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我国博士质量影响因素的认识研究——基于五所研究型大学的调查 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
王蔚虹 《学位与研究生教育》2008,(9):16-21
通过对五所研究型大学对在读博士生、博士生导师、研究生教育负责人以及毕业博士的抽样问卷调查,探讨了不同责任主体在博士质量影响因素认识上的异同,发现博士生、博士生导师、研究生教育负责人以及毕业博士四者均较认同"导师指导"、"学术氛围"为影响博士质量的重要因素,但在认同"学科水平"、"科研条件"为博士质量重要影响因素上,存在差异. 相似文献
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全面提升高层次人才自主培养质量已经成为当前研究生教育改革发展的焦点,高质量人才培养体系建设需要加强关键环节及全过程质量管控。博士教育是提升高等教育创新能力的核心,过程管理、分流选择及有序退出已经成为常态。了解博士生延期授予学位的内生质量、导学关系和自身发展三个方面成因,对于完善分流选择机制、提升学位授予质量及学位论文质量有深远影响,面临这些内外成因,如何优化博士生的学业选择,对于其学术探索、科研创新、职业发展和自我实现也至关重要。 相似文献
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长期以来,布迪厄文化资本理论为审视教育公平问题与研究学生学业成就影响因素提供了新的理论框架与视角。国内外有关文化资本的现有研究成果大都通过定量的方法证实了文化资本与学业成就存在高度的正相关。本文通过质的研究方法对文化资本与学业成就的具体影响模式进行了深入分析。认为,在中国部分乡土社会场域中,该理论中三种形式的文化资本对学业成就的影响有限,对教育工具价值的信仰成为影响儿童学业的关键性文化资本。由此推知,文化资本理论是同质文化背景下的产物,必须结合文化背景才能具有更好的解释力。 相似文献
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刘在花 《中小学心理健康教育》2023,(3):18-23
关爱流动儿童,让流动儿童享有“公平而有质量的教育”直接关系到我国义务教育的均衡发展和社会和谐的目标能否实现。学业表现是学校教育教学质量的重要体现。通过梳理流动儿童学业表现相关文献,总结了流动儿童学业表现研究的现状,分析了影响流动儿童学业表现的学校因素、家庭因素和个人因素,据此提出了提升流动儿童学业表现的五条教育对策：营造良好的学校氛围;大力提升家长的教育素养;培养流动儿童的积极学业情绪;引导流动儿童设定恰当的成就目标;增强流动儿童的学业自我概念。 相似文献
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王振林等 《学位与研究生教育》2021,(8):1-5
南京大学在加强博士研究生培养过程考核与分流、严把学位论文出口关的同时,深入分析延期博士生数量随之增加的深层次原因,从助力全体博士生成才的理念出发,通过调整基本修业年限、提供学业支撑、实施学业预警等措施,构建与博士生培养分流机制相对应的博士生学业预警与帮扶机制,形成了学业流程预警帮扶、专项事务预警帮扶、学业申诉预警帮扶、院系网格化预警帮扶等模式,显著提升了博士生培养质量。 相似文献
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学业成就评价必须基于课程标准,这是国家对基础教育整体质量卓越的诉求。韦伯博士是美国"基于标准的评价"运动的重要代表人物,他提出了学业成就评价与课程标准保持一致性的分析维度、分析程序、分析方法等一整套一致性框架,并开发了基于网络的评价与标准一致性工具。全面深入研究韦伯模式,对我国基础教育阶段学生学业成就评价改革具有重要意义。 相似文献
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王卫霞 《学位与研究生教育》2017,(6):61-67
通过对华东地区10所高校理工科博士生的调研,实证分析博士生导师资助制对导师责任心提高、博士生学习科研积极性激发、学生学业成就提升的实际效果。研究结果发现：理工科博士生导师资助制并没有显著提升导师指导博士生的责任心;理工科博士生导师资助制显著提高了博士生的科研课题参与度和学业科研投入时间;理工科博士生导师资助制没有有效促进博士生学业成就和创新能力的提升。针对调查结果,对进一步完善导师资助制度提出了若干建议。 相似文献
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纵观西方博士教育研究史,教师指导是促进博士生学术成长的关键因素。学界研究大体聚焦在博士生指导的意义、指导关系与师生互动以及指导风格几个方面,并从学术社会化、专业发展等理论进行解释。未来研究可尝试结合知识生产、学术职业来分析博士生指导问题,并沟通政策文本与指导实践,为比较教育研究提供对情境与过程、结构与行动之间更系统和理论化的理解。 相似文献
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在知识经济时代,越来越多的工科博士生参与大学的学术创业活动,作为科研训练的一种重要方式,学术创业对工科博士教育产生了重要影响。基于对16名工科博士生深度访谈材料的扎根分析,本研究发现,参与学术创业,促进了工科博士生科研能力的提升,非学术技能的习得,广阔的学术观和多元职业观的形成。为回应学术创业对工科博士教育的影响,建议培养单位形成多元培养观,优选和拓展学术创业项目,提升工科博士生的科研能力和学术创业能力。 相似文献
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本文以我国某研究型大学自然科学领域的博士生为研究对象,分析博士生在读期间的学术产出状况;构造了以学术研究投入时间、国内国际会议报告、与导师交流频率为维度的学术活跃度概念,并利用负二项分布的回归模型,证实了学术活跃度与博士生学术产出之间的关系。本研究认为,应努力创造良好的博士生教育环境和氛围,通过提高博士生的学术活跃度,进而提高其学术产出,这对提高我国博士生教育培养质量具有十分重要的意义。 相似文献
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基于2020年“全国研究生满意度调查”13264份学术学位博士研究生的数据,运用线性回归与标准负二项回归分析了不同招生录取方式的博士生在主观教育收获满意度以及客观论文发表数量方面的差异。分析结果显示,本科直博与硕博连读的博士研究生与公开招考的博士生相比,其论文发表数量更多,但博士教育收获满意度更低。建议博士生培养单位充分发挥贯通式人才培养连续性、系统性的优势,合理设计长学制博士生课程教学、导师指导以及考核管理制度。 相似文献
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浙江省2019年初中教育质量监测数据的再挖掘,揭示了初中学生学习品质的发展水平、结构特征及影响机制。结果显示,学生学习动力、一般领域学习策略以及数学问题解决策略和科学探究策略中等偏上,自主学习习惯及语文阅读策略相对薄弱。学习品质与学业成绩存在显著性相关,学习动力对学业成绩的影响最大,其次是特定学科的学习策略,再次是自主学习习惯。教师教学和家庭教育等因素能通过学生个性品质对其学习品质产生影响,也能通过对学生一般领域学习品质和特定学科学习策略的影响来影响学业成绩,这与2018年浙江省小学生学习品质评价结果一致。 相似文献
