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大型工具书因其体系庞大、学科门类详备、所涉作者编辑众多,成为校对工作中难度最大、质量要求最高的工程。这要求百科全书的校对工作应采取特别的方法和技巧。笔者从《中国大百科全书》(二版简明版)的校对实践中获得了一些经验,供参考。 相似文献
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词典、百科全书和年鉴是三种重要的参考性工具书，“条目”是其反映主体内容，组成正的主要形式。本深入阐述了这三种工具书中“条目”的不同特征，对正确使用工具书有较大的参考价值。 相似文献
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本文首先概述了我国辞书编纂、出版的历史、基本状况等，然后通过对《不列颠百科全书》和《辞海》两部辞书出版和修订过程较详细的说明，阐述了新中国辞书事业前进的第一步都不曾离开过党和国家领导人的关心和支持。 相似文献
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Christina Morus 《传播与批判/文化研究》2013,10(2):142-165
Through this essay, I assert that the intellectual authority of prominent cultural intellectuals can affect a form of “cultural pedagogy” that can essentially re-educate an audience through constitutive discourses that can re-articulate that audience's identity, cultural framework, and historical references, and in so doing can normalize mass violence. Serbian intellectuals and cultural elites played a prominent role in initializing the extreme nationalist mindset that increasingly polarized Yugoslavia throughout the 1980s. In 1986, the Serbian Academy of Arts and Sciences (SANU) drafted a Memorandum, the publication of which in the Serbian newspaper Vjecernje Novosti is retrospectively the precipitating event that awakened Serbian national consciousness. This essay critiques the 1986 Memorandum of the Serbian Academy of Arts and Sciences with regard to its role in constructing an exclusive and politically charged Serbian identity. Beginning with an examination of the Memorandum's central claims, this essay asserts that the dominant mythic themes that emerge in the document were part of a deliberate teleological reordering of historical events that provided the foundation for the constitutive rhetoric of Serbian intellectuals-turned-politicians. This essay allows for a deeper understanding of the effects of constitutive discourses, rooted in a mythos of victimization, on the emergent nationalism and mass violence in the former Yugoslavia. 相似文献
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Marcus Nevitt 《Media History》2017,23(2):218-240
This article offers detailed analysis of the patterns of book advertising in Marchamont Nedham’s government-sponsored newsbook, Mercurius Politicus. It contends that, for a brief period, Politicus was the nearest thing that the mid-seventeenth century had to a literary periodical and contests standard accounts that Politicus was only successful because government monopoly made it so. Instead I show that Politicus was instrumental in creating an image of the Commonwealth and Protectorate as a Republic of Letters; the cheap print of its small advertisements insisted that the publication of a book was an event, that London was a city of the book, and that its inhabitants might respond to the uncertainty of political revolution by eagerly imagining a future comprised of new books as yet unread. 相似文献
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Nicole Emily Hurt 《传播与批判/文化研究》2013,10(4):376-398
The discursive construction of “baby brain” functions to legitimize gender stereotypes and deflect attention from a host of material conditions that influence how women experience pregnancy and motherhood. This essay focuses on how the baby brain myth gains public legitimacy by tracing and analyzing its recent emergence in both scientific and mass mediated discourse. I argue that the myth gained legitimacy through a rhetoric of significance—one that conflates statistical significance and functional significance—that operates in both science and media discourse. In the conclusion, I offer an alternative interpretation of baby brain's cause, one that highlights the social structures that make pregnancy and motherhood difficult. 相似文献
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香港的传媒、政治和社会变迁 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
回归后的香港存在着影响传媒表现和运作的众多因素,本文认为再国族化、国际化和本土化是一个有助于分析香港传媒和政治变迁的框架,并以此框架分析了近两年来香港传媒如何响应重大社会和政治事件。在传媒和权力结构之间的关系外,香港的社会和经济转变等非非政治性的社会变迁也影响着香港传媒的发展。 相似文献
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《Journalism Practice》2013,7(2):187-200
This article begins with the assertion that creativity in journalism has moved from being a matter of guile and ingenuity to being about expressiveness, and that this reflects a broader cultural shift from professional expertise to the authenticity of personal expression as dominant modes of valorization. It then seeks to unpack the normative baggage that underpins the case for creativity in the cultural industries. First, there is a prioritization of agency, which does not stand up against the phenomenological argument that we do not own our own practices. Second, creative expression is not necessarily more free, simply alternately structured. As with Judith Butler's performativity model, contemporary discourses of creativity assume it to have a unique quality by which it eludes determination (relying on tropes of fluidity), whereas it can be countered that it is in spontaneous, intuitive practice that we are at our least agentive. Third, the article argues against the idea that by authorizing journalists (and audiences) to express themselves, creativity is democratizing, since the always-already nature of recognition means that subjects can only voice their position within an established terrain rather than engage active positioning. