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1.
张歆柳 《忻州师范学院学报》2013,29(4):104-106
文章采用张文新等修订的Olweus儿童欺负问卷(Bully Questionaire)初中版为测查工具,对榆次区589名初中生进行抽样调查。结果显示:初中生存在较为严重的欺负现象,有18.34%的初中生卷入欺负/受欺负问题;无论欺负者还是受欺负者,卷入欺负问题的男生所占比例均高于女生。初中阶段学生欺负/受欺负问题的发生率随年级的升高而下降;初中生受欺负后,告诉同学的比例最高,告诉家长的次之,告诉老师的比例最低。初中生受欺负后,父母比教师重视程度明显要高。初中生欺负同学后,父母比教师重视程度略高,但双方差异不大。 相似文献
2.
本研究采用Olweus儿童欺负/受欺负问卷对农村750名4~6年级儿童进行整群抽样调查,发现300名农村留守儿童受到三类欺负显著高于450名农村非留守儿童(p<0.01);农村留守儿童受欺负状况方面,未发现显著性别差异;在年级差异方面,农村留守儿童受欺负在直接身体欺负和间接欺负上未存在显著差异,但六年级农村留守儿童显著比四年级儿童更容易受到他人直接言语欺负(p<0.05).农村留守儿童受欺负现象严重,提高他们的学习成绩,改善同伴接纳水平,塑造积极的自我概念,增强体质,提升亲子沟通质量是保护他们免受欺负的关键因素. 相似文献
3.
欺负是中小学普遍存在的一种攻击行为,如不加以干预,会对儿童的身心健康产生消极影响。欺负人的儿童(欺负者)会形成“欺负有理”的错误观念,形成攻击性人格,以致出现犯罪行为;受欺负儿童则容易因此出现逃学、学习成绩下降、自信心不足等问题。作为教育工作者,应对此给予足够的重视,并采取有效的措施, 以减少此类行为的发生。 相似文献
4.
欺负行为是儿童身上较为常见的不良行为。采用Olweus儿童欺负问卷,对教师与家长这两类成人群体对小学儿童欺负行为的干预现状的调查研究表明:(1)关于儿童在学校受欺负之事,成人的关注与干预程度较低。其中,教师与家长关注程度的差异达到显著水平。(2)当儿童受到欺负后,向成人求助的比率较低。(3)关于儿童在学校欺负他人之事,成人的关注与干预程度较低。 相似文献
5.
校园欺负问题是一个在校园中存在较为普遍的现象,欺负行为对受欺负者的身心健康具有很大的伤害性,会导致儿童情绪抑郁、注意力分散、孤独、逃学、学习成绩下降和失眠,严重的会导致自杀.应结合实践对受欺负者进行积极的心理干预:正视校园受欺负现象,与受欺负者共情;开展自信心训练,增强个人力量;进行社会技能训练,提高人际适应能力等.以减轻对受欺负者的心理伤害,使其健康、快乐成长. 相似文献
6.
张广利 《中国石油大学胜利学院学报》2006,20(1):53-55
据对寄宿制初中校园学生欺负干预现状的调查发现，儿童受欺负后告诉同学或朋友的比例最高，告诉老师的比例最低；儿童受欺负时老师进行阻止的比例最高，但主动找受欺负学生谈心的比例最低。这说明学校的反欺负工作还处于自发状态。为此，学校在欺负干预工作中应采取以下措施：制定全校性的反欺负政策}加大反欺负政策和干预策略的宣传力度；对教师尤其是班主任进行欺负干预策略专门培训；建立受欺负者的同伴支持交流并对同伴进行应对欺负策略训练；建立定期的检查、监控、总结、表彰制度。 相似文献
7.
朱瑾 《中小学心理健康教育》2011,(2):14-16
校园欺负问题是一个具有普遍意义的社会问题,欺负行为对受欺负者的身心健康具有很丈的伤、害性,会导致儿童情绪抑郁,注意力分散、孤独、逃学、学习成绩下降和失眠,严重的会导致自杀。痔此对受欺负者进行积极的心理干预,通过正视校园欺负现象,与受欺负者共情;开展自信心训练,增强个人力量;进行社会技能训练,提高人际适应能力等途径,以减轻对受欺负者的心理伤害,使其健康、快乐成长。 相似文献
8.
利用张文新修订的Olweus欺负问卷、陈欣银等人修订的儿童社会行为量表、社会提名法等对827名中小学生进行测查,考察中小学生受欺负的状况,及与其行为表现、同伴关系之间关系.结果发现:(1)总体而言,中小学生受欺负的发生率比较高,且相当稳定;(2)中小学生受欺负与同伴接纳显著负相关,与同伴拒绝显著正相关,即儿童受欺负频次越高,其同伴接纳越少,同伴拒绝越多;(3)在中小学中,儿童的社会行为在儿童受欺负对同伴关系的影响中起部分中介作用.受欺负频次通过社会行为中的攻击行为和羞怯-退缩行为间接地影响同伴关系. 相似文献
9.
