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1.
陈瑞  曾建勋 《情报学报》2022,(4):401-411
众多叙词表及术语资源由于资源分散、更新维护慢、不能满足数据大规模应用需要,导致应用情况不理想。叙词表的集成化可对现有信息资源进行充分整合,有助于优化知识组织体系,拓展术语资源的应用范围。本文提出的叙词表集成化体系框架涵盖了标准规范体系、词表集成化支撑体系、词表集成化概念体系、叙词表集成化过程和方法以及系统服务与应用五个方面。集成化过程是在多来源术语集成构建词汇集成库的基础上,进行概念映射、概念融合与关系校验实现概念和概念关系的语义集成,构建一个覆盖多学科领域的、语义关系多样的集成化词表。最后,本文提出了推进集成资源的智能化服务和社会场景应用的具体策略,推动叙词表资源的可持续发展。  相似文献   

2.
国家叙词库采用以《汉语主题词表》为中心表、其他中文叙词表向中心表映射的模式进行基于概念的语义集成。为了研究学科交叉对国家叙词库语义映射造成的影响,本文选取八部叙词表中环境科学大类5 120个概念,与《汉语主题词表》环境科学大类8 329个概念进行映射实验。通过计算机自动匹配发现,多表映射存在一个概念等同映射到多个概念,多个概念等同映射到一个概念等逻辑问题。本文以实例形式分析这些逻辑问题的存在形式,并从概念专指度、概念语义模糊、语义关系结构、学科背景等方面分析产生这些逻辑问题的主要原因;在此基础上,提出解决这些逻辑问题的原则以及映射完整性的判定规则。图16。表5。参考文献14。  相似文献   

3.
叙词表结构的属性异构为开展知识组织体系的集成服务带来障碍。文章以理学叙词表为例,梳理叙词表属性字段,在此基础上提出知识组织体系集成建设元数据框架,采用核心元素集与扩展元素集共建的设计思路。  相似文献   

4.
网络叙词表的组织结构及优化模式研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
网络叙词表是重要的网络信息组织工具,目前已投入使用的网络叙词表根据宏观结构的不同可以分为3种类型,它们主要用于网络信息资源描述和检索系统两个方面。虽然网络叙词表在组成上与印刷本叙词表没有大的差异,但在其生成和实现方式上有很多不同点,而且它在入口界面、词汇控制和标识系统3个微观结构方面也有着显著的特征和优势。同时,网络叙词表在宏观结构和微观结构方面也有必要进行一系列优化,以完善其使用功能。  相似文献   

5.
传统叙词表的本体化构建是目前叙词表发展的重要方向。当前叙词表转换为本体的描述语言有XML(S)、RDF(S)、SKOS、OWL等,文章通过对几种典型的描述语言和叙词表之间的语义关系进行映射分析,从描述能力、人工干预、应用性三个层面总结了描述语言在表示叙词表语义关系方面的差异性。该研究不仅有助于传统叙词表在语义环境下进行发展,而且对于本体描述语言的完善具有非常重要的作用。  相似文献   

6.
中文叙词表的语义化转换   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
欧石燕 《图书情报工作》2015,59(16):110-118
[目的/意义]随着语义网与关联数据的兴起与发展,采用SKOS语言对叙词表进行语义化描述成为主流,这为叙词表在网络上的发布、共享以及在网络环境下的应用提供新的契机。[方法/过程]以《汉语主题词表》为例,对中文叙词表的语义化表示、验证和关联数据发布进行探索。首先,制定基于SKOS、SKOS-XL和SKOS扩展的叙词表语义化表示方案, 实现对叙词表的无损语义描述, 开发基于N-Triples格式的词表语义化转换程序, 使大规模词表的语义化转换更加简单高效;其次,采用新兴的SPIN框架对语义化词表的完整性进行验证, 为SKOS词表的正确性与合法性提供保证;最后,采用“Jena TDB+Fuseki+Pubby”的组合将SKOS/RDF词表数据在网络上发布为关联数据,并开发词表关联数据检索界面。[结果/结论]实验结果表明,采用本文的方法能够实现整个《汉语主题词表》的高效语义化转换、验证与发布,促进中文叙词表在网络上的共享与应用。  相似文献   

