共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
刘孝梅 《安徽技术师范学院学报》2005,19(2):52-54
通过对比传统语境与认知语境的利弊，认为语境学说的发展是一个动态过程，认知语境是在传统语境基础上的新发展，但它无法完全替代传统语境。 相似文献
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王宏燕 《合肥教育学院学报》2004,21(1):121-123
对语境的历史发展进行了简单的回顾，指出传统语境与认知语境各自的缺陷：传统语境包罗万象过于琐碎；认知语境过于抽象生动性不足，因而二者不可相互替代，以期引起感兴趣者对语境学做进一步研究。 相似文献
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刘孝梅 《安徽科技学院学报》2005,19(2):52-54
通过对比传统语境与认知语境的利弊,认为语境学说的发展是一个动态过程,认知语境是在传统语境基础上的新发展,但它无法完全替代传统语境. 相似文献
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赵凌 《温州职业技术学院学报》2004,4(4):60-62
关联理论主张用关联原则来解释人类的交际活动。关联理论把语境看作是变项，把交际活动看作是利用语境假设来研究话语内容的学科。这里的语境假设可以理解为产生于人们的认知语境，即人们对情景知识(具体场合)、语言上下支知识(工作记忆)和背景知识(知识结构)的认知。在语言交际过程中，人们常利用认知语境中的内容来对话语进行理解和推导，有助于人们对文学作品的理解和欣赏。 相似文献
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传统语境观把语境视为静态的事物，将交际双方视为被动的参与者。认知语境观以解释话语，动态理解过程为主要目的。动态语境观与新兴的教育手段相联系。 相似文献
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认知语境及其构建 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
谭锦文 《阜阳师范学院学报(社会科学版)》2004,(2):76-77
认知语境不同于传统语境 ,它是以命题、知识草案和心理图式为基本单位的动态语境观。认知语境的构建对提高话语释义效率和交际能力具有指导意义 相似文献
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言语交际是一个认知———推理的互明过程,它要求交际双方对认知环境的事实或假设在心理上能作出共同的认知和推理。因此语境的选择,不仅应考虑说话者自身的交际意图、内容、语言手段、社会文化背景等因素,而且还应考虑受话者的话语处理能力等非语言因素。文章从文化语境和情景语境两方面对此作了探讨。 相似文献
11.
Constructing a Pragmatic Science of Learning and Instruction with Functional Contextualism 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
Constructivism has been embraced by many in the field of instructional design and technology (IDT), but its advocates have
struggled to move beyond theory to practice or to empirically demonstrate the effectiveness of their approach. As an alternative
to constructivism, a new perspective emerging in psychology, known as functional contextualism, is presented. Like constructivism,
functional contextualism also rejects objectivist epistemology, but provides a much more coherent philosophical basis on which
to build an empirical science of learning and instruction. The philosophical worldview known as contextualism is reviewed
to outline the similarities and differences between constructivism and functional contextualism, and the key characteristics
of functional contextualism and the science it supports, behavior analysis, are described. Implications of functional contextualism
for research and practice in IDT are then explored.
