共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
峨眉山珙桐根际和非根际土壤微生物的初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以四川峨眉山珙桐林为研究对象,选取珙桐林珙桐根际和非根际两种土壤样品,分别进行微生物的分离、测数,并根据菌株形态、培养特征和生理生化特性等,对根际和非根际土壤中的细菌、放线菌和真菌进行了初步鉴定.结果表明:从珙桐根际和非根际土壤中共得到细菌菌株85株,分属于9个属;放线菌菌株28株,分属于2个属;真菌菌株13株,分属于5个属.同一地区珙桐根际和非根际土壤中,珙桐根际土壤中的微生物的总数以及细菌、放线菌和真菌数量均低于非根际土壤. 相似文献
2.
3.
对烟草根系施用5种配方肥料,并分别检测烟草移栽前、后20,40,60,120 d的根际土壤微生物,比较研究了不同肥料对烟草根际微生物的影响．实验结果显示：随着有机肥比例的增加,烟草根际土壤中的真菌、细菌等数量均比不添加有机肥的处理（N0处理）呈增加趋势;其中,50％无机氮＋50％有机氮处理（N3处理）能显著增加烟草根际土壤中的微生物数量,真菌、细菌、霉菌数量分别达到2．46×10^5,2．96×10^8,2．95×10^4个/g ．在烟草种植中,施用50％无机氮＋50％有机氮的有机肥有利于提高烟草根际微生物的数量． 相似文献
4.
5.
植物根系统和枝系统从各自环境中吸收养分，又以其生长活动的副产物“调节”其生活的环境。根的溢泌物中含有富含能量的有机物，因而在其周围出现许多代谢活动很强的微生物，其以根释放出的有机物作为食物来源。根际和根面微生物种群的定量和定性特性与根分泌物有直接或间接的相关性，微生物群体受根分泌物的影响，反过来，植物体会因根际中微生物的活动而受益。 相似文献
6.
为了揭示蚯蚓活动对温室土壤中不同微生物类群数量的影响,对接种蚯蚓的温室土壤和露地土壤中微生物的数量进行了初步研究.结果表明:接种蚯蚓显著提高了温室土壤中不同微生物类群的数量.与未接种蚯蚓的处理比较,12月时,温室土壤中细菌增加了24.53%,放线菌增加了39.46%,真菌增加了29.71%,总量增加了25.81%;露地土壤中细菌增加了18.18%,放线菌增加了29.45%,真菌增加了16.24%,总量增加了21.14%.4月时,温室土壤中细菌增加了42.71%,放线菌增加了39.08%,真菌增加了36.92%,总量增加了42.53%;露地土壤中细菌增加了33.69%,放线菌增加了22.29%,真菌增加了20.71%,总量增加了32.73%.接种蚯蚓的温室土壤中不同微生物类群数量的增幅均高于接种蚯蚓的露地土壤.其中4月时接种蚯蚓后的温室土壤的细菌增加量高于其他处理. 相似文献
7.
用人工配置不同萘浓度污水培养菖蒲,考察菖蒲的生长、叶片叶绿素和丙二醛含量.结果表明:萘对菖蒲的株高和生物量增长起显著抑制作用,短期内刺激叶片叶绿素的产生,而增加叶片丙二醛含量.萘污染对菖蒲的生长产生不利影响. 相似文献
8.
以灭菌茶园土壤施入混合菌肥,探讨茶叶专用菌肥微生物在不同土壤环境中存活状况、变化规律.结果表明菌肥细菌生长适宜的土壤环境条件是土壤含水量为20-25％,土壤温度为25℃,pH4左右的酸性土壤石灰添加量为0.4-0.8％（约土壤pH6.6-7.3）为宜;制约菌肥放线菌在土壤中生长繁殖因素主要为土壤pH和含水量,以土壤pH6.6-7.3,含水量为15-20％为宜.土壤环境因素对菌肥真菌生长的影响大小排序依次为pH、水分和温度,酸性土壤最有利于真菌的生长繁殖. 相似文献
9.