7.
国家叙词库是一个包含三层结构的知识组织系统,自下而上依次为工具层、表现层和应用层。在详细描述国家叙词库的结构和元数据框架的基础上,从基础词库、概念库和范畴体系方面,论述国家叙词库的构建流程,并对其未来的维护与应用机制进行展望。  相似文献   

8.
叙词表词汇转换系统的设计   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
本文在借鉴国外叙词表转换系统研制方法(集成词表)的基础上,以《汉语主题词表》、《社会科学检索词表》和《经济学管理学论文题录索引词汇表》三种汉语叙词表为实验样本,结合我国叙词表的特点,以金融银行学科为例,用计算机程序设计了一个实验性的叙词表词汇转换系统。实验表明该系统的词汇转换率达到78%—87%。  相似文献   

9.
基于SKOS 的国防科学技术叙词表向本体的转换研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本文对通过<国防科学技术叙词表>来构建国防科技领域本体进行了研究.文章简要介绍了几种本体描述语言,在详细描述W3C 新推出的本体描述语言标准SKOS 的基础上,结合<国防科学技术叙词表>分析了SKOS 对于概念、属性、映射的描述方法.SKOS 具有简单、系统、全面的特点,使得本体的构建更为方便、高效,为国防领域的知识共享和重用奠定了基础.在本文的实例部分,介绍分析了<国防科学技术叙词表>,尤其是词表中的字顺表所包含的主要语义关系,之后节选了词表的枪械部分段落,在详细分析枪械体系中的概念和其中的关联关系等的基础上完成了本体的转换.  相似文献   

10.
文章简要分析知识组织体系与关联数据的区别与联系,介绍了可在不同层次进行语义关联描述的本体模型和专业叙词表。面向科研创新信息需求,应用通用本体和农业科学叙词表等知识组织体系,建立了覆盖知识组织体系、科技文献和科学数据等多类资源的多维语义关联描述框架,实现了从资源的外部属性特征到内容层面的规范描述与语义关联。最后,以农业领域的信息资源为例,基于开源工具D2R,完成了关系型数据库中多类资源向多维语义关联数据的语义映射、自动转化与关联构建。  相似文献   

11.
This article surveys a sample of sources of the information about Romania available to British readers in nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals. It traces first contacts between the Romanian lands and Britain after the union of the principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia in 1859, then after their independence from the Ottoman Empire. The article highlights an increased Romanian interest in British periodicals, which reported and reviewed Romanian literature and scholarship. The article concludes that nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals offer a great variety and wealth of new material previously unavailable or unknown to researchers. It also states that only a portion of a large quantity of this material has been indexed and is therefore available via the bibliographic sources mentioned in the article. The author argues for the need of a new and updated British-Romanian bibliography, which can draw on new online resources offering access to thousands of new newspapers and periodical records.  相似文献   

12.
ABSTRACT

In today's current political environment raising support for millage renewals, bond campaigns or even millage continuations for public libraries is affected by national politics, and a tendency towards tax aversion on principle across the country. The lessons we can learn from the governing boards of small and rural public libraries are worth raising up to a greater national consciousness. Board governance, community consciousness, and facilities management are clear and logical tools that elected boards of public libraries can use to politick for support of libraries.  相似文献   

13.
ABSTRACT

The paper looks at library approval plans for material published in Slavic, East European, and Eurasian countries from the selector's point of view. Reasons why a selector would or would not want one are examined. Success with approval plans requires monitoring receipts, as well as good and ongoing communication among the selector, the acquistions department, and the vendor. A preliminary list of vendors offering approval plans for the countries of the region appears in the appendix.  相似文献   

