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1.
美国大学生学术欺骗行为及其对策研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
大学生的学术欺骗行为可分为考试欺骗和书面作业欺骗。美国大学生的学术欺骗行为比较普遍,但建立荣誉准则制度的高校发生学术欺骗的百分比明显偏低。学生们认为,对于不同的欺骗行为应给予不同程度的惩罚。影响美国大学生的学术欺骗行为的因素可以分为学生个体特征因素、态度/信仰因素、行为因素和外部因素等。高校可以采用建立荣誉准则制度、重视学生的参与等对策来减少大学生的学术欺骗行为。 相似文献
2.
A questionnaire assessing beliefs and behaviors associated with cheating was administered to 365 college students. Circumstances rated most likely to increase cheating were low instructor vigilance, unfair exams, an instructor who does not care about cheating, and dependence of financial support and long-term goals on good grades. Circumstances rated most likely to decrease cheating were high instructor vigilance, fair exams, high punishment for getting caught, essay exams, widely spaced exam seating, and valuable course material. Principal components analyses revealed several factors underlying planned cheating: difficulty/negative consequences of cheating, pressures, instructor personality, social norms, and interest in the course. These factors relate to the determinants of behavior specified by the theory of planned behavior. Self-reports indicated that 83 percent of respondents cheated in college and that the two most common types of cheating were giving (58 percent) and getting (49 percent) exam questions to and from other students before an exam. Acts of helping someone else cheat were more commonly reported than corresponding acts of cheating for oneself. Students with high cheating scores tended to be male rather than female, to have a low goal grade-point average, and to believe that the prevalence of cheating in college is high.Both authors contributed equally to this research.A version of this paper was presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Toronto, Ontario, August 1993. 相似文献
3.
《Contemporary educational psychology》2002,27(2):209-228
Academic cheating has become a widespread problem among high school and college students. In this study, 490 students (ages 14 to 23) evaluated the acceptability of an act of academic dishonesty under 19 different circumstances where a person's motive for transgressing differed. Students' evaluations were related to self-reports of cheating behavior, sex, school grade, and psychological variables. Results indicated that high school and college students took motives into account when evaluating the acceptability of academic cheating. Cheating behavior was more common among those who evaluated cheating leniently, among male students, and among high schoolers. Also, acceptance of cheating and cheating behavior were negatively related to self-restraint, but positively related to tolerance of deviance. The results are discussed with reference to biological, cultural, and developmental factors. 相似文献
4.
大学生作弊心理的调查研究与教育策略 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对大连四所高校大学生作弊心理抽样调查研究表明,有过作弊经历的大学生占调查总数的一半以上。作弊时大多数学生的心情是紧张的,但是对于作弊行为的负面评价较少,说明大学生在心理上对自己与他人的作弊行为大多数持宽容态度,教育管理者应提出相应对策。 相似文献
5.
Honor J. Passow Matthew J. Mayhew Cynthia J. Finelli Trevor S. Harding Donald D. Carpenter 《Research in higher education》2006,47(6):643-684
Academic dishonesty (cheating) has been prevalent on college campuses for decades, and the percentage of students reporting cheating varies by college major. This study, based on a survey of 643 undergraduate engineering majors at 11 institutions, used two parallel hierarchical multiple regression analyses to predict the frequency of cheating on exams and the frequency of cheating on homework based on eight blocks of independent variables: demographics, pre-college cheating behavior, co-curricular participation, plus five blocks organized around Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior (moral obligation not to cheat, attitudes about cheating, evaluation of the costs and benefits of cheating, perceived social pressures to cheat or not to cheat, and perceived effectiveness of academic dishonesty policies). The final models significantly predict 36% of the variance in “frequency of cheating on exams” and 14% of the variance in “frequency of cheating on homework”. Students don’t see cheating as a single construct and their decisions to cheat or not to cheat are influenced differently depending on the type of assessment. Secondary findings are that a student’s conviction that cheating is wrong no matter what the circumstances is a strong deterrent to cheating across types of assessment and that a student who agrees that he/she would cheat in order to alleviate stressful situations is more likely to cheat on both exams and homework. 相似文献
6.
考风建设历来是高职院校教学管理中的一项重要内容。本文以考试作弊次数为自变量,以学生基本情况、中学时考试作弊情况加上计划行为理论提出的作弊道德观、作弊态度、作弊收益与代价估计、感受压力、学校政策共7个模块20个项目的因变量进行回归分析,并根据回归结果提出相应的建议。 相似文献
7.
