共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 296 毫秒
1.
In secondary schools, subjects dominate teaching and also the organizational structures. Typically, subject department heads perform a middle-management role in secondary schools and often this role is taken-for-granted and unquestioned. In this article, we examine the impact on secondary school culture and the resulting changes to practice when the department middle-management structure and roles are open to revision. We investigate the experiences of two schools that are part of a longitudinal study on reculturing and restructuring in all secondary schools in one school district in Ontario, Canada. Our research indicates that structural change initiated by school level participants is a prerequisite to real change and that structural changes preceded cultural changes. However, it is the process of creating the new structures that is the key consideration as mandating an alternative might not be facilitative of cultural change. The primary research question guiding this article is: what impact does involvement in restructuring a middle-management organizational model have on the culture of a school and the change process experienced by staff members? 相似文献
2.
Carole Leathwood 《Gender and education》2005,17(4):387-409
This article draws on case study research in two further education (FE) colleges to explore the ways in which women administrators, lecturers and managers negotiate and construct their (gendered, racialized and classed) identities in the workplace. The context is that of the restructuring of education, the ‘feminization’ of educational management, and debates about the de‐ or re‐professionalization of lecturers. The article illustrates how discourses of femininity are drawn upon in the construction of professional identities, and are used to both perform and resist new worker identities and gendered power relations. Despite optimistic discourses about a ‘female future’, the restructuring of further education does not, as yet, appear to have resulted in any notable challenge to the gendered, racialized and classed FE labour market. 相似文献
3.
Globalization and educational restructuring: University merging and changing governance in China 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
This article sets out in the context of globalization to identify, examine and discuss issues related to structural adjustment and educational restructuring in China, with particular reference to university merging and changes in higher education governance models. While it is basically an historical and documentary analysis of policy change in Chinese higher education, this article focuses on restructuring strategies that the Chinese government has adopted to make its university systems more competitive and efficient in the global market context. University merging in China should not be simply understood as a pure higher education reform but rather a fundamental change in higher education governance model from an ‘interventionist state model’ to an ‘accelerationist state model’. Rather than globalization bringing about the decline of the nation state, this article shows transformations taking place in Chinese universities may not necessarily diminish the capacity of the state but instead make the Chinese government a more activist state in certain aspects. 相似文献
4.
MENG Qing-xuan 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2007,8(6):932-938
Corporate restructuring was identified as a new industrial force that has great impact on economic values and that therefore has become central in daily financial decision making. This article investigates the optimal restructuring strategies under different dynamic factors and their numerous impacts on firm value. The concept of quasi-leverage is introduced and valuation models are built for corporate debt and equity under imperfect market conditions. The model＇s input variables include the quasi-leverage and other firm-specific parameters, the output variables include multiple corporate security values. The restructuring cost is formulated in the form of exponential function, which allows us to observe the sensitivity of the variation in security values. The unified model and its analytical solution developed in this research allow us to examine the continuous changes of security values by dynamically changing the coupon rates, riskless interest rate, bankruptcy cost, quasi-leverage, personal tax rate, corporate taxes rate, transaction cost, firm risk, etc., so that the solutions provide useful guidance for financing and restructuring decisions. 相似文献
5.
School effectiveness is a microtechnology of change. It is a relay device, which transfers macro policy into everyday processes and priorities in schools. It is part of the growing apparatus of performance evaluation. Change is brought about by a focus on the school as a site-based system to be managed. There has been corporate restructuring in response to the changing political economy of education. There are now new work regimes and radical changes in organizational cultures. Education, like other public services, is now characterized by a range of structural realignments, new relationships between purchasers and providers and new coalitions between management and politics. In this article, we will argue that the school effectiveness movement is an example of new managerialism in education. It is part of an ideological and technological process to industrialize educational productivity. That is to say, the emphasis on standards and standardization is evocative of production regimes drawn from industry. There is a belief that education, like other public services can be managed to ensure optimal outputs and zero defects in the educational product. 相似文献
6.
The struggle for livelihood has always been of central concern to working class people. In Australia today the concentration of unemployment raises issues which must be seen as part of an historical process, involving the reconstruction of social division and the struggle for the right to subsistence. These issues are examined in this article, with particular attention to the social and economic changes which have produced this threat to livelihood. Our research has shown that the responses of working class young people to this situation bring into sharp relief the complex social processes through which social division is produced. The evidence suggests that the cultural perspectives of working class males and females in Australia still have a force and significance which represent a potential challenge to the present pattern of restructuring of the economy which has resulted in such widespread unemployment. This raises particular questions about the growth in local employment initiatives in Australia (as in Europe) and its implications for curriculum development in schools in working class neighbourhoods. 相似文献
7.