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Svetlana Chesser William Murrah Sean Alan Forbes 《The American journal of distance education》2020,34(3):211-223
ABSTRACT This study was designed to investigate how college students’ personality characteristics relate to their choice of instructional delivery (online or face-to-face) and whether this choice mediates the relationship between personality and academic performance. One hundred eighty-eight undergraduate students were given a choice between taking the same general education course online or face-to-face. Students completed the Big Five Inventory (BFI) upon the conclusion of this course. Using a Bayesian regression course modeling framework, we found that Conscientiousness and Agreeableness were related to the choice of instructional delivery. Students scoring higher on Conscientiousness and lower on Agreeableness tended to choose the online environment. Conscientiousness also was a direct predictor of academic achievement regardless of the course environment. These results suggest that in order to find the best fit between student and the learning environment, it is important to identify personality characteristics indicative of success in online and traditional face-to-face courses to help students to become more efficient learners and assist faculty in designing quality courses to meet students’ needs. 相似文献
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Peter Zeegers 《高等教育研究与发展》2004,23(1):35-56
Learning outcomes in higher education are of considerable interest to students, teaching staff, researchers, tertiary education institutions and funding authorities. To improve the quality of learning outcomes may require a better understanding of what happens in the learning process from the perspective of the learner. This study makes use of a number of current instruments for the evaluation of student learning to explore aspects of learning outcomes in terms of academic achievement. The students evaluated were either in their first year of study (N=194) or in the third year of their course (N=118). A causal mode of learning outcomes was developed for each group and evaluated using the PLSPATH program to explore the impact of student‐related causative factors. A number of these factors were shown to have a direct effect on student academic achievement, as measured by annual grade point average (GPA), with some consistency across two year‐levels. The most important factor in predicting academic performance for both groups was students' prior academic performance. Approaches to learning and English language skills were also shown to have some predictive value. Students' metacognitive skills and self‐efficacy, though showing strong inter‐relationships with other factors, did not show a direct effect on academic achievement. 相似文献
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导师是博士生培养的关键。在与高等教育发达国家比较视野下,从博士生体验和评价视角探析当前我国博士生导师对博士生指导现状及相对水平,可为优化研究生导师指导行为提供支持。经选取Nature调查中代表性发达国家对比发现,我国博士生对导师总体满意,但对导师指导分项满意度还有较大提升空间。具体到导师指导行为上,我国博士生对出版发表、合作机会、资金支持的满意度略高于或接近于发达国家,但在导师学术指导频次,给予心理支持和职业发展指导方面与发达国家存在一定差距,尤其是对导师给予其学术指导,提供参加学术会议、会议报告机会等培养支持满意度处于对比8国的较低水平。基于数据分析和讨论,建议导师遴选应加强对导师指导能力和指导质量的考察,高校对导师的岗位要求和岗位评价等应细化导师指导行为,多渠道为博士生开展同行学术交流创造条件。 相似文献