Eric Fox [eric.fox@wmich.edu] is an assistant professor in the Department of Psychology at Western Michigan University. This
article was written while he was a doctoral student in the Learning & Instructional Technology program at Arizona State University. 相似文献
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语言交际过程中语法的语用过程实际上是人们在认知语境的参与下完成交际的心理认知的互动过程。文章在分析认知语境概念的基础上运用关联理论的认知语境观对语法的三个层面进行了动态的语用研究,认为关联理论对语法语用过程起着动态的语用制约作用,具有较强的关联性认知阐释力。 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of the context-aware ubiquitous learning (u-learning) approach versus traditional instruction on students' ability to answer questions that required different cognitive skills, using the framework of Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives, including knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, and synthesis. In this study, 230 third- and fourth-grade students in 8 classes were counterbalanced and assigned to the u-learning approach and traditional instruction for learning different topics in two separate plant-observing activities. The results showed that the students who learned with traditional instruction performed better than those who used the u-learning approach in terms of answering questions that required their cognitive abilities of knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, and synthesis. Moreover, an in-depth analysis of the students' learning behaviors in the u-learning context revealed that most of their learning behaviors recorded in the u-learning system were not significantly related to their cognitive abilities. 相似文献
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The emphasis placed on the individualistic and universal nature of cognitive development in some cognitive development models has resulted in the neglect of the cultural context in the development of cognitive abilities. Consequences of this approach for cognitive development are the strong emphasis which is placed on age-dependent patterns of growth and uniformity. Furthermore, the occurrence of changes in the relationship between an individual and the surrounding environment as crucial for the development of cognitive abilities are neglected. In this paper, a cultural approach to the development of critical thinking abilities is proposed in contrast to the traditional, individualistic approach. 相似文献
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This study investigated the development of all 3 components of episodic memory (EM), as defined by Tulving, namely, core factual content, spatial context, and temporal context. To this end, a novel, ecologically valid test was administered to 109 participants aged 4-16 years. Results showed that each EM component develops at a different rate. Ability to memorize factual content emerges early, whereas context retrieval abilities continue to improve until adolescence, due to persistent encoding difficulties (isolated by comparing results on free recall and recognition tasks). Exploration of links with other cognitive functions revealed that short-term feature-binding abilities contribute to all EM components, and executive functions to temporal and spatial context, although ability to memorize temporal context is predicted mainly by age. 相似文献
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Eugenia Etkina Anna Karelina Maria Ruibal-Villasenor David Rosengrant Rebecca Jordan Cindy E. Hmelo-Silver 《学习科学杂志》2013,22(1):54-98
Design activities, when embedded in an inquiry cycle and appropriately scaffolded and supplemented with reflection, can promote the development of the habits of mind (scientific abilities) that are an important part of scientific practice. Through the Investigative Science Learning Environment (ISLE), students construct physics knowledge by engaging in inquiry cycles that replicate the approach used by physicists to construct knowledge. A significant portion of student learning occurs in ISLE instructional labs where students design their own experiments. The labs provide an environment for cognitive apprenticeship enhanced by formative assessment. As a result, students develop interpretive knowing that helps them approach new problems as scientists. This article describes a classroom study in which the students in the ISLE design lab performed equally well on traditional exams as ISLE students who did not engage in design activities. However, the design group significantly outperformed the non-design group while working on novel experimental tasks (in physics and biology), demonstrating the application of scientific abilities to an inquiry task in a novel content domain. This research shows that a learning environment that integrates cognitive apprenticeship and formative assessment in a series of conceptual design tasks provides a rich context for helping students build scientific habits of mind. 相似文献
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多元文化境遇深刻地显现出传统高校德育的困境,高校德育的时代使命主要在于发展学生的品德能力。发展品德能力的高校德育模式,在微观层次上就是要发展学生的品德认知能力、品德情感能力、品德意志能力和品德行为能力;在中观层次上,则需要从设定目标、选择内容、设计方法、优化活动、创造环境、提高教师素质等方面来进行建构。 相似文献
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听力理解作为一项基本语言技能愈来愈受到重视,听力教学策略研究也逐渐成为焦点。传统的大学英语听力课堂教学中存在以考试为导向、缺乏相关的理论指导、忽视学生的认知能力等问题,将图式理论应用于大学英语听力教学中,不仅可以丰富教师的教学方法,克服以往英语听力教学中存在的弊端,有效地改进大学英语听力教学效果,还可以充分发挥学生在听力理解中的主动性,为提高其听力理解能力提供理论指导。 相似文献
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Caroline P. Hoyniak John E. Bates Angela D. Staples Kathleen M. Rudasill Dennis L. Molfese Victoria J. Molfese 《Child development》2019,90(5):1718-1737
Despite a robust literature examining the association between sleep problems and cognitive abilities in childhood, little is known about this association in toddlerhood, a period of rapid cognitive development. The present study examined the association between various sleep problems, using actigraphy, and performance on a standardized test of cognitive abilities, longitudinally across three ages (30, 36, and 42 months) in a large sample of toddlers (N = 493). Results revealed a between-subject effect in which the children who had more delayed sleep schedules on average also showed poorer cognitive abilities on average but did not support a within-subjects effect. Results also showed that delayed sleep explains part of the association between family socioeconomic context and child cognitive abilities. 相似文献