A significant global trend during the 1990s is the restructuring of higher education systems. The essence of this restructuring process is a redefinition of the relationship between institutions of higher learning, the state, and the market, and a drastic reduction of institutional autonomy. This article is an analysis of the restructuring process in the forms of privatisation of higher education and corporatisation of public universities in Malaysia. This analysis highlights the context of higher education reforms in the era of globalization, major trends in higher education reforms and Malaysias responses to these global trends. By focusing on the institutional level, this article examines the expansion and diversification of private higher education as well as the change in the governance and culture of public universities brought about by privatisation and corporatisation. 相似文献
8.
《International Journal of Educational Development》2006,26(4):373-381
This article applies Foucault's notion of governmentality to educational restructuring in post-apartheid South Africa. It argues that the nature of government in a modern state entails engaging with particular practices and domains of knowledge, which themselves constrain the changes that are conceivable and credible. Using Foucault's concepts of ‘conduct of conduct’, regimes of practices and ‘saviors’, the article outlines the approach adopted by the new government in relation to establishing constitutional ground rules and managing the economy. It argues that in its approach to restructuring education, the new government prioritised issues relating to the ‘conduct of conduct’. The article suggests that Foucault's approach of questioning normalisations might yield alternative accounts of the exercise of governmental power in changing education. It ends by proposing that a range of theoretical framings be used in engaging critically with educational change. 相似文献
9.
长期以来,国企变革作为一场广泛而深刻的变革,是我国经济体制改革的一项老大难课题。本文从产权经济学角度论述了企业改制的理论基础,提出国企改制不应仅考虑企业的经济属性,还应考虑其社会属性。本文认为,在国企改制中,我们应注意应优先建立改革配套的环境和机制,建立、健全国企改制监督机制,明晰政府的职能和作用,以及国企股份制改革不一定要民营化。 相似文献
10.
学术教育和职业教育的整合是指通过改变课程、重构组织、教师之间开展合作、加强与就业的联系等措施，使两类教育融为一个有序整体。格拉伯（Grubb）在1991年提出了8种整合模式，对其进行了系统的总结归纳。这些研究对我国综合高中课程的改革有重要借鉴意义。 相似文献
11.
王鲁迪 《湖北广播电视大学学报》2011,31(10):65-66
经济体制的转型对于政治体制的要求与当前政治体制现存状态存在着矛盾,尤其是对政府职能的要求越来越高,地方政府职能的转变具有迫切性和必要性。本文分析了我国当前地方政府职能转变面临的困难,比如地方政府职能的自身定位不清晰,市场监管职能实施不合理,社会管理职能定位不准确,服务职能没有得到充分的发挥出来等等。针对这些问题和困难提出了相应的改进措施和建议。 相似文献
12.
Research on restructuring in education has focused mainly on the early stages of organizational and curriculum change. Whether the changes introduced through restructuring endure, and whether they result in long‐term benefits for students and teachers remains in question. This paper argues that the dynamics of ‘institutionalization’ and ‘renewal’ drawn from prior research on the implementation of educational innovations applies to changes wrought through restructuring, as well. The argument is presented in light of past research on institutionalization and a longitudinal case study of a restructured high school. 相似文献
13.
In this article, we present a framework for assessing changes in conceptual knowledge commonly found in scientific domains. In particular, we identify the underlying organizational patterns and contents that make up pictorial, diagrammatic, process, and procedural knowledge. These patterns are called knowledge models. Once we have defined and illustrated these models, we then demonstrate how the knowledge-updating strategies of accretion, fine tuning, and restructuring (Vosniadou & Brewer, 1987) can be rendered measurable. We next demonstrate how knowledge modeling can be used to profile changes in students' conceptual knowledge as they learn about meiosis (Cavallo, 1991). We conclude by discussing how knowledge modeling can be used to provide (a) comparability and common interpretability between studies investigating knowledge acquisition, (b) a framework for teachers to organize and transmit knowledge in their classrooms, (c) a framework for students to construct understanding of scientific phenomena, and (d) a framework for designing systematic hypertext and multimedia environments. We argue that, by using the knowledge models proposed in this article, researchers, teachers, students, and instructional designers can communicate through a universal interface for organizing and updating conceptual knowledge. 相似文献
14.
政治体制改革的原则必须与时俱进。原有政治体制改革原则是政治体制改革新原则的前提和基础,政治体制改革新原则是对原有政治体制改革原则的继承与发展,是对原有政治体制改革的提升、提炼和升华。政治体制改革的新原则包括:民主原则,即政治体制改革的启动机制是民主互动的,博弈机制是民主双赢的,以民主文化为支撑的,民主的实质是给人的尊严与幸福提供保障;宪政原则,即把民主纳入宪政的轨道,公民才有良质,社会进步才有良序;完善根本制度原则,即人民代表大会制度有很大的拓展空间;遵守宪法原则,即政治体制改革必须在宪法和法律的范围内进行。 相似文献
15.