大学生考试作弊的本质是有意识的人的实践行为.行为的产生和发展是有其内在规律可循的.深入把握学生作弊的行为规律和影响因素是有效防治作弊的前提基础.作弊行为产生一般而言可分为考试期望形成、作弊意识形成、考试作弊策划和准备、实施作弊行为前的权衡、作弊行为实施以及作弊结果对价值观念影响等六个阶段.在各个阶段中,学生思想、行为和行为决策都是在各种主客观因素的综合影响下产生变化的. 相似文献
8.
张玮 《商丘职业技术学院学报》2014,(1):33-34
考试作弊已日趋成为教育界的治理难题。从小学、初中、高中到大学屡见不鲜,屡禁不止。从大学生与中小学生作弊的心理活动来分析我国教育领域学生考试作弊的现状及发展趋势,并从心理学角度出发,加强对学生的诚信教育,树立正确的考试荣誉观、价值观。达到彻底杜绝考试作弊的现象。 相似文献
9.
Tina L. Freiburger Danielle M. Romain Blake M. Randol Catherine D. Marcum 《Journal of Criminal Justice Education》2017,28(2):222-247
Using a factorial survey administered to college students at two Universities, this study examines students’ tendencies to engage in academic misconduct. The relation of strain, self-control, and deterrence theories to likelihood of cheating are further explored. The results suggest that increasing the severity of the punishment for cheating does not deter academic misconduct; however, several variables indicating an increased certainty of being caught did decrease the likelihood of cheating behaviors. Only the strain variables that indicated a student had an ill family member or that the student found the course difficult significantly increased academic misconduct. Although self-control did not have a direct effect on cheating it indirectly affected cheating behaviors through students’ perceptions of getting caught and their perception of wrongfulness of the cheating behavior. Policy and future research implications of the findings are further discussed. 相似文献
10.
Tracey Bretag Rowena Harper Kiata Rundle Philip M. Newton Cath Ellis Sonia 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2020,45(1):125-139
AbstractThis article reports on one aspect of a nationally funded research project on contract cheating in Australian higher education. The project explored students' and educators’ experiences of contract cheating, and the contextual factors that may influence it. This article reports the key findings from non-university higher education providers (NUHEPs). It compares survey responses from 961 students and 91 educators at four NUHEPs with previously reported findings from eight universities (14,086 students and 1,147 staff). NUHEP and university students report engaging in contract cheating in similar ways. However, while NUHEP educators spend more time teaching academic literacies and discussing contract cheating, NUHEP students are 12 times more likely than university students to report use of a professional academic writing service. Both NUHEP and university educators require systematic professional development regarding the relationship between the teaching and learning environment and students’ contract cheating behaviour. NUHEPs need to be cognisant of students’ vulnerability to commercial contract cheating services, and ensure they have access to timely academic and social support. 相似文献
11.
COLLEGE CHEATING IN JAPAN AND THE UNITED STATES 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Diekhoff George M. Labeff Emily E. Shinohara Kohei Yasukawa Hajime 《Research in higher education》1999,40(3):343-353
This paper reports the results of a survey onacademic dishonesty given to samples of 392 American and276 Japanese college students in 1994 and 1995. Our datarevealed both cross-cultural differences and similarities in cheating behavior andattitudes. Compared to American students, Japanesestudents reported a higher incidence rate of cheating onexams, a greater tendency to neutralize (i.e., justify) cheating, and a greater passivity in theirreactions to the observed cheating of others. Amongcheaters of both nationalities, Japanese students ratedsocial stigma and fear of punishment as less effective in deterring cheating than did Americanstudents. Our data also revealed cross-culturalsimilarities. Among noncheaters of both nationalities,guilt was the most effective deterrent. Among cheatersof both nationalities, fear of punishment was the mosteffective deterrent. And students of both cultures,cheaters and noncheaters alike, viewed social stigma asthe least effective deterrent to cheating. In both cultures, most students react to cheating byignoring it, about one-third react by resenting it, andactive reactions (i.e., reporting the cheating orconfronting the cheater) were seldom reported.Explanations for cross-cultural differences are suggested,and implications of these findings for efforts to reducecheating are discussed. 相似文献
12.
13.