利用宏基因组学技术对两种白芨根际微生物群落结构进行评价，对两种白芨样品进行宏基因组测序结果显示，两种白芨根际微生物菌群种类丰富.紫花白芨根际微生物的物种丰度比黄花白芨微生物的物种丰度更高，它们的微生物菌群差异水平从门到种均存在.其中，两者显著差异的根际微生物包括29个属和33个种.这些丰度较高的根际微生物之间大多相互促进，有利于改善和提高白芨根系发育以及对外界环境胁迫的适应性. 相似文献
10.
11.
Low phosphorus (P) availability is one of the most important factors limiting plant growth in red soils across southeastern China. Many non-symbiotic microorganisms in rhizosphere can enhance P solubility, but little is known about the magnitude of their phosphorus-solubilizing ability (PSA) and the difference in phosphorus-solubilizing microorganisms (PSM) among plant species. The number of phosphorus-solubilizing microorganisms and their PSA in rhizosphere soils of 19 weed species in a citrus orchard on red soil at Changshan, Zhejiang, China, were investigated. Inorganic P (powdered phosphate rock, PR) and organic P (lecithin, OP) were respectively used as the sole P-source to examine the PSA of isolated microbes. The PS actinomycetes community varied greatly among the different weed rhizospheres while the PS fungus community showed to be most stable to the weed rhizosphere. The highest number of PR-PS and OP-PS bacteria was found in rhizosphere soil of Mollugo pentaphyll, and the highest number of PR-PS and OP-PS actinomycetes was found in rhizosphere soil of Polygonum lapathifolium. The highest number of PR-PS fungi was found in Erigeron annuus and Mollugo pentaphyll rhizosphere soil, and the highest number of OP-PS fungi was found in rhizosphere soil of Mazus stachydifolius. Mazus stachydifolius showed the strongest PR-PS ability (6340.75μg) while Eragrostis pilosa showed the strongest OP-PS ability (1301.84μg). The PR-PS ability and OP-PS ability of Mollugo pentaphyll was 4432.87μg and 1122.05μg respectively. A significant correlation between the number of PR-PSM and OP-PSM was found. Significant correlation was only found between the PR-PS fungi number and its PSA(r=0.75, P<0.05) and between the number of OP-PS fungi and its PSA(r=0.87, P<0.01}). It indicated that plant species had significant influence on components of the non-symbiotic PSM community and their activity in its rhizosphere soil. Fungi play a leading role in phosphorus solubilization in weed rhizopshere. It suggested that weed conservation could benefit soil microbe development in agroecosystems, especially in the initial stage of agroecosystem development because there is less organic carbon in bare soil. The results suggested that weed conservation could increase PSA of PSM. 相似文献
12.
玉带草等六种污水净化植物的筛选 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
主要研究了玉带草（Reinekea carnea（Andr.）Kunth.）、石菖蒲（Acorus gramineus Soland.）、泽泻（Alisma orientale（Sam.）Juzepcz）、菖蒲（Acorus calamus L.）、黄花鸢尾（Iris pseudacorus Lim.）、千屈菜（Lythrum salicaria L.）6种水生植物的污水净化能力,并对处理后污水的BOD5、CODcr、TN、TP等水质指标及植物MDA、CAT、游离Pro、根系活力、电导率等抗性生理指标进行定期监测。结果表明,各种植物对BOD5、CODcr、TN和TP均有明显的去除效果,其中石菖蒲和黄花鸢尾的处理效果最好。随着时间变化,菖蒲、千屈菜、黄花鸢尾电导率和丙二醛含量逐步降低,玉带草、黄花鸢尾、菖蒲的游离Pro及玉带草、菖蒲、黄花鸢尾、菖蒲、泽泻的根系活力均出现先减少后增加的现象,石菖蒲、泽泻的CAT活性逐渐下降。 相似文献
13.
INTRODUCTION Biosphere pollution by heavy metals and nu-cleotides was accelerated dramatically during the last few decades due to mining, smelting, manufacturing, treatment of agricultural soils with agro-chemicals and soil sludge, etc. Problems associated with the contamination of soil and water such as animal wel-fare, health, fatalities and disruptions of natural eco-systems are well documented (He et al., 2005). Heavy metals such as Pb, Cr, As, Cu, Cd, and Hg, being added to our so… 相似文献
14.
