437
Three‐dimensional (3D) digital animations were used to teach the human musculoskeletal system to first year kinesiology students. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of this method by comparing two groups from two different academic years during two of their official required anatomy examinations (trunk and upper limb assessments). During the upper limb section, the teacher used two‐dimensional (2D) drawings embedded into PowerPoint® slides and 3D digital animations for the first group (2D group) and the second (3D group), respectively. The same 3D digital animations were used for both groups during the trunk section. The only difference between the two was the multimedia used to present the information during the upper limb section. The 2D group surprisingly outperformed the 3D group on the trunk assessment. On the upper limb assessment no difference in the scores on the overall anatomy examination was found. However, the 3D group outperformed the 2D group in questions requiring spatial ability. Data supported that 3D digital animations were effective instructional multimedia material tools in teaching human anatomy especially in recalling anatomical knowledge requiring spatial ability. The importance of evaluating the effectiveness of a new instructional material outside laboratory environment (e.g., after a complete semester and on official examinations) was discussed. Anat Sci Educ 7: 430–437. © 2014 American Association of Anatomists. 相似文献
18.
George Hatsidimitris Slava Kalyuga 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2013,61(1):91-105
Learning with instructional animations may overstretch limited working memory resources due to intense processing demands associated with transient information. The authors investigated whether explicit instructional advice coupled with a task-specific learner control mechanism (such as a timeline scrollbar) could facilitate the successful self-management of transient information. The effectiveness of a timeline scrollbar that allowed self-pacing and self-sequencing of animations was compared with computer-controlled animations. Experiment 1 demonstrated that a timeline scrollbar (with instructional advice on its strategic use) enhanced the retention of stroke sequences in writing Chinese characters. In Experiment 2, a timeline scrollbar was used in an integrated set of narrated animations dealing with complex scientific information. Retention and comprehension post-tests indicated that although a scrollbar accompanied by instructional advice in its use assisted novice learners, no such effect was found with participants who possessed higher levels of prior knowledge. The findings have implications for the formulation of criteria for the effective incorporation of learner control into the design of instructional animations. 相似文献
19.
李江燕 《洛阳工业高等专科学校学报》2005,15(4):21-23
在分布式系统应用中采用动态负载平衡算法分配系统中的工作负载，能够显著地提高系统的性能。针对分布式系统中负载动态变化特性，提出了一种基于接收者主动的自索取动态负载均衡算法，通过负载数的实时变化反映系统中各节点的当前负载状况，通过空闲节点来转移超载节点的任务，使负载的分布更均匀，提高了整个系统资源的利用率及效率． 相似文献
20.
The time course of learners’ processing of a complex animation was studied using a dynamic diagram of a piano mechanism. Over successive repetitions of the material, two forms of cueing (standard colour cueing and anti-cueing) were administered either before or during the animated segment of the presentation. An uncued group and two other control conditions were also employed. Development of an internal representation of the movements depicted in the animation was evaluated through participant demonstrations of the mechanism’s operation on a replica piano mechanism. Eye tracking (fixation lengths) indicated that overall, conventional visuospatially-based cueing was largely ineffective for directing attention across the presentations of the animation. Demonstration scores from cued animations were no better than those produced from the uncued version. Cue obedience for standard colour cueing was initially superior to that for anti-cues but fell away after the animation’s first exposure. Contrary to expectations, there was no difference in cue obedience for cueing applied before or during animation of the display. The findings suggest that alternatives to visuospatial cues are needed to help learners process complex animations more effectively. 相似文献