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James Burford 《International journal of qualitative studies in education》2018,31(6):487-503
This article attends to the affective-political dimensions of doctoral aspiration. It considers why doctoral students continue to hope for an ‘academic good life’ in spite of the depressed and precarious features of the academic present. The article emerges from 2013 research with ten doctoral students in the Arts and Social Sciences, at a research-intensive university in Aotearoa New Zealand, and accomplishes two primary objectives. Firstly, it contributes to scholarship that considers how visual methodologies might inform accounts of contemporary doctoral education. And secondly, it extends queer theorizing of affect in higher education studies, with the goal of understanding how doctoral aspiration might be reimagined through an engagement with Lauren Berlant’s ‘Cruel Optimism’ (2011). I propose that Berlant’s analytic framework helps to explain why students retain attachments to even problematic objects, like PhDs. I conclude the article by tarrying with the question of what to do about doctoral aspiration now. 相似文献
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As Chinese doctoral education has grown dramatically in the past four decades and developed into one of the largest doctoral education systems in the world, it has become one significant and integral part of the global doctoral education landscape. However, in the literature, there is a lack of both a comprehensive understanding of the Chinese doctoral education system and of generic frameworks for understanding doctoral education in a global context, with an emphasis on the underlying value systems. This may not only hamper the research on doctoral education in China but also affect international comparison and collaboration with Chinese doctoral education. Using the theory of institutional logics, this study tries to bridge the gap by identifying the complex value systems underlying the context of the Chinese doctoral education system, through a qualitative study mainly based on interview data and complemented by documentary data. The interview involves 135 participants, including 45 university academic leaders, 33 doctoral supervisors and 56 doctoral students from 17 research universities, as well as one government policy-maker. We found that the context of Chinese doctoral education system consists of multiple logics of state, profession, family, market and corporation. The special constellation of institutional logics has shaped the current Chinese doctoral education system as a state-led model but meanwhile incorporating family characteristics, market orientation and regulated academic autonomy. The study also showed that Chinese doctoral education has been developing in line with international academic norms and global marketization trends, and has also been shaped by China’s socio-cultural tradition and the strong state regulation. In addition to the institutional logics analysis of the Chinese doctoral education system, this study paves the way for developing a novel framework for analysing doctoral education systems in other contexts and for comparative purposes. 相似文献