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1.
[目的/意义]宏观职能鉴定通常被认为是档案鉴定由“国家模式”走向“社会模式”的转变,从哲学基础、鉴定客体和价值追求来看,档案宏观职能鉴定的真正内核无疑是反映和尊重“社会”,但其是否为完全的“社会模式”、是否实现“知行合一”却有必要作进一步探析。[方法/过程]分别以“国家性”和“社会性”作为基本考察对象,分析阐述宏观职能鉴定对于两者的体现情况与程度。[结果/结论]宏观职能鉴定存在“国家性”有余而“社会性”不足的问题,若欲真正实现档案鉴定向社会模式转变的目标,应当将宏观鉴定与微观鉴定相搭配,将“自上而下”和“自下而上”的鉴定路径相结合,同时在鉴定时划分正式场域与非正式场域。 相似文献
2.
Barbara L. Craig 《Archival Science》2005,5(2-4):391-402
The author, a professor at the University of Toronto, touches briefly on the extensive and rich archival literature that supports
the teaching of macroappraisal, but notes that this is not the only educational material she offers her students when teaching
appraisal theory. She discusses the usefulness to archivists of literature from the fields of ethnography, organizational
knowing, records in history, personal documentary behaviour, memory, and communications, noting that the use of texts from
these fields can encourage students to reflect on their own presumptions and to develop a taste for the wide reading and research
that must support appraisal. 相似文献
3.
Kristjana Kristinsdóttir 《Archival Science》2003,3(2):199-204
The article sets off with a brief summary of the history of appraisal and disposal of records as processed at the National Archives of Iceland (NAI) since its establishment in 1882 to present times. Rules on appraisal and disposal of records introduced in 1900, 1911, and 1916 were ignored and all records were kept. Status quo remained until 1985 when a new National Archives Act was passed. The appraisal and disposal process adopted then is described and explained. It included the publication of instructions on records management as well as forms relating to records management. The influence of acts of law on the appraisal and disposal process is explained. Finally the experience with the arrangement of organised appraisal in Iceland is described. 相似文献
4.
Robert Kretzschmar 《Archival Science》2005,5(2-4):219-238
In October 2004, the archival appraisal working group of the Association of German Archivists (Verband deutscher Archivarinnen
und Archivare) presented a position paper outlining the present status of the debate on appraisal within the Federal Republic
of Germany. What follows is an overview of this discussion as background and context for the group’s position paper; an examination
of the common ground between appraisal as practised in Germany and macroappraisal as developed in Canada; and a glimpse at
the future directions of this discussion in Germany. The position paper is appended to this article. 相似文献
5.
Agnes E. M. Jonker 《Archival Science》2005,5(2-4):203-218
A new appraisal method for national government records introduced in the 1990s aimed at reducing backlogs in the transfer
of pre-1976 records to the National Archives of the Netherlands. Since then, appraisal and disposition decisions are based
on macro analysis. Preventing new backlogs from occurring was a second goal. The socalled project PIVOT (1991–2001 and after)
coordinated the introduction, development, and implementation of the new appraisal method. This article describes the objectives,
method, and appraisal criteria, as well as the criticism and laborious progress of this ongoing story.
This article is a revised and enlarged version of an earlier publication, “Makrohindamine Hollandis. Eskimesed kümme aanstat:
1991–2001”, TUNA Ajalookultuuri ajakiri
4 (2003): 150–154. 相似文献
6.
In 1999–2000 the National Archives of Australia (NAA) adopted a functions-based approach to appraisal. Since that time functional
appraisal projects have for the most part been conducted in cooperation with individual agencies. What has been missing is
a broad whole-of-government or macroappraisal framework which might assist with the strategic prioritisation of projects,
the allocation of resources and the identification of high-value functions, activities and record classes. This article describes
a project commenced by the NAA during 2003–2004 to research and develop a functions-based macroappraisal framework for current
and prospective appraisal and for retrospective application to records of the past 30 years of the Australian Government.
The article compares the Australian approach with macroappraisal strategies pursued in Canada, the Netherlands and South Africa. 相似文献
7.
Terry Cook 《Archival Science》2005,5(2-4):101-161
Macroappraisal as developed in Canada has had significant currency in archival literature over the past decade, and aspects
of its program and ideas have been implemented in other jurisdictions. For the first time, this essay probes the theoretical
and practical origins of macroappraisal in Canada since 1950 and why its originators no longer found convincing the predominant
status quo on appraisal as articulated by T.R. Schellenberg. The essay then summarizes the theory of macroappraisal as articulated
at the National Archives of Canada, and the strategic and program infrastructure developed in the 1990s to turn the new theory
into operational reality. As no archival concept is universally locked in time, the evolution and changes in the macroappraisal
program, both in theory and strategy, are also analysed in its Canadian home base over its first decade, as well as some internal
and external criticisms of it. The essay intends to illuminate the deeper context of macroappraisal, so that an international
audience may better understand its strengths and weaknesses. As the author is the principal architect of macroappraisal, the
essay consists of equal parts of archival history, theoretical analysis, and personal reflection. 相似文献
8.
Elise Edmonds 《档案与原稿》2020,48(2):186-199
ABSTRACT Weeks after the Armistice was declared, Principal Librarian William Ifould of the Public Library of New South Wales recommended to Library Trustees that the institution begin to collect ‘private and official documents’ produced during the war. By early December 1918, advertisements began to appear in Australian and New Zealand newspapers, encouraging returning soldiers to sell their personal diaries to the Library. Known as the European War Collecting Project, this acquisition program was the first of its kind in Australia. This paper explores the Library’s acquisition of personal diaries written by those who served and analyses the appraisal methodologies carried out by State Library staff. This case study underscores the recent archival debate which has re-assessed the role of archivists in assessment, appraisal, preservation (and privileging) of some collections over others and argues that archivists mediate and consequently shape the collections in their institutions. 相似文献
9.