Mycorrhizoremediation an enhanced form of phytoremediation 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Khan AG 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2006,7(7):503-514
Study of plant roots and the diversity of soil micro biota, such as bacteria, fungi and microfauna associated with them, is important for understanding the ecological complexities between diverse plants, microbes, soil and climates and their role in phytoremediation of contaminated soils. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi （AMF） are universal and ubiquitous rhizosphere mi- croflora forming symbiosis with plant roots and acting as biofertilizers, bioprotactants, and biodegraders. In addition to AMF, soils also contain various antagonistic and beneficial bacteria such as root pathogens, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria including free-living and symbiotic N-fixers, and mycorrhiza helping bacteria. Their potential role in phytoremediation of heavy metal （HM） contaminated soils and water is becoming evident although there is need to completely understand the ecological complexities of the plant-microbe-soil interactions and their better exploitation as consortia in remediation strategies employed for contaminated soils. These multitrophic root microbial associations deserve multi-disciplinary investigations using molecular, biochemical, and physiological techniques. Ecosystem restoration of heavy metal contaminated soils practices need to incorporate microbial biotechnology research and development. This review highlights the ecological complexity and diversity of plant-microbe-soil combinations, particularly AM and provides an overview on the recent developments in this area. It also discusses the role AMF play in phytorestoration of HM contaminated soils, i.e. mycorrhizoremediation. 相似文献
15.
通过湖南花垣和苏仙两矿区野外踏查,数据检测Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd在两矿区相应植物土壤及植物中的含量及相关分析。结果表明：两矿区均受到Pb、Zn、Cd的污染。Pb元素在苏仙矿区是重污染,Zn对花垣矿区为中度污染,Cd对两矿区污染均为重污染,综合污染指数表明两矿区均为重污染。通过富集系数、转移系数、滞留率分析,发现14种优势植物表现出不同的吸收和富集特征,其中箬竹(Indocalamus tessella?tus)、油茶(Camellia oleifera)为富集型植物,菖蒲(Acorus calamus)、灯心草(Juncus effusus)、节节草(Equisetum ramosissimum)、毛萼莓(Rubus chroosepalus)、茅草(Imperata cylindrica)为根部囤积型植物,飞龙掌血(Todda?lia asiatica)为规避型植物。 相似文献
16.
Hg~（2＋）胁迫培养对水生植物根际微生物的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用水培方法,在实验室条件下,选择不同浓度的Hg2＋对大薸（Pistiastratiote）、慈姑（Sagittaria sagittifolia L）和穗状狐尾藻（Myriophyllum spicatum Linn.）进行胁迫培养,通过测定三种水生植物根系的微生物区系及与氮循环细菌的数量变化,分析三种水生植物根际微生物对重金属Hg2＋的耐受性,微生物区系结构和与氮循环有关的细菌的数量变化。结果发现,Hg2＋胁迫改变了水生植物根系微环境,对微生物区系结构产生明显的影响;氮循环细菌生理类群的数量随着外源重金属Hg2＋浓度变化表现出一定的特殊性和复杂性。 相似文献
17.
Microbial activity and community diversity in a variable charge soil as affected by cadmium exposure levels and time 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Effects of cadmium (Cd) on microbial biomass, activity and community diversity were assessed in a representative variable charge soil (Typic Aquult) using an incubation study. Cadmium was added as Cd(NO3)2> to reach a concentration range of 0～16 mg Cd/kg soil. Soil extractable Cd generally increased with Cd loading rate, but decreased with incubation time. Soil mi-crobial biomass was enhanced at low Cd levels (0.5～1 mg/kg), but was inhibited consistently with increasing Cd rate. The ratio of microbial biomass C/N varied with Cd treatment levels, decreasing at low Cd rate (<0.7 mg/kg available Cd), but increasing progressively with Cd loading. Soil respiration was restrained at low Cd loading (<1 mg/kg), and enhanced at higher Cd levels. Soil microbial metabolic quotient (MMQ) was generally greater at high Cd loading (1～16 mg/kg). However, the MMQ is also affected by other factors. Cd contamination reduces species diversity of soil microbial communities and their ability to metabolize different C substrates. Soils with higher levels of Cd contamination showed decreases in indicator phospholipids fatty acids (PLFAs) for Gram-negative bacteria and actinomycetes, while the indicator PLFAs for Gram-positive bacteria and fungi increased with increasing levels of Cd contamination. 相似文献