Yulia Poltorak 《Higher Education》1995,30(2):225-246
This paper reports the results of the first survey conducted in Moscow on student cheating behavior in December of 1991. I propose that cheating, like many other forms of deviant behavior, can be explained as rooted in the social structure. I propose a way of combining Merton's structural approach with the learning theory of deviant behavior. Merton's typology of individual adaptation is extended to a case where there is a difference between official and unofficial goals and means. I use the theory of neutralization to understand how students justified cheating in such social conditions. The survey revealed that an overwhelming majority of students cheat, and that students justify cheating by saying that it is the fault of the education system. In addition my results suggest that there was a linkage between the macro structure of Soviet society (including its educational system) and cheating behavior among students. The structure of the Soviet system provided opportunities and motivation to cheat together with the rationale to justify cheating. The changes which were introduced with Perestroika only worsened the situation by blurring the notions of appropriate and deviant behavior in many spheres of life. The implications for the present changes going on in Russia are discussed.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Eastern Sociological Society Meeting (Boston, March 1993). I am grateful for the helpful comments of Jerry A. Jacobs, Ewa Morawska, Harold Bershady and Paul Wolpe. 相似文献
14.
为全面了解当代大学生的社会公德意识与践行以及接受相关教育的情况,以构建一个切实可行的大学生社会公德教育体系,通过梳理过去几十年来国内外与大学生社会公德相关的研究成果,发现学者们主要就大学生社会公德意识现状、大学生社会公德失范现象的原因及教育的对策展开了研究。研究结果表明:尽管当代大学生对社会公德有一定的理解,但这并不意味着他们的实际行为达到了如此高的水平。当代大学生在思想认识与实际行为之间存在着巨大的反差。因此,我们在构建适应新型社会环境的社会公德教育体系时,应重点放在如何促使大学生对社会公德的自觉践行上。 相似文献
15.
当前,高校考务管理中存在着一些不容忽视的问题,在学生中也不同程度地存在着考试作弊现象,严重地破坏了公平竞争的环境和良好学风的建设。高校应加强考务管理,改革学生评价制度,奖惩分明,以减少学生作弊现象,加强考风建设,树立良好学风。 相似文献
16.
查恒效 《河北能源职业技术学院学报》2010,10(4):14-14,20
大学生的考试作弊违纪现象不容忽视,分析了大学生作弊原因、形式。提出了加强诚信教育、改进教学和考试方式、营造公平竞争环境、提高学生心理素质等防范考试作弊行为的教育对策。 相似文献
17.
目的:探讨藏族大学生社会支持与问题行为的关系。方法:采用社会支持评定量表和青少年行为问卷,对西藏地区三所高校的460名藏族大学生进行问卷调查。结果:(1)藏族大学生客观支持与退缩、神经质、考试焦虑和问题行为总分存在显著负相关,主观支持与攻击行为、退缩、神经质、考试焦虑和问题行为总分存在显著负相关,支持利用度与问题行为各维度和问题行为总分不存在相关。(2)回归分析发现,藏族大学生主观支持可以预测攻击行为、退缩、神经质和考试焦虑,客观支持与支持利用度均无法预测问题行为,社会支持的三个维度对问题行为的学业适应不良、违纪都没有显著影响。结论:社会支持是影响藏族大学生问题行为的重要因素之一。 相似文献
18.
韩岁娟 《宁波教育学院学报》2009,11(5):16-19
通过问卷调查法,对甘肃省某高校966名大学生作弊的现状、动机、原因进行调查研究,分析大学生作弊的因素,得出大学生没有对作弊问题做到正确认识,某些教师在上课过程中没有做到科学化、合理化教学,校风建设不容忽视,整个唯分数论的评价奖励体系已不适应学生良性发展等结论。从学生、教师、学校、社会等角度提出解决问题的相关建议。 相似文献
19.
蔡丹丰 《宁波大学学报(教育科学版)》2016,(5):83-086
目的:分析大学生考试作弊相关影响因素,为降低考试作弊率提供科学决策依据。方法:采用自愿填写问卷调查表的方式,对600名来自浙江宁波三所高校的大学生进行问卷调查,并采用logistic回归模型分析不同因素对大学生作弊的影响。结果:“学习成绩”“年级”“教学质量”“作弊被抓概率”“作弊惩罚力度”对大学生考试作弊率没有影响,“性别”“对作弊的态度”“效仿作弊情况”对考试作弊率影响显著。结论:为了降低大学生考试作弊率,学校应积极对监考老师进行相关培训,大力加强对大学生的思想品德教育。 相似文献
20.
组织各级各类考试是高校评价学生学习效果的重要手段之一,但学生的作弊行为却严重破坏了考试制度的公平性和有效性。以经济学的成本—收益分析法为工具,从考试中学生和监考人员两个角度出发,分析高校学生考试作弊的原因,并提出相应的对策,具有重要的现实指导意义。 相似文献