14.
ABSTRACT

The article examines the most important periodicals of ethnic minorities in Poland. After 1989, many ethnic groups (e.g., Germans and Romanies) were allowed to publish journals and newspapers for the first time since the end of World War II. The publications examined show the rich cultural life of the various ethnic groups as well as their current status in Poland. In addition to popular titles, some scholarly publications are also discussed.  相似文献   

15.
为进一步提升武汉科技信息共享服务平台使用效率,本文从平台资源建设、资源应用、供需对接方式和供需特点等方面分析了武汉科技信息资源服务现状;基于需求和利用的角度,结合平台管理实践和走访用户、问卷调查等研究方法,从信息资源需求主体和平台自身建设管理两个维度,找出制约科技资源供需对接的主要因素;以市场化和制度化为创新理念,从政策创新、机制创新、市场化服务、环境营造、人才培养等方面提出平台建设由“资源集聚”向“需求导向”转变的对策建议.  相似文献   

16.
The author answers a reference question on bibliographic sources for the Ukrainian periodical press 1840–1850. Helpful publications include bibliographies, guides, and library catalogs. These potentially make mention of revolutionary developments in Hungary (such as the Twelve Points paragraph of the Demands of the Hungarian Nation in March 1848, the subsequent April Laws, and Hungary's declaration of independence in April 1949), and elsewhere in the Hapsburg Empire.  相似文献   

17.
ABSTRACT

The history of the almanac in Croatia is reconstructed through primary research in bibliographic and archival sources. The almanac is a vehicle for knowledge communication in informal contexts, engaging both oral tradition and literary forms traceable to medieval literacy and ways of structuring knowledge. The history of the almanac in Croatia reflects the changing context of the book trade, literacy, and the evolution of language. Four main stages are identified: (1) the beginning of the annual almanac in the seventeenth century; astrological almanacs reflecting the sensibility of the Baroque period; (2) the Enlightenment's stimulation of almanac publishing in the spirit of contemporary secular reforms in agriculture and education; (3) nineteenth-and twentieth-century almanac trade, showing complex and overlapping networks for the production, distribution and appropriation of printed almanacs;(4) roughly the end of World War II, when the almanac slowly moved out of the role of a popular mass medium and into specialized niches represented by regional, diaspora, and religious almanacs.  相似文献   

18.
This essay investigates key moments in the history of personal digital assistant (PDA) marketing to women. Analyzing promotional texts for three PDAs that received considerable press coverage from 1999 to 2001, this essay explores the cultural significance of the convergence of anxieties about women's place in the gendered division of labor with the computer industry's changing marketing imperatives. Drawing on an array of promotional texts, including news articles, press releases, promotional Web sites, and ads appearing in newspapers and magazines, this paper tells the story of how the computer industry aimed to sell smaller, faster computing devices to women while promising to mediate and thus reproduce women's overwork as paid and familial laborers. After experimenting with the PDA as a sexy fashionable gadget for working women, marketers approached women as mothers with “Audrey,” an Internet appliance designed for the kitchen.  相似文献   

19.
Some key questions for publishers in today’s market are: Could Amazon’s recent merger and acquisitions strategy create a disruptive or paradigm shifting business model in the publishing industry? Do their recent actions post mergers and acquisitions illustrate a predicable pattern of behaviour that publishers can strategize around? This paper will explore these questions and look at some of the possible reasons behind Amazon’s business practices and the possible consequences to publishers.  相似文献   

20.
This study explores the attitudes and actions of bank managers toward communication spending during recession. Results of this study indicate that organizational leaders cut communication spending early during recession and also erroneously rely on the bank's financials to mitigate irrational customer withdrawals. This research is used to illustrate the need for public librarians to meet the needs of bank stakeholders when their institution ceases to communicate during crises, for academic librarians to educate students in undergraduate and graduate programs regarding heightened information needs during recession, and for corporate librarians to understand a potential avenue for competitive advantage during recession.  相似文献   

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