城市流动儿童的学校欺负与学校适应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
谭千保 《当代教育理论与实践》2010,2(2):94-96
以758名流动儿童为被试对象,采用儿童欺负问卷和在校行为子量表施测,探索城市流动儿童的学校欺负与学校适应及其关系。结果发现：卷入受欺负和欺负的流动儿童比例相对较高;男生欺负他人的比例显著高于女生,而受欺负比例低于女生;不同性质学校的流动儿童受欺负和欺负他人的比例没有显著性差异;学校适应的性别和学校性质的交互作用不显著,主效应均达到了统计学意义的显著性水平;不同欺负类型的流动儿童学校适应差异显著,具体体现在常规、师生关系和同学关系上;受欺负、欺负他人程度与学校适应及其五个维度之间均呈负相关。 相似文献
10.
本文通过问卷调查241名3～6年级受欺负儿童,发现学龄儿童的受欺负对象、受欺负后的求助行为及心理、同伴关系与同伴地位均存在性别差异：男生主要受一个男生欺负,女生主要受几个男生欺负;受欺负男生向教师及朋友求助的比例低于受欺负女生,也更少体验到求助成功的积极体验;受欺负男生的同伴接纳程度低于受欺负女生,其同伴拒绝程度高于受欺负女生;受欺负男生的受欢迎比例低于受欺负女生,其被拒绝的比例高于受欺负女生。根据研究结果,文章提出了针对性的干预策略。 相似文献
11.
吴素梅 《广西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2007,43(1):105-109
受欺负是存在于学生中的普遍现象,受欺负经验是学生心理问题及人格障碍形成的重要原因之一。受欺负经验引发学生心理问题的中介机制,表征为:1.受欺负学生通常具有某些消极的人格特征和认知偏差;2.受欺负情境使受欺负学生产生负性情绪,负性情绪恶性循环或外化;3.受欺负经验易使受欺负学生过度使用消极的自我防御机制;4.缺乏有效的社会支持是受欺负经验引发学生心理问题的重要条件。 相似文献
12.
The growing number of private schools in India, especially those accepting children from underprivileged households, has been considered demand driven. In contrast to this understanding, this paper argues that low-income parents in Okhla and Badarpur in Delhi, India, are compelled to send their children to private unaided recognised and unrecognised schools. These schools are used as interim schools during primary or elementary grades because of the perceived danger of sending younger children to distant government schools. Our findings show that parents encounter school choice dilemmas in three stages. Parents prefer sending their children to government schools, but being Muslim, they also prefer faith-based teaching in an Islamic environment, which they expect from government schools but not from private schools. Moreover, they prefer schools that offer all grades, do not charge fees, and have honest teachers who teach effectively, are dedicated and affectionate, and will instil discipline in their children. 相似文献
13.
Overweight is reportedly a risk factor for being bullied, and body image may mediate this association. Research on associations between overweight and bullying has so far only focused on children and early adolescents. We explored associations between actual and perceived overweight at age 15 and involvement in bullying at ages 15 and 17. A total of 2070 Finnish adolescents responded to a survey at ages 15 and 17. Self-reported weight and height, perceived weight and involvement in bullying were elicited. Being overweight at age 15 was not associated with being bullied or with being a bully at age 15 or 17. Perceived overweight among girls was associated with subsequent involvement in bullying as a bully and in feeling shunned. Weight related bullying may decrease from pre- and early adolescence to middle adolescence. The associations between perceived overweight and self-identification as a bully, and those between perceived overweight and feeling isolated may be explained by the phenomena representing psychological dysfunction. 相似文献
14.
Lisbeth Gravdal Kvarme Liv Sandnes Aabø Berit Sæteren 《Educational Psychology in Practice》2013,29(4):416-431
The aim of this study was to investigate how bullied schoolchildren experience solution-focused brief therapy support groups, and to examine how members of the support group experience their participation in the group. An explorative qualitative design, with individual and focus group interviews, was used. The sample consisted of 19 schoolchildren, aged 12–13 years, three of whom were bullied. Six individual interviews were conducted with the bullied children and three focus group interviews were held with the support groups. The bullied children reported that the bullying stopped after they received help from the support group and the improvements remained after three months. Their daily lives at school changed and they felt safer and happier and made friends. Members of the support groups reported that they were doing a meaningful job in helping the victims. It is important that school nurses, educational psychologists and teachers, together with parents, follow up bullied children, to prevent further bullying. 相似文献
15.
Michael J. Boulton 《教育心理学》1996,16(4):439-443
A sample of 192 8‐ to 10‐year‐old children were asked in individual interviews to say which classmates bully other pupils and who they selected as victims. They were provided with a well‐known definition of bullying devised by Olweus. Test‐retest reliability of bully nominations was shown to be good. The data were analysed to reveal the number of male and female victims of male and female children viewed by their peers as bullies. Consistent with previous research, many boys were shown to bully an appreciable number of girls and boys, but they selected significantly more same‐sex than other‐sex victims. However, our finding that there was not a significant difference in the number of same‐sex and other‐sex children selected as victims by girls was not consistent with the results of earlier studies. Thus, more boys may be bullied by girls than has been suggested by the extant literature. 相似文献
16.