Joseph Zajda 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2003,49(1-2):111-132
This article examines the impact of social change and economic transformation on adult education and lifelong learning in post-Soviet Russia. The article begins with a brief economic and historical background to lifelong learning and adult education in terms of its significance as a feature of the Russian cultural heritage. An analysis of Ministerial education policy and curriculum changes reveals that these policies reflect neo-liberal and neo-conservative paradigms in the post-Soviet economy and education. Current issues and trends in adult education are also discussed, with particular attention to the Adult Education Centres, which operate as a vast umbrella framework for a variety of adult education and lifelong learning initiatives. The Centres are designed to promote social justice by means of compensatory education and social rehabilitation for individuals dislocated by economic restructuring. The article comments on their role in helping to develop popular consciousness of democratic rights and active citizenship in a participatory and pluralistic democracy. 相似文献
16.
The restructuring of higher education in Australia has meant the redefinition of the roles of former Colleges of Advanced Education staff regarding research, thus re‐opening for debate the question of the relative importance of teaching and research in universities and the relationship between the two. This article explores these issues through the perceptions of the first 12 winners of awards for excellence in teaching at the University of Sydney. As might be expected, the award winners tended to give higher priority to teaching than to research but in doing so made many significant comments about the two. Comments about the relationship between teaching and research ranged from supporting the idea that the two are independent to the belief that they were interdependent. More complex views were taken by those who saw teaching and research in constant interaction. The article concludes with questions as to the likely beliefs of those whose eminence is as researchers rather than as teachers. 相似文献
17.
Joseph Murphy 《School Effectiveness & School Improvement》2013,24(4):349-375
Since the mid‐1980s, major efforts to reform education throughout the world have been unfolding under the banner of school restructuring. Central to this agenda for reform are alterations in the roles of all educational stakeholders. While a good deal of conceptual work, and some empirical analyses, have been devoted to the topic of role changes for teachers, administrators, parents, community members, and students at the school level, considerably less is known about the effects of restructuring on the role of central office administrators. By analyzing the perceptions of 74 chief executive officers about how restructuring is shaping the superintendency in Kentucky, the study reported herein helps address this gap in the knowledge base. Three themes emerge from the analysis: (1) an enhanced role for superintendents in developing community; (2) a redefinition of the type of leadership needed to administer empowered schools; and (3) a mighty struggle to help individual schools deal with the process of systemic change. 相似文献
18.
This paper reports findings from an enthographic study of educational restructuring in an Institute of Technical and Further Education (TAFE) in Victoria Australia. Educational restructuring is analysed as a process of institutional redesign and theorized in relation to recent debates in institutional theory concerning the nature of institutional change. The review distinguishes between hyperrational approaches to institutional redesign based upon assumptions about rational actors and their motivations and behaviours, and social and cultural perspectives on institutional redesign that sees purposeful institutional change achieved through processes of ‘institutional gardening’. The paper documents the way Australian governments have adopted hyperrational strategies aimed at changing education and training by reworking institutional rules that frame the day-to-day practices within particular organizations. Reworking these practices of organizing serves to steer change by restructuring and rearticulating relationships, practices and centres of power within organizations. Data drawn from interviews with the TAFE Institute Director, and various managers and teachers are used to track the effects of government steering in the TAFE Institute. This analysis shows that government steering drives management steering in the TAFE Institute, creating new imperatives and work organization. These organizational changes are influenced by local conditions and management priorities. They also call forth counter-steering by teachers and managers as they attempt to deal with change. The paper suggests that hyperrational government steering drives towards probable educational futures but is also interrupted by counter-steering oriented to other values and priorities. While there are probable futures, there are also preferred futures to be willed for and worked for. 相似文献
19.
Clive Dimmock 《School Effectiveness & School Improvement》2013,24(2):137-162
As attention turns from restructuring to school design as a means of securing school improvement, a bewildering range of design programmes/models are available. How are schools to make informed choices about their relative merits? This article suggests a classification, based on 10 criteria, by which to categorize their features, and to draw comparisons between them. The particular design adopted by the case school is described and analysed in terms of the classificatory framework, and its implementation by the perspective of the school leader/change agent. Finally, conclusions are drawn about the usefulness of the framework as a heuristic “device” for characterizing school design models (SDM) and their implementation. It is argued that refinement of the classificatory framework would result from similar case studies and the perspectives of others – besides the school leader/change agent – involved in their implementation. 相似文献
20.
李思龙 《海南师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2003,16(4):119-122
针对汉语和英语在表达方式上的差异，译者在汉译英过程中应采取各种方法来减少和消除这种差异。文中通过大量的时事汉译英译例，介绍并分析了增词法、省略法、转换法、结构调整法、遣词用字法等一些常用翻译技巧在时事汉译英中的运用。 相似文献