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1.
Schools have a considerable influence on children's development, through proximal factors such as teachers and curriculum, but also through indirect effects of school policies. Although some policies and programs have the potential to increase stress and burden on students, educators, as well as the broader educational context, several programs have demonstrated a positive impact on the school environment. This article considers the role of some educational policies, programs, and activities related to discipline and teacher behavior, which together influence the school environment. Programs that set high expectations for student performance, healthy social-emotional learning, and positive behavior support are highlighted, due in part to rigorous research demonstrating both their broad reach and their impact on a range of learning and positive behavioral outcomes. Despite the potential significance of policies on the learning environment, there has been limited systematic research documenting the impact of policies on the school environment more broadly. This article concludes by identifying some areas for future study. 相似文献
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This study investigated the effects of a multi-pronged approach of increasing the nature of science (NOS) understandings of high school science students. The participants consist of 63 high school students: 31 in the intervention group and 32 in the control group. Explicit/reflective NOS instruction was imbedded within authentic inquiry experiences and supported by online discussions. The students in the intervention group were prompted to engage in various discussions focusing on essential tenets of NOS in an online environment that assured student confidentiality. NOS views were assessed through multiple data sources including pre- and post-intervention questionnaires as well as students’ responses to online discussion prompts. Results show that the instructional intervention used in this study which combined explicit/reflective NOS instruction with intense inquiry exposure along with ample reflective opportunities in an anonymous online discussion format led to positive learning gains in participants’ understanding the NOS aspects assessed. Implications for enhancing data collection with high school students and for promising professional development opportunities for science educators are discussed. 相似文献
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Janette McDougall David J. DeWit Gillian King Linda T. Miller Steve Killip 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》2004,51(3):287-313
Negative peer attitudes are generally recognised as being a major barrier to full social inclusion at school for children and youth with disabilities. The present study examined the attitudes of 1,872 grade nine high school students in Ontario, Canada toward their peers with disabilities. A bioecological perspective and a structural equation modeling approach were adopted to investigate how various aspects of school culture and student interpersonal factors influenced attitudes. The majority of students (61%) held attitudes toward peers with disabilities that ranged from slightly above neutral to very positive. However, a substantial number (21%) held slightly below neutral to very negative attitudes. Positive student relationships at the school level and a school goal task structure that promoted learning and understanding for all students, rather than social comparison and competition among students, were two aspects of school culture that had both direct associations with positive attitudes and indirect associations through student interpersonal factors. Teacher and student relationships at the school level was an aspect of school culture that had an indirect association with positive attitudes via interpersonal support from teachers. Results support the development of ecologically based programs aimed at promoting aspects of school culture that contribute to positive attitudes of students toward their peers with disabilities. 相似文献
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School is a very important element of society. Students and teachers learn many lessons, academic and otherwise, that influence
their personal well-being and academic success. Often, however, school does not provide the positive learning or working environment
that is most beneficial for our students and teachers. As a first year principal, Pepper realized that a more positive school
climate was the key to confronting many of the challenges in the school where she worked. Through an autoethnographical approach
supported by her personal journals, Pepper's experiences are described as she witnessed the negative effects that an authoritarian
leadership style had on school climate and, subsequently, the morale and success of students and teachers within the school
setting. As she made the change to a transformational leader, she came to realize that this leadership style had a more positive
effect on the learning and working environment. Her change in leadership style and guidance, with input from teachers, staff,
students, parents, and community members, resulted in the school becoming a more positive, caring place to learn and work
for everyone involved.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
6.