Wei-Ru Chen 《Educational studies》2019,45(4):480-496
The current scales for self-blame are not suitable for school bullying scenarios and most lack validity. This study used a self-developed scale to measure bullied victims’ tendency to self-blame and further examined whether victims and bully/victims exhibited different tendencies toward self-blame under both bullied and generalized scenarios. The study consisted of 1,320 student participants from grades five to nine. The research instrument was a self-constructed bullied-victim self-blame scale (BSS), and the results were analyzed using the Rasch rating scale model. The Rasch results showed strong evidence of BSS reliability and validity. The results indicated that participants’ self-blaming tendency scores were positively correlated with depression (r = .31). In addition, participants’ self-blaming scores in relational bullying were higher than those in verbal and physical bullying. The self-blaming tendency of bully/victims under bullied scenarios was higher than that of victims, but no difference was found between bully/victims and victims for generalised scenarios. The participants’ tendency to self-blame under generalised scenarios was significantly higher than under bullied scenarios. The tendencies of various roles to self-blame under different scenarios and the self-blaming counselling strategies for victims are discussed at the end of this study. 相似文献
17.
王玥 《北京师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2019,(4):32-45
校园欺凌是国内外中小学中普遍存在的现象,从心理学角度考察其成因、探索相应干预措施有着重要意义。有关欺凌事件直接参与者的研究表明:部分欺凌者存在一定程度的反社会行为或认知特征,欺凌行为也是青春期个体获取、维护社会支配地位的一种手段;某些"另类"特征、情绪和社会交往问题会让儿童青少年成为易受欺凌的对象;欺凌和受欺凌都可能导致个体情绪、行为等方面的适应障碍,其不良影响甚至会延续相当长的时间;欺凌-受欺凌者是最不稳定的一类角色,兼具欺凌者与受欺凌者两者的缺点,适应状况通常最差。班级内的同伴生态、旁观者的行为和朋友关系都会影响欺凌事件的发生几率及所导致的后果。某些家庭和父母特征也是与欺凌行为联系密切的危险性或保护性因素。积极的师生关系有助于减少欺凌事件的发生,也能对其后果起到缓冲作用。但缺乏培训的父母和教师,通常无法及时准确地识别欺凌事件并做出有效应对。当前教育实践中,可以有效防控校园欺凌的措施大致可以划分为两类;一是面向特定相关群体的单水平干预,二是要求学生、家长、教职员工等都要参与其中的多水平干预。 相似文献
18.
Rachel E. Williamson David E. Reed II Robert E. Wickham Nigel P. Field 《Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties》2018,23(1):28-38
Research demonstrates that children exposed to domestic violence experience a myriad of internalising and externalising symptoms. The current study examines this pathway within a Cambodian sample, specifically determining if the effect of witnessing domestic violence on the child’s tendency to bully or to be bullied is mediated by symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The PTSD Checklist – Civilian Version, a revised version of a12-item bullying and victimisation questionnaire, and the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale were administered to 206 high school students in Phnom Penh. A significant mediational effect of PTSD symptoms was found for victimisation (being bullied); no such mediational model was supported for bullying as the outcome variable. However, controlling for emotional, physical, and sexual child abuse resulted in the mediation effect being non-significant. Implications and directions for future research are discussed. 相似文献
19.
Michael Boulton Helen Woodmansey Emma Williams Ruth Spells Beth Nicholas Eleanor Laxton 《教育心理学》2012,32(3):277-294
Being bullied is associated with a psycho-social maladjustment during childhood. One hitherto largely overlooked correlate is disrupted classroom concentration. Using data collected from 364 9–11-year-old children attending seven junior schools in the UK, we tested a model in which children’s perceived safety in two contexts (classroom and playground) and their perceived relationship with their teacher were hypothesised to mediate the association between being bullied and classroom concentration. Two analytical approaches to testing multiple mediation – product of coefficients and bootstrapping – supported the model. None of the mediation effects was moderated by sex but they were by year; in all cases the mediation effect was stronger in the older children than in the younger children (but still significant among the latter). These data suggest mechanisms through which bullying might have its effects on classroom concentration. The practical and theoretical implications are discussed. 相似文献
20.
This study investigates the dynamic interplay between bullying relationships and friendships in a sample of 481 students in 19 elementary school classrooms (age 8–12 years; 50% boys). Based on a relational framework, it is to be expected that friendships would be formed when two children bullied the same person and that children would start to bully the victims of their friends. Similarly, it is to be expected that friendships would be formed when two children were victimized by the same bully and that children would become victimized by the bullies of their friends. Longitudinal bivariate social network analysis supported the first two hypotheses but not the latter two. This study provides evidence for group processes in bullying networks in childhood. 相似文献