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTWhen Stuart Hall and his Birmingham School colleagues argued that media technologies were essential to the production of moral panics, they focused on the relationship between mass media and the state. Because new technologies have altered our cultures of ostracism and punishment, we offer a revised analysis of this relationship that examines the role of online shaming in current moral panics. Not only do we analyze the new technological affordances of digital media, we argue that our current shaming culture is symptomatic of a deep-seated political disenfranchisement that leaves subjects grasping to “do something.” Contributing to a social media-driven panic culture that punishes and ostracizes deviants thus stands in for meaningful political participation. Ultimately, we argue that the evolving orientation to public life fostered by these new technologies has created a culture of shaming whereby citizens often prosecute their own discrete moral panics amid the more sustained sense of political crisis that characterizes contemporary life. 相似文献
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As more and more countries adopt access-to-information (ATI) laws to advance economic development and democratic self-governance, efforts are under way to foster ATI movements in the Arab world. While one nation in that region already has adopted the legislation, the likelihood of adoption in other Arab states is unknown. This comparative study analyzed 12 quantitative indicators measuring political, cultural, and economic factors associated with access to information. Results indicate that Arab countries, as a whole, contrast sharply in nearly all areas with non-Arab countries that have ATI laws and are consistent with non-Arab countries that do not have ATI laws. However, the study also found that the most recent ATI law adopters had weaker political, cultural, and economic enabling environments for government information access, which may portend a global phenomenon that will continue and could explain the interest in adopting the legislation in the Arab world. Findings also suggest that while a handful of Arab countries might have the wealth to effectively implement ATI laws, political and cultural conditions may be substantial obstacles for greater government transparency. Other results regarding the use of quantitative indicators of ATI adoption, particularly structural pluralism, are discussed. 相似文献
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The retrieval of documents that originate from digitized and OCR-converted paper documents is an important task for modern retrieval systems. The problems that OCR errors cause for the retrieval process have been subject to research for several years now. We approach the problem from a theoretical point of view and model OCR conversion as a random experiment. Our theoretical results, which are supported by experiments, show clearly that information retrieval can cope even with many errors. It is, however, important that the documents are not too short and that recognition errors are distributed appropriately among words and documents. These results disclose that an expensive manual or automatic post-processing of OCR-converted documents usually does not make sense, but that scanning and OCR must be performed in an appropriate way and with care. 相似文献
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《Communication monographs》2012,79(2):136-157
Members of small groups do not always mention available information, and this leads to inferior decision making. A local model of participation was applied to information sharing discussions to evaluate the extent to which task-relevant judgments are related to comments that contain unique (i.e., data that only one member knows) and shared (i.e., known to all members) information. In addition, the model was applied to only “incorrect” groups, ones that did not choose the optimal solution. Findings revealed that the local model applied to incorrect groups in the sense that shared information figured prominently in the development and maintenance of judgments. Unique comments, however, played a limited role in the process. Other findings showed that shared contributions were not associated within groups, indicating somewhat skewed rates of participation. Discussion focuses on the distribution of variance related to judgments. 相似文献
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知识组织中著者自建元数据的可行性研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文探讨了知识组织中知识著者自建元数据的可行性 ,其结果显示知识著者完全可以按照DublinCore标准创建合格的元数据。研究结果同时也显示知识著者认为元数据能有效促进组织知识资源的可获取度 ,他们应该参与对其自身知识作品的元数据加工工作。本文认为一个简单的Web表单就可以帮助著者创建高质量的元数据。最后本文指出下一步研究需要注意的一些问题。 相似文献