Data, based on responses of 1274 Australia secondary school students, are reported which link the student's learning motives and strategies to both personological and school environment factors and learning outcomes. The results indicate substantial positive relationships between the students’ level of self‐esteem and their perceptions of the learning environment as enjoyable and worthwhile with both deep and achieving approaches to learning. Students with more versatile learning strategies are also likely to be the more successful academically. 相似文献
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The constructivist paradigm opens abundant opportunities for effective knowledge construction in which student build knowledge and continually evaluated and improved their knowledge. The teaching mode under constructivist pedagogy redefines the role of students and the teachers and their interrelationships by creating a nurturing environment. By adapting constructivist framework, this article demonstrates how the variation of learning practices was critical in facilitating Primary 4 students in Singapore to carry out seamless science learning. The variation of learning practices enables the students to explore a particular scientific concept through various learning experience across the contexts. The study adapted the framework of the Objects of Constructivist Learning Model for the improvement of the seamless science learning design. When redesigning the lesson, a conscious effort was made by the teacher to create relevant patterns of variation, that is, varying certain critical aspect(s) while keeping other aspects of the object of learning invariant in order to help students discern those critical aspects. The findings contribute knowledge to how the Theory of Variation can be used in analyzing seamless learning as well as designing for constructivist learning experiences. The findings have also demonstrated that the complementary practice of constructivist pedagogy with variation theory as a viable and effective approach in seamless science learning, at which it deepened students' understanding through constructing the critical aspects of a phenomenon. Engagement with primary school students in experiencing the variations allowed the translation of theory into practice. 相似文献
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This article reports an evaluation of a peer mediation scheme in a special school for students with moderate learning difficulties. The evaluation of the project focused on two aspects: the effectiveness of the training of the mediators and the effect of the project on the school community. The author concluded that pupils with moderate learning difficulties have the ability to mediate successfully; that the process can develop their social skills and emotional literacy; and can play a notable part in increasing cooperation between pupils within the school environment. 相似文献
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本文使用学习动机问卷和学习自我效能感问卷调查了848名初中生,结果表明其学习动机以深层型动机为最强,其次是成就型动机,表面型动机较弱。表面型动机与学习行为、学习能力之间均呈较弱的负相关,深层型动机与学习行为、学习能力之间均呈中等强度的正相关,成就型动机与学习行为之间呈较弱的正相关,而与学习能力之间的相关强度非常弱。这些相关验证了一个学习动机模型的一部分。 相似文献
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通过对我国道德教育的变迁和西方道德教育的现状进行考察,对我国中小学学生价值观变化及学校德育环境进行文献分析和实地调研,我们从课程目标、课堂教学、班级建设、环境优化和教师专业发展诸方面展开了重建学校德育的尝试,并提出若干尚待深究的问题。我们的研究主要围绕如下相关联的核心问题展开：（1）我们处于什么样的价值多元背景下,这一背景的由来如何？（2）中小学学生身处这样的背景,价值观发生了什么样的变化？这些变化的环境原因是什么？（3）要应对这样的变化,学校德育应如何进行重建？（4）这样的背景及学校德育重建对教师的专业成长提出了哪些要求？ 相似文献
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Nasrin Mohammadhasani Hashem Fardanesh Javad Hatami Naser Mozayani Rosa Angela Fabio 《Education and Information Technologies》2018,23(6):2299-2308
Gaining the attention is the first key step to enhance learning. In Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) as the most prevalent deficit in school age, the learners face some impairment in attention that requires appropriate intervention. An environment that embedded Pedagogical Agent in computer-assisted instruction (CAI) has been designed to support learning through gaining and guiding attention to relevant information for these students. This study investigated how much the presence of pedagogical agent can improve learning in ADHD students. The learning environment was integrated with a pedagogical agent, named Koosha, as a tutor and motivator. This study employed a pretest and posttest experimental design with a control group. The statistical population was 30 boy students with ADHD in primary school from the North of Iran. The participants were randomly assigned to work with either an agent presenting a multimedia program or without an agent in mathematics. The results (Analysis of covariance -ANCOVA) suggested that experimental and control groups show a significant difference in mathematics achievement. According to this research, using the pedagogical agent can enhance the learning of ADHD students; so it can be considered as a valid school-base intervention for these students. 相似文献
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Recent science educational policy reform efforts call for a shift toward practice-focused instruction in kindergarten–Grade 12 science education. We argue that this focus on engaging students in epistemic practices of science opens up new possibilities for the design of learning environments that support the stabilization of learners’ science-linked identities. Learning environments often assume that youth come to them without relevant identity resources to contribute or that the learning environment has no bearing on the disciplinary identification of individuals. We conducted this research while developing a year-long course to teach high school biology by engaging youth in interest-driven projects focused on contemporary topics. We explored how engaging youth in the epistemic practices of science in culturally expansive ways supported their science-linked identification. We propose a model grounded in social practice theory that describes aspects of students’ stabilization of disciplinary identities. We found that (a) deepening participation in scientific practices is linked to whether or not youth have opportunities to coordinate their engagement with their existing identities; and (b) material, relational, and ideational identity resources and qualities of the learning environment mediate how youth stabilize disciplinary identities in interactional moments. 相似文献
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The paper discusses children’ attitudes towards school and learning soon after entering primary school in Hungary. First and second grade primary school students (N?=?33) were interviewed. The interviews explored the following questions: What are the teachers’ and the children’s roles in the classroom? What is learning? Where do children learn? What kind of learning strategies do students use in arithmetic and reading? How are students evaluated in the school? What do students like best about school? The data suggest that the children quickly adapt to the school environment and, on the whole, have a positive attitude towards school and learning but—with a few exceptions—their views on the role of schooling in life reflect traditional, school subject centred goals and values and little awareness of the learning process. 相似文献
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高中学生人格与主观幸福感关系的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
夏俊丽 《福建师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2006,(4):159-162
为了揭示高中学生人格与主观幸福感的关系,采用量表法,对分层随机抽取的全国1968名高中学生进行测查,结果表明:(1)高中男生的主观幸福感明显高于女生,而且在正性情感、学习满意感和身体满意感上有显著差异;省级达标校的高中学生学习满意感优于市级达标校,市级达标校的高中学生学习满意感优于普通校,省级达标校的高中学生身体满意感优于市级达标校和普通校.(2)人格特质是高中学生主观幸福感的有效预测量变,神经质与高中学生主观幸福感呈负相关的关系;外倾与高中学生主观幸福感呈正相关的关系.(3)人格对高中学生主观幸福感的情感成份预测效应最大,对一般生活满意感预测效应高于特殊生活满意感. 相似文献
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对目前中学生的学习状况可从多个方面进行衡量。在整合已有研究的基础上,中学生学习状况的衡量维度可以分为：学习动机、学习兴趣、学习策略、学习适应性、学习主观幸福感、学习自我效能感、学习倦怠、学习负担、学习心态九个方面。今后的研究应从中学生学习状况的多维化着手,试图从整合的角度来探讨中学生的学习和学习状况,加强有关＂中学生学习状况衡量维度＂的实证探讨,以便为编制有效的测查工具提供科学的依据。 相似文献
16.