10.
Access — The reformulation of an archival paradigm 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Angelika Menne-Haritz 《Archival Science》2001,1(1):57-82
11.
12.
本文基于新修订《档案法》对档案开放业务的相关规定和新的要求,采用文献分析法和案例分析法等研究手段,对档案开放策略这一问题进行研究。提出档案开放要采用层级鉴定的方法来实施,针对鉴定工作量大、专业人才缺乏和不同地区缺乏统筹等问题,本文提出要采取规范标准和组织分级等手段来解决。 相似文献
13.
MARGARET J. DIXON 《Archival Science》2005,5(2-4):285-313
Case files are voluminous and present challenges to archivists, government departments, and other institutions that are charged
with the responsibility of managing these records either throughout or at various stages of their life cycle. To date, archivists
and records administrators, both in Canada and worldwide, have recognized the case file challenge and are rethinking solutions
for dealing with this persistent problem. This article argues that by building on our cumulative knowledge acquired through
years of applying macroappraisal and functional analysis to the appraisal of government records, and staking out a modern
definition of “case file records” based on their transactional characteristics, we indeed do have the skills and the expertise
to tackle the problem and develop a new solution for case file records. Rather than taking a piecemeal approach or relying
on sampling techniques, Library and Archives Canada (LAC) Case Files Appraisal Working Group (CFAWG)1 demonstrates how to consistently make keep-destroy appraisal decisions for the disposition of operational case file records.2 相似文献
14.
档案工作者是现代社会的记录者,他们挑选并保存历史事件和社会思想的凭证信息,并由此掌握着过去。海伦.塞缪尔斯提出的文献记录战略深刻影响了北美的档案思想和鉴定方法,启发了许多档案理论家和实践者去反思和探讨一个重要的主题:档案工作者怎样以更适合21世纪的方式来记录现代社会和掌握过去。 相似文献
15.
“Macroappraisal, the next frontier” describes a records disposition pilot project which was based on a refinement of the current
macroappraisal methodology in use at Library and Archives Canada. Still very much a work in progress, the refined approach
builds upon macroappraisal theory and methodology, and this paper presents its application to Fisheries and Oceans Canada,
a major federal government department in the Government of Canada. The project focused on providing the institution with total
records disposition coverage based on a single archival appraisal and two Records Disposition Authorities. This paper demonstrates
the feasibility of appraising records at the mandate level instead of at the function or program level. It also outlines and
points to the benefits and advantages of appraising large government institutions intheir totality rather than in smaller,
discrete sectors, branches, or divisions.
We wish to thank the journal’s readers for their comments on an earlier draft of this article. We also wish to thank Candace
Loewen for her insights, comments, and encouragement. Thanks are also extended to our colleagues who commented on various
aspects of the project during Library and Archives Canada (LAC) appraisal seminars. Kerry Badgley also wishes to thank Sarah,
Paul, and Shannon Badgley for providing a daily reminder of why it is important to document the past. 相似文献
16.
四个范式:欧洲档案学的观念和战略的变化——1840年以来西方档案观念与战略的变化 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本报告首先梳理了西方档案理论与档案史,探讨了那些激发档案专业思想、战略及方法的概念,其次又着重阐述了档案鉴定这个由档案工作者从人类文献记录中挑选出很小比例作为档案长久保存的过程。19世纪至今的档案工作者对其工作、职能、活动及社会作用的认识经历了(或者说显示了)四个大的思想框架(或范式),探讨和了解这个背景可以让我们更好地认识和应对我们现在所处的这个数字时代的挑战。 相似文献
17.
Jinfang Niu 《档案与原稿》2013,41(3):203-215
Metadata go through an evolutionary process from creation to archival preservation. During this process, some metadata are re-used (inheritance), other metadata are eliminated (extinction) and still others are updated or newly generated (mutation). Unlike other literature that focuses on metadata inheritance and mutation, this evolutionary view highlights the extinction of metadata. As such, it might raise awareness about the appraisal and selection of metadata in digital curation practice. 相似文献
18.
KAREN ANDERSON 《Archival Science》2005,5(2-4):379-389
The author, a senior lecturer at Edith Cowan University in Australia, discusses the literature used to teach macroappraisal
of electronic records through distance education techniques within an environment rooted in the Australian records continuum.
In this context, students are given a sound grounding in systems analysis and design, as well as functional appraisal and
the importance of metadata. A key teaching element is the International Standards Organization's Information and Documentation—Records Management (ISO 15489), which she demonstrates has strong parallels to the principles of systems analysis and design. 相似文献
19.
Theo Thomassen 《Archival Science》1987,1(4):373-385
This first introduction, written for educational purposes, is meant to be a concise basic text in which the core concepts of archival science are coherently defined and explained, in a non-polemical way and departing from a de-institutionalised point of view. It is not intended to support or reject any single theory, but to provide an overview. It should be read as a synthesis of a variety of shared ideas and views, not as a manifesto of a new approach to archival science. If there is anything new to it, it might be located in the coherent and integrated presentation. In this primer of archival science annotation has been avoided.This revised version was published online in October 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
20.
在调查比较中英文献中日益增多的档案多元现象的基础上,归纳了国外档案多元论代表性作者的代表性学术观点,探究了档案多元论与档案中立说及文件连续体管理模式和文件管理信息学的关系,讨论了档案多元论对档案教育与研究的影响以及对档案实践应用的启示。 相似文献