随着当前社会和经济的发展,有关部门针对高中教学模式及教学理念提出了相关的调整措施。高中政治作为学生的必修科目,其枯燥的政治理论和政治思想让学生难以接受,但如果教师能够适当地调整教学模式,学生就够很好地转变学习思维。本文通过传统教学模式的叙述和议题式教学的创新对比,进一步推出高中政治课堂上应用议题式教学的理论方法。 相似文献
17.
Adedapo Adewunmi Oluwatayo Peter A. Aderonmu Egidario B. Aduwo 《Learning Environments Research》2015,18(1):129-142
Scholars have agreed that the way in which students perceive their learning environments influences their academic performance. Empirical studies that focus on architecture students, however, have been very scarce. This is the gap that an attempt is filled in this study. A questionnaire survey of 273 students in a school of architecture in Nigeria provided data for this pilot study. The perceptions of the students were best defined by the involvement of the students in their studies, the perceived support, and conduciveness of the learning environment. The students’ perceptions of their learning environment varied with their years of study, age and gender. Their perceptions of inflexibility of schedule, positive assessment, and fairness influenced the overall grades of students. The results suggests which aspects of learning environment that can be manipulated by architectural educators to improve the performance of their students. The study of the learning environment of architecture students still appears to be relatively unexplored. The value of this study therefore lies in its exploration of the perceptions of the learning environment from the point of view of students. 相似文献
18.
胡卫珍 《四川职业技术学院学报》2011,21(2):114-116
中职学校适用的《会计英语》应该是利用一些会计工作场景,以任务驱动的方式,在会计岗位上运用、学习相关的英语口语及专业术语等,实现"做中学,学中做",为会计从业者与会计专业学生的职业发展提供帮助,以满足岗位需求,让英语老师教得起,让中职学生学得起,让毕业生用得起。 相似文献
19.
Since students have lost their interest in school science, several student-centered approaches, such as using topics that are relevant for students, inquiry-based learning, and discussion-based learning have been implemented to attract pupils into science. However, the effect of these approaches was usually measured in small-scale research, and thus, the large-scale evidence supporting student-centered approaches in general use is insufficient. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the effect of student-centered approaches on students’ interest and achievement by analyzing a large-scale data set derived from Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2006, to add evidence for advocating these approaches in school science, and to generalize the effects on a large population. We used Finnish PISA 2006 data, which is the most recent data that measures science literacy and that contains relevant variables for the constructs of this study. As a consequence of the factor analyses, four teaching methods were grouped as student-centered approaches (relevant topic-based, open and guided inquiry-based, and discussion-based approaches in school science) from the Finnish PISA 2006 sample. The structural equation modeling result indicated that using topics relevant for students positively affected students’ interest and achievement in science. Guided inquiry-based learning was also indicated as a strong positive predictor for students’ achievement, and its effect was also positively associated with students’ interest. On the other hand, open inquiry-based learning was indicated as a strong negative predictor for students’ achievement, as was using discussion in school science. Implications and limitations of the study were discussed. 相似文献
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从21世纪初开始,随着网络、信息和计算机多媒体教育向教育的普及,中学各学科的教学改革获得了极大的促进,这对中学英语课堂的教学具有很大意义。自2018年,中学英语教学的科学实施网络、计算机辅助教学,从兴趣爱好、知识综合、影像共存、练习拓展和自学等各个方面入手,创造了积极教育环境和良好的教育氛围,这在促进中学英语教学向高质量高水平迈进的同时,深受学生和家长的好评。 相似文献